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4. Although nursing theories differ in their attempts to define nursing, all of them base their beliefs on common
concepts concerning:
a. self-actualization, fundamental needs, and belonging.
b. stress reduction, self-care, and a Systems model.
c. curative care, restorative care, and terminal care.
d. human relationships, the environment, and health.
ANS: D
Although nursing theories differ, they all base their beliefs on human relationships, th environment, and health.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: dm 4 OBJ: Theory #2
TOP: Nursing Theories KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A "
5. Standards of care for the nursing practice of the LPN are
a.
b.
using a drug manual to check compatibility of drugs. using scientific information to guide decision
making.
c. using medical history of a patient to direct nursing interventions.
d. basing nursing care on advice from an experienced nurse.
ANS: B
Theuse ofscientific information from high-quality research to guide nursing decisions is reflective of the
application of evidence-based practice.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: dm 5 OBJ: Theory #3
TOP: Evidence Based Practice KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A ~
7. Lillian Wald and Mary Brewster established the Henry Street Settlement Service in New York in 1893 in
order to:
Boards of Nursing Examiners in each state.
National Council of States Boards of Nursing (NC
c. American Nurses Association (ANA).
d. National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses.
ANS: D
The National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses modified the standards published by the
ANA in 2004 to better fit the role of the LPN.
TOP: Standards of Care KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A
6. The LPN demonstrates an evidence-based practice by:
a.
b.

offer a shelter to injured war veterans.
found a nursing apprenticeship.
provide health care to poor persons living in tenements. offer better housing to low-income families.
a.
b.
c.
d.

ANS: C
Henry Street Settlement Service brought the provision of community health care to the poor people living in
tenements.
TOP: Growth of Nursing KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A
attempt to contain the costs of health care.
c. increase availability of medical care to the elderly.
d. identify a patients condition
more quickly.
ANS: B ....................... .................................................................................
The purpose of instituting DRGs was to contain skyrocketing costs of health care.
TOP: Health Care Delivery KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A
10. The advent of diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) required that nurses working in health care agencies:
a. reco tive documentation to confirm a patients need for care in order to qualify for reimburs
b. RG rather than their own observations for patient assessment.
are of the specitĩc drugs related to the diagnosis.
quire cross-training to make staffing more flexible.
DRGs required that nurses provide more supportive documentation of their assessments and
identified patient needs to qualify the facility for Medicare reimbursement. Observant assessment might also
indicate another DRG classification and consequently more reimbursement for the facility.
TOP: Managed Care KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A
a. learning on the job and being promoted to a higher level of responsibility.
b. moving from a maternity unit to a more complicated surgical unit.
c. obtaining additional education to move from one level of nursing to another.
8. An educational for an LPN refers to an LPN:
d. learning that advancement requires consistent work and commitment.
ANS: C
By broadening the educational base, an LPN may advance and build a nursing career.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: dm 6 OBJ: Theory #7 TOP: Nursing
Education Pathways KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A '
9. When diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) were established ■
was to:
put patients with the same diagnosis on the sami
a.
i by Medicare in 1983, the purpose
me unit.
mít.
b.
ore quickly.
d.
ANS: A

11. If a member of a health maintenance organization (HMO) is having respiratory problems
such as fever, cough, and fatigue for several days and wants to see a specialist, the person is
required to go:
a. directly to an emergency room for treatment.
b. to any general practitioner of choice.
c. directly to a respiratory specialist.
d. to a primary care physician for a reíerral.
ANS: D
Participants in an HMO must see their primary physician to receive a refcrral for a spccialist in
order for the HMO to pay for the care.
TOP: Managed Care KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A
12. An advantage of preferred provider organizations (PPOs) is that:
a.
b.
they make insurance coverage of employees less expensive to employers.
there are fewer physicians to choose from than in an HMO.
c. long-term relationships with physicians are more likely.
d. patients may go directly to a specialist for care.
ANS: A
The use of PPOs allows insurance companies to keep their premiums low and in turn makes
insurance coverage less expensive for the employers. There are usually more physicians from
which to choose than from a HMO, but long-term relationships between physician and patient
cannot be established easily. Patients still must see their primary physician before being referred
to other specialties.
TOP: Preferred Provider Organizations KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A
13. After passing the National Council Licensure Examination for Practical Nurses (NCLEX-
PN), the nurse is qualified to take an additional certification in the field of:
a.
b.
pharmacology.
d.
ANS: A
After becoming an LPN, the nurse may apply for additional certiíícation in pharmacology or
long-term care.
TOP: Educational Opportunities KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: N/A
14. Nursing interventions are best defined as activities that:
a. are taken to improve the patients health.

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However, there was a considerable number of people and quite
an amount of confusion.
It is possible he could have been in there and I had not seen
him, but had I seen him, there was enough light for me to have
recognized him.
Mr. Griffin. Were you taking any pictures before it became
apparent Oswald was being brought down?
Mr. Beers. I think I made up earlier, looked up towards the
Commerce Street entrance that showed either one or two policemen
in silhouette at the top of that ramp there.
I believe I made one negative, and I believe that it was one or
two policemen up there. There was at least an officer there.
Mr. Griffin. Now you indicated earlier that you had first met Jack
Ruby 18 months before in connection with some freelance work that
you were doing. Can you tell us what that was?
Mr. Beers. Mr. Bayse, Dale Bayse was doing a story, speculating
as to being able to sell this story, and needed some photographers
to illustrate it.
His information to me was that Mr. Ruby had a stripper school,
and that he would like to have some pictures of these, of this school,
and these people involved in the school, the supposed instructors
and the supposed students, to illustrate this article with.
Mr. Griffin. Did Mr. Bayse ever sell the story?
Mr. Beers. I believe that story he showed me a copy of Adam
Magazine. I believe that was probably December 1962.
Mr. Griffin. How much time did you spend at Jack Ruby’s place
of business taking photographs?
Mr. Beers. That particular day, which was the only time I was
there in his place, I spent from approximately 11 o’clock until must
have been around 7. It was dark when I went outside.

Mr. Griffin. Did you visit only the Carousel Club? Or also the
Vegas Club?
Mr. Beers. Just the Carousel Club; yes, sir.
Mr. Griffin. Do you still have any of the photographs?
Mr. Beers. Yes, sir; I do. I supplied the FBI with one or two sets
of those photographs, and I do have some still available.
I would like to inject here that I was introduced to Mr. Ruby on
this particular day, which was my first meeting with him, and—but
throughout the day I had little or no conversation with him.
He was negotiating with Mr. Bayse.
Mr. Griffin. Was he actually running the school for strippers or
was this a promotion idea?
Mr. Beers. Mr. Griffin, this is an opinion. I don’t think Mr. Ruby
actually ran a stripper school.
As I worked throughout the day, it seemed fairly apparent to me
that there was no school in operation there, I don’t think. That is
strictly an opinion.
Mr. Ruby did run an amateur night, and from what information I
think I absorbed there, it appeared that these girls must have, part
of them practiced in some of his amateur and semiregularly at his
place, and it didn’t appear to be a school.
Mr. Griffin. Was he running an amateur night at the time you
were taking these photographs?
Mr. Beers. I was not familiar with the club prior to that.
Mr. Griffin. But at the time you took these photographs, did you
have the understanding that he had run an amateur night?
Mr. Beers. I got that impression; yes, sir, that he had some
amateur nights there.
Mr. Griffin. During the period of November 22, 23, and 24, were
you aware of newspaper people who were operating in the Dallas

area on the freelance basis?
Mr. Beers. You say was I aware that there were some operating
on a freelance basis?
Mr. Griffin. Yes; were you aware of any such people?
Mr. Beers. Not particularly.
I ran into one photographer who was a local man, who I
understand was freelancing and had received an assignment from
Paris Match, a French magazine, and to the best of my knowledge, I
don’t recall—I am sure there were some here, but I don’t recall
meeting any that I absolutely knew were on a freelance basis.
Mr. Griffin. What I am interested in finding out is if there is any
practice that a freelance person follows in hooking up with a
network, or somebody who can pay him, whether he makes a
commitment in advance to work, or whether he is just down there
for shooting pictures or trying to gather information and selling it as
he gets it?
Are you familiar enough with what the practice generally is for
freelance people in a situation, developing news situations such as
we had in this period, to be able to state how a freelance
photographer or newspapermen would operate?
Mr. Beers. In instances such as occurred there, as the
assassination of the President, there are some photographers in
Dallas who operate on a freelance basis, and also some of them, the
same people possibly operate on a stringer basis. This is someone
who is known in the area by a news agency or a particular magazine
or newspaper, and if something occurred in that area, the people by
whom he is known, could possibly contact him and tell him to cover
this story, either by himself, or until some of their people could arrive
on the scene.
I am sure there were some such people operating there. I don’t
know just exactly who it might be.

Mr. Griffin. I will ask you one final question. Has anything come
to your attention having to do with either Jack Ruby or with the
assassination of President Kennedy, or anything else that you might
think would be of importance to the Commission that you think you
should make available to us?
I do want to encourage you in this respect because I don’t know
that I have covered everything that you might have.
Mr. Beers. I have tried to insert what I thought, what little
information or comments I might have to make. I can’t recall that I
have learned anything additional since this happened that is not
common knowledge to everyone.
Mr. Griffin. I see.
Now, let me also ask you, for the record, whether prior to
commencing this deposition you have talked with anybody from the
Commission?
I am not talking about the FBI agents, but any staff member of
the Commission other than myself?
Mr. Beers. No; I have had no contact with anyone from the
Warren Commission except over the telephone when I was notified
and they verified my address so they could mail me a notice to
appear here.
I might go back and add, as far as my acquaintance with Jack
Ruby is concerned, I met him that particular day, and I have seen
him in the halls of the Dallas News in that 18-month period four
times probably.
And I think Jack recalled that my first name was Jack, but not
until I testified in his change of venue hearing.
I think that he aware that I was Jack Beers.
Mr. Griffin. Were you a prosecution witness or defense witness?
Mr. Beers. Defense.

Mr. Griffin. I take it that you were called to testify as to the
climate in Dallas, whether Jack could get a fair trial in Dallas or not?
Mr. Beers. More or less; yes, sir.
It was concerned with the change of venue hearing in Judge
Brown’s court there.
Mr. Griffin. I might add also that I did not interview you prior to
taking this deposition?
Mr. Beers. No, sir.
I have never met you before in my life.
Mr. Griffin. If there is anything else that you think we haven’t
covered here that comes to your mind after this deposition is
concluded, we would appreciate it if you would let us know. And if it
is something of importance, we might want to talk to you again.
But I certainly want to thank you for coming here and taking
your time. I realize you people are all busy, and it is an imposition to
take you away from your work, and we certainly are very grateful
that you are willing to take out this time and appear before us and
give us this information.
Mr. Beers. Thank you, Mr. Griffin, you are very welcome.
Mr. Griffin. It is a pleasure to have met you.
Mr. Beers. I wish I could help you a lot more.
Mr. Griffin. This is rather a methodical process we have to go
through talking to people, but you are all finished.
Mr. Beers. Thank you very much.

TESTIMONY OF ROBERT LEONARD
HANKAL
The testimony of Robert Leonard Hankal was taken at 10:25
a.m., on April 17, 1964, in the office of the U.S. attorney, 301 Post
Office Building, Bryan and Ervay Streets, Dallas, Tex., by Mr. Leon D.
Hubert, Jr., assistant counsel of the President’s Commission.
Mr. Hubert. This is the deposition of Robert Leonard Hankal.
Mr. Hankal, my name is Leon Hubert. I’m a member of the
advisory staff of the general counsel of the President’s Commission
created under the provisions of Executive Order 11130, dated
November 29, 1963, and the Joint Resolution of Congress No. 137,
and rules of procedure adopted by the Commission in conformance
with the Executive order and the joint resolution and I have been
authorized to take a sworn deposition from you.
I state to you now Mr. Hankal that the general nature of the
Commission’s inquiry is to ascertain, evaluate and report upon facts
relating to the assassination of President Kennedy and the
subsequent violent death of Lee Harvey Oswald.
In particular as to you, Mr. Hankal, the nature of the inquiry
today is to determine what facts you know about the death of
Oswald and any other pertinent facts you may know about the
general inquiry.
Mr. Hankal. Yes, sir.

Mr. Hubert. Mr. Hankal, you are appearing here today as a result
of a letter received by you, signed by Mr. J. Lee Rankin, the general
counsel for the President’s Commission; is that correct?
Mr. Hankal. That is correct.
Mr. Hubert. Is it correct that you received that letter more than 3
days from this date?
Mr. Hankal. That’s right.
Mr. Hubert. Will you stand and raise your right hand and be
sworn? Do you solemnly swear that the testimony you are about to
give will be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so
help you God?
Mr. Hankal. I do.
Mr. Hubert. Will you state your name?
Mr. Hankal. Robert Leonard Hankal.
Mr. Hubert. Your age?
Mr. Hankal. Thirty-two.
Mr. Hubert. Your residence?
Mr. Hankal. 3305 McKinney (No. 1).
Mr. Hubert. And your occupation?
Mr. Hankal. I am a director of KRLD Television.
Mr. Hubert. How long have you been so employed?
Mr. Hankal. I have been at KRLD for around 2 years. I have been
a director since January.
Mr. Hubert. Were you on duty in connection with your occupation
at the city hall on November 23, 1963?
Mr. Hankal. I was.
Mr. Hubert. And I think you were there also on the 24th of
November?

Mr. Hubert. Now, I have handed you a report of an interview of
you by special agents of the FBI Quigley and Dallman, dated
December 3, 1963, which I have marked in the right hand margin—
endorsed as follows: “Dallas, Tex., April 17, 1964, Exhibit 5337,
Deposition of R. L. Hankal.” I have signed my name below that and
on the second and third pages I have placed my initials in the lower
right-hand corner.
Mr. Hankal have you had an opportunity to read this Exhibit
5337?
Mr. Hankal. I have.
Mr. Hubert. That would be just a moment ago; is that correct?
Mr. Hubert. Do you think that this Exhibit 5337 is a fair and
correct record of the interview had between you and the FBI agents?
Mr. Hankal. It is with one exception, if I can make a note of that?
Mr. Hubert. Yes.
Mr. Hankal. I did see Jack Ruby shoot him—I didn’t know what
was happening.
Mr. Hubert. Now, what sentence are you talking about?
Mr. Hankal. This one—“The first reaction was that Oswald had
grabbed a police officer’s gun. He also recalls seeing a man’s back
directly in front of him obstructing his view of Oswald, and seemed
to recall that immediately preceding that he had observed a blur of
movement out of the corner of his eye,”—we didn’t go into it at the
time—they were interested in my activity more than anything else,
when this interview was held.
Mr. Hubert. Let me go into this and get it identified here in the
record—you are speaking of this sentence—this is the sentence in
the second paragraph on page 2 and the sentence reads as follows:

“The first reaction was that Oswald had grabbed the police officer’s
gun. He also recalled seeing a man’s back directly in front of him
obstructing his view of Oswald, and seemed to recall that
immediately preceding that he had observed a blur of movement out
of the corner of his eye.”
Mr. Hankal. This is all correct, but it should be added also—I did
see—I know that man I later found out was Jack Ruby shoot
Oswald.
Mr. Hubert. In other words, you saw more than a blur—that’s
what you have in mind?
Mr. Hankal. Yes; I saw——
Mr. Hubert. You saw a blur first?
Mr. Hankal. And then the action.
Mr. Hubert. And then your attention was directed to the action by
the blur?
Mr. Hankal. Right.
Mr. Hubert. So, actually, you saw a man coming?
Mr. Hankal. Yes.
Mr. Hubert. Where was he coming from?
Mr. Hankal. To my right.
Mr. Hubert. How far away was he?
Mr. Hankal. I believe since I made that statement it has been
paced off and set at about 9 feet.
Mr. Hubert. Now, in order that we may have a graphic record of
the matter, I am showing you a chart of the basement area, and you
are now sitting before the FBI mockup of substantially the same
area except that it doesn’t cover all the parking area.
I have marked that chart as follows: “Dallas, Tex., April 17, 1964,
Exhibit 5338, Deposition of R. L. Hankal,” and I have signed my

name on it.
Now, before we go into positions to be marked on that map,
may I ask you how long you had been in the basement area prior to
the shooting?
Mr. Hankal. Somewhere around 2 or 3 hours and the night
before.
Mr. Hubert. Had you ever seen Ruby around at any time?
Mr. Hankal. Not that I recall.
Mr. Hubert. Did you know him?
Mr. Hankal. No; I didn’t.
Mr. Hubert. And when you testified a moment ago that you saw
the man Ruby shoot Oswald, is it correct to state that you did not at
that time know that the man doing the shooting was Jack Ruby?
Mr. Hankal. That’s correct.
Mr. Hubert. Well, now, you did assume a position in the
basement for some time prior to the actual shooting and it was a
rather static position, wasn’t it?
Mr. Hankal. The evening before we were positioned directly
across from the jail office door. The next day when we came to
work, we moved our camera across the ramp down into the parking
area.
Mr. Hubert. Back of the rail?
Mr. Hankal. Back of the rail—we were shooting between the rails.
Mr. Hubert. Where were you, in fact, standing at the moment of
the shooting? I ask you to place the spot first on the mockup and I
give you the chart to mark a point at which you were standing after
you fixed the point on the mockup.
Mr. Hankal. My camera was here just to the left of this center
pole and shooting between the rails—we have a long vertical zoom

lens and it stuck out between the rails—I was standing outside of
the rail of the ramp to the left of the lens.
Mr. Hubert. Would you mark on this chart where you were
standing?
Mr. Hankal. I was standing here [indicating and marking on the
chart referred to].
Mr. Hubert. Now, you have marked a place “X”. Now, put it in a
circle, and I am drawing a line and writing the following “position of
Hankal at time of shooting” is that correct?
Mr. Hankal. That’s correct.
Mr. Hubert. The camera was to your rear and left, is that right?
Mr. Hubert. To your right or to your left?
Mr. Hubert. So that the camera would have been approximately
like this?
Mr. Hubert. I am drawing a square in which I am marking an “A”
and I am drawing a line out and writing “position of live camera”—it
was a live camera?
Mr. Hubert. What is the station?
Mr. Hankal. KRLD.
Mr. Hubert. “KRLD”.
It was there at all pertinent times—right?
Mr. Hankal. We moved and shot up here after the shots were
fired.

Mr. Hubert. But before the shots were fired, that’s where you
were?
Mr. Hankal. That’s right—before the shots were fired that’s where
we were.
Mr. Hubert. Then, at all pertinent times prior to the shooting you
were there?
Mr. Hankal. Right.
Mr. Hubert. The camera itself was back of the rail into the
parking area—you were in front of the rail on the ramp?
Mr. Hankal. On the ramp in front of the rail—right.
Mr. Hubert. Do you know Jim Turner?
Mr. Hankal. No; I don’t.
Mr. Hubert. Do you know George Phenix?
Mr. Hankal. Yes.
Mr. Hubert. Was he there too?
Mr. Hankal. Oh, yes.
Mr. Hubert. What was the relative position between you and
George?
Mr. Hankal. George was to my right, I believe, he was still here.
Mr. Hubert. Now, I am marking a position which you have
designated on the mockup as being approximately where I am
putting the letter “P” for Phenix, is that about right?
Mr. Hankal. That’s as I last saw him before the shooting.
Mr. Hubert. And I am drawing a line and writing “Phenix position
according to Hankal,” is that right?
Mr. Hankal. Correct.
Mr. Hubert. Do you know a man by the name of Huffaker?

Mr. Hankal. I do.
Mr. Hubert. Who is he?
Mr. Hankal. He is a newsman at KRLD.
Mr. Hubert. Where was he standing?
Mr. Hankal. Well, the last time I saw Bob before the shooting, he
was just outside and to the left of the jail office door.
Mr. Hubert. How long before the shooting was that?
Mr. Hankal. Perhaps 5 or 6 minutes before it.
Mr. Hubert. You didn’t see him at the time of the shooting?
Mr. Hankal. No; I didn’t. After the shooting he came to our
camera for instructions.
Mr. Hubert. When they brought Oswald down, was any
announcement made of it at the moment?
Mr. Hankal. Not outside of just a cry from a newsman that said,
“He’s coming.” That’s the only announcement I ever heard.
Mr. Hubert. And then immediately thereafter the parties escorting
him began to come through?
Mr. Hankal. Appeared at the door and came through.
Mr. Hubert. Can you tell us what was the reaction at the time
Oswald actually appeared into view of the news people and the
police and so forth?
Mr. Hankal. Well, the physical things that happened was there
was a stir—some of the movie cameras lights—they need more lights
than the television cameras do, some of their lights came on, strobe
lights came on and cameras began to click. It was—at the moment
not very noisy as it had been—a little, oh, a hush fell over us.
Mr. Hubert. Isn’t it a fact that prior to the shooting, immediately
prior to the shooting there was a general surge forward?
Mr. Hankal. Just prior to the shooting?

Mr. Hubert. Yes.
Mr. Hankal. Yes—I would say.
Mr. Hubert. I mean that there was a general movement—a step
or two forward by each person—that made a surge?
Mr. Hankal. A moving forward, leaning forward, of all bodies.
Mr. Hubert. And it was almost immediately thereafter or
contemporaneously with it that Jack Ruby brushed through the
crowd, is that correct?
Mr. Hankal. Within the same action.
Mr. Hubert. You had not seen him standing there before?
Mr. Hankal. No; I hadn’t.
Mr. Hubert. You don’t know how he got in?
Mr. Hankal. I don’t.
Mr. Hubert. Were you present at the showup of Oswald which
took place on the night of November 22 in the assembly room of the
police department when the press and other news media
representatives were allowed to see Oswald?
Mr. Hankal. Yes.
Mr. Hubert. Did you see Jack Ruby in that crowd?
Mr. Hankal. No; I didn’t.
Mr. Hubert. Did you hear anyone say anything from the rear to
Oswald?
Mr. Hankal. Well, what do you mean?
Mr. Hubert. Well, specifically——
Mr. Hankal. There were a lot of questions, a lot of people were
asking him questions; yes.
Mr. Hubert. Were there any answers?

Mr. Hankal. Yes; he answered some of them—yes—one of them
was “I haven’t killed anyone,” was one of his answers, and I didn’t
hear that question. I believe the question was, “Did you shoot the
President?” But if you are asking me if I heard Jack Ruby say
anything to Oswald, I did not.
Mr. Hubert. Did you see anyone standing on a table toward the
rear of the room?
Mr. Hankal. I did not—well, there were people standing on tables
in the back of the room; yes.
Mr. Hubert. Did you observe them?
Mr. Hankal. I did see that there were people on tables, but
excuse me—I am anticipating your question.
Mr. Hubert. Can you tell me whether you can say definitely one
way or the other that among those people standing on tables was
Jack Ruby?
Mr. Hankal. No; I can’t tell you that I saw him to recognize him.
I’m sure I saw him if he was up there, but wherever he was I must
have seen him.
Mr. Hubert. But your point, as I understand it, is that you did see
some people standing?
Mr. Hankal. Right.
Mr. Hubert. On tables?
Mr. Hubert. Whether any of those people was Jack Ruby you
cannot say one way or the other?
Mr. Hankal. That’s right, I didn’t know the man.
Mr. Hubert. And after you got to know him, your recollection
doesn’t place him at all?
Mr. Hankal. It does not.

Mr. Hubert. Now, have you been interviewed by any other
member of the President’s Commission prior to this?
Mr. Hankal. No; I have not.
Mr. Hubert. I believe that’s all. Thank you very much.
Mr. Hankal. Thank you.

TESTIMONY OF ROBERT S.
HUFFAKER, JR.
The testimony of Robert S. Huffaker, Jr., was taken at 4:25 p.m.,
on April 16, 1964, in the office of the U.S. attorney, 301 Post Office
Building, Bryan and Ervay Streets, Dallas, Tex., by Mr. Leon D.
Hubert, Jr., assistant counsel of the President’s Commission.
Mr. Hubert. Mr. Huffaker, my name is Leon Hubert. I’m a member
of the advisory staff of the general counsel of the President’s
Commission. Under the provisions of Executive Order 11130, dated
November 29, 1963, and the Joint Resolution of Congress No. 137
and rules of procedure adopted by the Commission in conformance
with that Executive order and joint resolution, I have been
authorized to take a sworn statement from you.
I state to you now that the general nature of the Commission’s
inquiry is to ascertain, evaluate and report upon facts relating to the
assassination of President Kennedy and the subsequent violent
death of Lee Harvey Oswald.
In particular as to you, Mr. Huffaker, the nature of the inquiry
today is to determine what facts you know about the death of
Oswald and any other pertinent facts you may know about the
general inquiry, and about the activities of one Jack Ruby.
Mr. Huffaker, I think you have appeared here today as a result of
a written request addressed to you by Mr. J. Lee Rankin, general
counsel of the President’s Commission; is that a fact?
Mr. Huffaker. Yes.

Mr. Hubert. Did you receive that written notice more than 3 days
from today?
Mr. Huffaker. Yes; I did.
Mr. Hubert. Now, will you rise and be sworn?
Do you solemnly swear the testimony you are about to give will
be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help you
God?
Mr. Huffaker. I do.
Mr. Hubert. Will you state your name, please?
Mr. Huffaker. Robert S. Huffaker, Jr.
Mr. Hubert. How old are you, sir?
Mr. Huffaker. I am 27.
Mr. Hubert. What is your residence?
Mr. Huffaker. My residence is 4700 Eastside Avenue.
Mr. Hubert. Dallas?
Mr. Huffaker. Apartment 121, Dallas, and it has changed since
these statements were made.
Mr. Hubert. What is your occupation, sir?
Mr. Huffaker. Radio television newsman.
Mr. Hubert. How long have you been so occupied?
Mr. Huffaker. Well, I have been in radio and television for,
excluding a 6 months’ term in the Army, for 7 years.
Mr. Hubert. How long have you been with KRLD?
Mr. Huffaker. I have been with KRLD since May 1963.
Mr. Hubert. Were you with another television or radio station
prior to that time?
Mr. Huffaker. Yes; I was with KBTX-TV in Bryan.

Mr. Hubert. Bryan, Tex.?
Mr. Huffaker. Yes.
Mr. Hubert. And how long were you with them?
Mr. Huffaker. I was with them for about 2½ years.
Mr. Hubert. Now, on November 24, 1963, were you on duty with
your employer?
Mr. Huffaker. Yes, sir; I was.
Mr. Hubert. Were you in the Dallas police basement?
Mr. Huffaker. Yes; I was.
Mr. Hubert. Now, Mr. Huffaker, I have shown you two documents,
the first being a report of an interview with you on November 28,
1963, by FBI Agents Hardin and Rawlings [spelling] R-a-w-l-i-n-g-s,
which I have marked for identification as “Dallas, Tex., April 16,
1964, Exhibit 5331, Deposition of R. S. Huffaker,” and I have signed
my name on it.
Mr. Huffaker. Be sure that that’s “Jr.” because I’ve got a father
with the same name.
Mr. Hubert. All right, I shall add that, and I have signed my
name, and since the document contains two pages, I have placed
my initials on the right-hand bottom of the second page.
The other document is also a report of an interview of you by
FBI Agents Pinkston [spelling] P-i-n-k-s-t-o-n, and Brown, on
November 30, 1963, upon which I have endorsed the following,
“Dallas, Tex., April 16, 1964, Exhibit 5332, deposition of R. S.
Huffaker, Jr.”
I have signed my name below that and on the second page I
have placed my initials in the lower right-hand corner.
I now ask you if you have had an opportunity to read both of
those exhibits, numbers 5331 and 5332?
Mr. Huffaker. Yes, sir; I have.

Mr. Hubert. Can you tell us whether those two exhibits are
correct reports of the interviews had with you by the FBI agents
mentioned?
Mr. Huffaker. With a few very, very minor exceptions.
Mr. Hubert. All right, will you take first the exhibit which has been
identified as No. 5331 and state what corrections you wish to be
made to that statement?
Mr. Huffaker. First of all, in the second line as it first appears and
in its subsequent appearances the call letters of my station are
incorrect. It should be—rather than KLRD—it should be KRLD.
Mr. Hubert. And that’s true throughout the document, if it
appears as KLRD it should be KRLD?
Mr. Huffaker. Right—that’s correct.
Mr. Hubert. Have you any other changes or corrections to make?
Mr. Huffaker. Well, just to be exactly specific, the last sentence in
the second paragraph.
Mr. Hubert. Now, that sentence reads as follows: “He even noted
they were checking police automobiles parked in the area.” Now,
addressing yourself to that sentence, what comment do you wish to
make?
Mr. Huffaker. Well, it should be—it should have referred to the
fact that I did note Sergeant Putnam check a police van which was
driven down into the basement.
Mr. Hubert. And that’s the only vehicle that you saw them check?
Mr. Huffaker. That’s the only one that I saw them check.
Mr. Hubert. So, that you think that the quoted sentence is too
broad in that it intimates you saw them checking several
automobiles, whereas, in fact, you had reference there to only one,
as you have identified it a moment ago?

Mr. Huffaker. That’s correct, and to expand a little bit further
toward this—I did note that they were checking all over the
basement, and I’m sure that they were checking the vehicles down
there, but I did not specifically note them doing so.
Mr. Hubert. Well, perhaps it would be helpful to you if you would
explain what you saw which prompts you now to say that they were
checking all over the basement, what then were they doing, in fact?
Mr. Huffaker. Well, I saw Sergeant Putnam and Sergeant Dean
and—oh, a fairly good sized number of uniformed officers who were
walking around the basement area from one end to another and
they were searching the basement.
Mr. Hubert. How were they searching, what were they actually
doing?
Mr. Huffaker. Well, they were just looking—I cannot say definitely
that they were looking in cars, because I really didn’t pay that close
attention, but they were looking in various portions of the basement
and I was well aware that they were searching the basement.
Mr. Hubert. In other words, the impression of their activities you
gained was that it was a search party?
Mr. Huffaker. Right.
Mr. Hubert. All right, have you any other comments to make
about Exhibit No. 5331?
Mr. Huffaker. Let me say just off the record—this sentence here is
incorrect [indicating].
Mr. Hubert. Well, let’s stay on the record and let me read the
sentence.
“His eyes were focused on Oswald as he approached the
automobile which was to transport him to the county jail and when
the shot rang out, he looked toward Oswald as the latter fell to the
floor.”
What comment have you to make as to that quoted sentence?

Mr. Huffaker. My eyes were focused on the automobile which was
to transport Oswald to the county jail as it was being backed into
position. I had looked at Oswald when he first emerged from the
door, but when the car began to back up, then I looked at it.
Mr. Hubert. Now, when the car began to back up and you looked
at it, in what direction did it cause you to look, to your left or to your
right?
Mr. Huffaker. When I looked at the car?
Mr. Hubert. Yes.
Mr. Huffaker. To my left.
Mr. Hubert. All right, any other comments?
Mr. Huffaker. The remainder of the sentence is correct, because
when the shot rang out, then I did look towards Oswald.
Mr. Hubert. Are there any other corrections to be made as to
Exhibit No. 5331?
Mr. Huffaker. No, sir; to the best of my knowledge the remainder
of it is correct.
Mr. Hubert. All right. Now, I ask you to look at the document
which has been previously identified as Exhibit 5332, and state
whether it is a true and correct copy—report on the interview had of
you by Special Agents Pinkston and Brown on November 30, 1963?
Mr. Huffaker. The first sentence of the second paragraph could be
slightly misleading.
Mr. Hubert. Now, let’s identify that sentence—it reads as
follows——
Mr. Huffaker. I beg your pardon, it’s the third paragraph.
Mr. Hubert. All right, the quote is as follows:
“On the morning of November 24, 1963, he was assigned to get
the story of the transfer of Lee Harvey Oswald from the Dallas City

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