Textbook analysis : By Asst. Prof. Pratibha Dabhade-Raysoni

Presented by
Prof. Pratibha Dabhade_Raysoni
MIT S.D.B.ED. College, Alandi (D),
Pune, Maharashtra,
India
Asst. Prof. Pratibha Dabhade-Raysoni 1

4. Text-book
3. Syllabus
2.Curriculum
1.National objectives
Do you find any connection between following 4 tabs ?

Continue…
Yes.. There is strong connection between national
objectives, curriculum, syllabus and text book.
• National objectives are framed in the beginning.
Secondly the curriculum is designed, with the help of
curriculum, the syllabus is designed. And at last
considering the national objectives, curriculum and
syllabus a “text-book” is prepared.

Introduction
• The objectives of each school stage are different. According to those
objectives, the curriculum is organized and drafted.
• The syllabus of each standard is prepared in the light of the curriculum.
• Text-book is written according to the objectives & specification stated in
the syllabus. Means textbook should necessarily reflect its syllabus.
And objectives of the syllabus are achieved through the study of its
textbook. Therefore co-ordination between the syllabus and its textbook
is essential.

• Text book provides various situations to the learners.
Essentially text books are for students & not for
teachers. But most of the teachers are using text books.
For teacher, there are hand books to be used.
Continue…

Text-book: definitions & meaning
1. ‘Text-book can be called as teacher in print for the
students’.
2. ‘Text-book is a prescribed book for the particular
standard & subject in which the essential subject matter
is given for self-reading purpose at home or classroom
& there is evaluation scheme given for the self
evaluation with exercises’.

3. “Text-book is half of the apparatus of teaching”
- Kating
4. “A text-book is a teacher of a teacher.”
- Dr. Thring
5. “Text-book is a manual of instruction or standard book in
a branch of study”.
- Oxford dictionary.
Continue…

Importance of Text-book
• It makes teaching of subject systematically.
• It present in concrete form the limited portion of the
language/any subject to be taught in a given time.
• It help student for self study.
• It also serve as index for academic achievement.
• It serve as memory aid for a teachers.
• It help in supplementing pupils learning experience.

Qualities of good text-book
1. Academic
2. Technical

From the academic point of view:
• Teaching is based on the objectives of the teaching
subject.
• It present structures and vocabulary items (English). The
total number of structures and vocabulary items to be
introduced in a particular stage must be equally
distributed among the lessons.
• A good text-book introduced only the required number of
unfamiliar words in equal distribution.

• A good text-book presents interesting reading
material . The selection of the material should be
based on child’s age , aptitudes emotions and all
the relevant psychological needs. It must contain
variety.
• A good text book offers graded material
functional grammar, language work, composition.
• Linguistic content must be properly graded and
language skills must be given due consideration.

From the technical point of view:
• A text book should be neatly and artistically printed,
preferably in monotype. The type used should be
sufficiently bold.
• A few colored pages should be there in the book.
• Binding should be attractive and durable.
• The price of the book should be within the reach of even
the most average child.
• It should be fully illustrated. The illustrations should be
drawn correctly, relevant to the situations presented in
the reading material.

Advantages of text-book
• They are cheap and economical.
• They organize and provide uniformity for class
instructions.
• They stimulate active learning.
• They develop the skill of teachers and they stimulates
self directed activities of the students.
• They facilitate individual instructions.

Difference between Traditional text-books & Qualitative
textbooks (Structurally graded text-book)
Qualitative Text – books Traditional Text - books
 The structures are well Selected &
graded on the basis of certain
principles.
 No such selection & gradation of
structures is taken into
consideration.
 Vocabulary used in the book is
well Selected & graded.
 There is no selection & Gradation
of vocabulary.
 More stress is laid on spoken
aspect of this type of syllabus fully
realize. The importance of speech
in Language-learning.
 More stress is laid on reading &
less on speaking.

 There is frequent use of
illustrations.
 Illustrations are used very
rarely.
 Lot of repetition of the
structures & vocabulary
contained in the lesson.
 No such kind of repetition is
There.
 Emphasis is laid on teaching
the of Various language skills.
 Do not aim at the acquisition of
various skills.
 Detailed exercises at the end of
lessons.
 Too much emphasis on
exercises.
 Generally, teachers tests are
available along with the book
meant for the students.
 No such teachers test is
available.
Continue…

Evaluation of the textbook
• The textbook is the book which includes content
knowledge for studying the prescribed study-subject,
which provide reading material to students for learning of
the subject and which can be used for teaching. The
text-book provides guidance and directions to students in
their learning, and to teachers in their teaching.

Analysis of text-book
• Two criteria's
External aspects
Internal aspects

While analyzing the text book critically
teacher should consider following factors.

 Cover page
 Back page
 Paper size & quality.
 Size & spacing of letters
 Size & thickness of the
book.
 Binding & its
nature.(attractive &
durable)
 Margins.
 Pictures & diagrams.
 Paragraphs.
 Attractiveness.
• Price of book.
• Updatation.
• Editing of the pages.
• Space between two lines &
points.
• Structure of the tables,
graphs, pictures.
• Color of the book.
• Compactness of the book
etc.
a) External factors/Exterior factors/ Material
considerations : -

1. Text book in accordance with syllabus.
2. Achievement of objectives.
3. Index
4. Arrangement of subject areas or topics in the textbook.
A. Subject area
B. Logical & psychological sequence of the units.
C. Proper figures, pictures, formula, graph, and charts
D. Use of maxims
E. Organization of topic and example from daily life ,
F. Core elements and values, Sufficient examples &
Illustrations
G. Language
H. Practical's and activities
I. Exercises.
5. Physical factors – first edition, period, members of the board of the studies, committee
of writers, publication, cover design artist, printing etc.
b) Interior parts/Internal factors of the
textbook : -

 For Language subject
1. Vocabulary and linguistic items: broadly speaking two
types of linguistic items are covered in the book i.e.
morphology and grammar. Book does not include
grammar exercises for its own sake.
2. Conductive for language objective : helpful for
acquiring the language the language objectives like,
listening, speaking, reading and writing.
3. Glossary: a list of technical and special words,
specially those occurring in a particular text, explaining
their meanings.
4. Style of language: should be simple and colloquial

While analyzing the text book critically teacher
should consider following
A. External Factors
1.Cover page:
The cover page should be fascination enough to
attract the students to the textbook. The pictures drawn on
the cover page should be related to the textual units and
should be meaningful.
2. Back cover page:
The pictures given on the back cover page should
be meaningful and relevant to the textual contents.
3. Paper size & quality.:
paper size should be proper as per the age level of
the students. Good quality and white paper should be used.

4. Size & spacing of letters :
Size of the letter should be suitable to level of
students. Spacing between two letters should be proper.
5. Size & thickness of the book.
Size of the book should be proper because it needs
to last for a year at least. It should not go loose.
Thickness of the book should be as per the level of the
student.
6. Binding & its nature.
Textbooks that have been perfectly bound are easy
to stack and store. It is attractive & durable.

7. Margins-
Margins should be proper. The Margins of a book
refer to the blank spaces that surround the printed content
of each page. Each page in the book will have a top
margin, a bottom margin, an inner margin and an outer
margin. They also help separate and balance the content of
facing pages.
For bound text books 6"x 9" or smaller, use 0.5"
margins on the top, outside and bottom of books, and a
0.75" inside margin.
For 8.5"x11" documents, use 1-inch margins. Adjust
margins, font size, and columns to produce 65-70
characters per line (including spaces)

8. Pictures & diagrams:
Large enough and should not be fade.
9. Paragraphs
Number and paragraph length varies as per the
chapter length,
10. Attractiveness
Textbook should be seen attractive.
11. Updatation
Textbook should be updated time to time.

13. Space between two lines & points.
Lines should be 1.5 or double spaced with no extra
spaces between paragraphs. Single space between
sentences after periods. Indent new paragraphs and each
new section of dialogue, with the exception of the opening
paragraph of a chapter or scene break.
14. Structure of the tables, graphs, pictures etc.
It should be adequate in no.
Visual elements such as graphs, charts, tables,
photographs, diagrams, and maps capture your students
attention and help them to understand ideas more fully.

.
15. Color of the book
As per the age level of the students
Colour plays a big role in creating the look and feel of any book
cover design. The dominant colors in an image influence mood and
play a role in creating the contrast necessary to draw attention to the
design. In addition to black and white, which work great for copy, most
book covers look best with two or three colors. Complementary colors
(those found opposite one another on the color wheel) create energy
and punch, while analogous colors (those next to one another on the
color wheel) provide tranquility and harmony.
Complementary Colors Analogous Colors
Red and Green Yellow, Orange, and Red
Blue and Orange Red, Purple, and Blue
Yellow and Purple Blue, Green, and Yellow

11. Price:
The price of the text-book depends on the quality of
paper, printing cost and other expenditure in its
production process. Its price should be reasonable and
affordable because the text-book is the only source
material for the student belonging to different economic
strata.
16. Compactness of the book etc.
Compactness means the quality of having all the
necessary components or features neatly fitted into a
small space.

1. Text book in accordance with syllabus
The syllabus should be reflected properly in the
textbook. As per the scope of the units included in the
syllabus textbook should be prepared.
2. Curriculum and achievement of objectives
The textual content should include all the syllabus contents
prescribed for a specific standard. Proper learning
experiences, illustrations and examples according to the
curriculum should be included in the textbook.
3. Index
It should mention sections, units, sub points and the page
numbers to facilitate quick reference work by the students.
While analyzing the text book critically teacher
should consider following
A. Internal Factors

4. Arrangement of subject areas or topics in the textbook.
A. Subject area
Subject areas should be correct and accurate.
B. Logical & psychological sequence of the units
While organizing subject areas, logical & psychological
sequence of the units should be taken into consideration. It create
interest in learning. And psychological developments of students
takes place.
C. Use of maxims
The maxims such as known to unknown, from easy to
difficult should be followed.
D. Proper figures, pictures, formula, graph, and charts
Proper figures, pictures, formula, graph and charts
should be used for quick understanding of the topics.

E. Organization of topic and example from daily life
In organization of topics, examples from daily life and
the points for observation should be mentioned at the proper places.
F. Core elements and values, Sufficient examples &
Illustrations
The textbook should contain proper examples and
illustrations for inculcating the ten core elements and values.
G. Language
The language of the textbook should be simple and
suitable for learners. The technical terms should be meaningful and
acceptable to all. There should be a list of all the technical terms
supplied at the end of the book.

H. Practical's and activities
It should suggest practical's and activities for the
students. There should also the details of arrangement and procedures
of experiments.
I. Exercises.
Exercises are meant for reinforcement. Each chapter
should conclude with exercises and activities for students. They should
include essay type, short answer type, objective type questions activity
oriented exercises, observation etc. Such exercises develop scientific
attitude and skills.
5. Physical factors – first edition, period, members of the board of the
studies, committee of writers, publication, cover design artist, printing
etc.

Textbook analysis : By Asst. Prof. Pratibha Dabhade-Raysoni

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Textbook analysis : By Asst. Prof. Pratibha Dabhade-Raysoni