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The Art of the Possible
Dr. Jim Webber
Chief Scientist, Neo4j
The Art of the Possible with Graphs
The Art of the Possible with Graphs
PRECEEDED PRECEEDED PRECEEDED
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ENEMY
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ENEMY
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REPORTS_TO
FOUGHT_IN
FOUGHT_IN
British Victory
The Art of the Possible with Graphs
British Victory
The Art of the Possible with Graphs
The Art of the Possible with Graphs
The Art of the Possible with Graphs
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Legacy approaches
are not optimized to
handle the shift
to connected data
Imagine you have to
“normalize” this data
into a relational
database with SQL
Previous data technology can’t
tackle today’s challenges
The world is changing
The world is changing
As things get more connected, data does too
The world is changing
Knowledge, not just data, is a competitive advantage
Gen AI Fraud Supply Chains Medicine Space Travel
Gen AI Fraud Supply Chains Medicine Space Travel
The insights are latent
in your data’s connections
Index-Free Adjacency: Fast, Flexible, Scalable
Relational Database
Person Person-Friend Friend
Native Graph Database
Graph databases
natively store and
query relationships
Data model purpose-built for connected data
Balance of schema flexibility and structure
Powerful and productive query language
Connectedness and Size of Data Set
Response
Time
Relational and
other NoSQL
databases
Native Graph Database
1000x Advantage
5+ hops
3+ degrees
Thousands of connections
0 to 2 hops
0 to 3 degrees
Few connections
Performance Advantage of Graph as # of Joins Increase
From Minutes to Milliseconds
Uncovering relationships
in connected data is key to
deeper understanding of
Context
Behavior
Preferences
Uncovering relationships
in connected data is driving
game-changing innovation
Enabling extraordinary outcomes
Powering applications that are impossible
with other technologies
Graph Transactions, Storage &
Querying
Graph Analytics, ML,
& Data Science
Intelligent Operational Systems Better Predictions for Analytics
Neo4j Differentiation
Neo4j Database built for Operational and Analytical Workloads
Graph Applications
(System of Record Applications)
Application Stack
Real-time Messaging & Processing
(Clickstream, IOT, CDC etc)
Developer
Intelligent apps
Data Analyst
Query and analyze
Biz Analyst
Visual Analytics
Data Scientist
Algorithms and features
Data engineer
Get clean, useful data
ML Engineer
ML Ops
Data Platform
(Data Platforms-Snowflake, BigQuery,
Databricks)
AI/ML Ops
BI Platforms
Graph Analytics & Analytical Apps
(Real-time applications, visualizations
and algorithms)
Powered by
Market Trends
Modern Data Platform
ChatGPT is just ONE Year Old!
KGs LLMs
+
BETTER TOGETHER
+
Combine explicit and implicit relationships for
reliable and contextual answers
LLMs for
language generation
Retrieval Augmented
Generation
Knowledge Graph
Construction
Neo4j Inc. All rights reserved 2023
LLMs for language generation
Generate
personalized
Natural Language
experiences
Prompt
(Description of desired text
with personalized data)
Response
(Generated
personalized Text)
LLM API
User Experience
(e.g. Email, custom Ad)
Enterprise App
(gets context from KG)
Knowledge
graph
LLMs for language generation
Retrieval Augmented Generation
User
Embedding
models
LLMs
Operational
database
Prompt
(Description
of desired
text with
personalized
data)
GenAI
app
Grounding with
Retrieval
Augmented
Generation (RAG)
Retrieval Augmented Generation
Retrieval Augmented Generation
Natural Language
Search on
unstructured data
using implicit
relationship
Prompt +
Relevant
Information
LLM
Embeddings API LLM
Chat API
User
Vector Search
Prompt Response
Relevant Results
/ Documents
Embedding
2
3
1
Vector Index
Retrieval Augmented Generation
Grounding LLM Responses with Implicit and
Explicit Search Through Knowledge Graph
User Question Vector
Vector Index
LLM
(Embedding Model)
Application
LLM
Smart Search
Explicit and Implicit
Results
Similarity
Search
Implicit Results
Explicit results in a Neo4j
knowledge graph
Natural Language
Results
Retrieval Augmented Generation
The Art of the Possible with Graphs
LLM Accuracy
Vector-Only RAG
Use Case Maturity (time)
Vector + Graph RAG
Business value
unlocked with
graphs
Use
Case
Effectiveness
This is just the beginning
The fusion of AI and graphs will be amazing
This is just the beginning
Researchers are leading the way
LLMs hallucinate in
interesting and
potentially troubling
ways
[Yejin Choi et al, U Washington]
LLMs hallucinate by in
interesting and
potentially troubling
ways
[Yejin Choi et al, U Washington]
Knowledge model 435x smaller and 16% better than raw LLM
New techniques
promise a revolution
in creating better and
smaller LLMs
[Yejin Choi et al, U Washington]
The future is connected
The future is connected
Rethink what’s possible
250K data pros
Join our
Global Community
Enroll in
GraphAcademy
20K completed courses
Attend
NODES 2023
24 hours, 10K+ attendees
OCT 26th
Thank you
Dr. Jim Webber
jim.webber@neo4j.com

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The Art of the Possible with Graphs