The play follows Popova, a widow who is still in mourning seven months after her husband's death. Her servant Luka urges her to stop mourning and engage with others again. Smirnov visits to collect a debt from Popova's late husband. They angrily insult each other's character and sex. Their argument escalates until Smirnov challenges Popova to a duel, though neither intends to fire. Unexpectedly, Smirnov professes his love for Popova, and she accepts, abandoning her mourning in a sudden change of heart.