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The Cold War - the Korean war
- 2. LEARNING INTENTIONS • Describeevents during the Korean War • Explain why the Korean War helped start the Cold War
- 3. Tensions between theUSA and USSR did not just exist in Europe, they extended to other parts of the world too, such as Asia.
- 4. During the late1940s, the USA and USSR were involved in various disputes across Europe. The USA developed a policy of Containment – to stop the expansion of Communism into any new areas.
- 5. Within Europe the Containmentpolicy included actions such as the Marshall Plan. This was designed to stop European countries suffering from the effects of war being attracted to Communism.
- 6. Japan ruled Koreabut lost control after the end of World War Two. The USSR invaded the north of Korea during the war; the USA sent soldiers into the south. Both areas had their own separate governments.
- 7. In June 1950,North Korean forces invaded the south. The USA feared the Domino Theory (if all Korea turned Communist so would the rest of Asia) especially after China became Communist in 1949.
- 8. North Korea wasgiven military support by China and the Soviet Union. The United Nations (led by the USA) then sent troops into South Korea to stop the North, and prevent Communism's spread.
- 9. During the firstyear of war both sides made and lost ground; control of Seoul (a major city in the south) changed on numerous occasions. From 1951 onwards both sides were largely kept in their own areas, with little progress.
- 10. There were anumber of major battles during the Korean War. The Battle of Inchon in 1950 was a major victory for the United Nations, giving them control of Seoul. This started out as an amphibious invasion by UN forces.
- 11. In the 1951Battle of Imjin River, British forces fought a stronger Chinese army but held their ground. Chinese troops had more success at the 1950 Battle of Chosin Reservoir saw them defeat UN soldiers.
- 12. Most of theKorean War took place on land although there were sea and air battles too. Various aerial dogfights took place, often involving Soviet MiG-15 fighters, and US F-86 Sabre jets, including in the ‘MiG-Alley’ area.
- 13. There were naval battlestoo, such as at the Battle of Han River, which saw Australian UN troops fighting China’s navy. At other times the main threats to the UN navy was mines.
- 14. An armistice (truce)was eventually reached in the Korean War in July 1953, dividing Korea at the 38th Parallel between North and South. This did not end the war and technically both countries are still at war today.
- 15. The war hada devastating effect on Korea and elsewhere. At least 500,000 troops (from all countries were killed). In addition up to 3 million civilians died as a result of the fighting.
- 16. The Korean Warhad shown the US that military intervention could stop Communist expansion (affecting later events in Vietnam). The war also caused further tension between the USA and USSR.
- 17. June 1950 – September1950 September 1950 – October 1950 October 1950 – December 1950 1951 - 1953