The different kind of waves for you even morons could understand.ppt

The different kind of waves for you even morons could understand.ppt

• 1.
  WAVES WAVES
• 2.
  WAVES WAVES  Carries energyfrom one place to another Carries energy from one place to another  Classified by Classified by what what they move through they move through 1. 1. Mechanical Waves Mechanical Waves the energy is transferred by vibrations of medium the energy is transferred by vibrations of medium (medium = matter) (medium = matter) ex/ ocean waves move through water ex/ ocean waves move through water 2. 2. Electromagnetic waves (EM Waves) Electromagnetic waves (EM Waves) the energy moves through disturbances in the the energy moves through disturbances in the electromagnetic field. electromagnetic field. a disturbance that transfers energy
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  WAVE STRUCTURE WAVE STRUCTURE CREST(peak) AMPLITUDE resting to max peak WAVELENGTH TROUGH
• 4.
  MECHANICAL WAVES MECHANICAL WAVES travelthrough & gradually lose energy to that medium  Examples: Examples:  water, sound, rope, & water, sound, rope, & spring waves spring waves  Mechanical Media: Mechanical Media:  water, air, rope, spring water, air, rope, spring require a medium (the material through which the disturbance is moving) to transmit energy Making a pulse
• 5.
  MECHANICAL WAVES MECHANICAL WAVES Classifiedby how medium vibrates Pulse = direction of energy transfer Vibration = direction of vibration of medium relative to pulse 3 types: Longitudinal, transverse, surface
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  MECHANICAL WAVES MECHANICAL WAVES Classifiedby how medium vibrates Longitudinal Waves: Vibration is in the same direction as wave pulse (parallel to wave pulse) Transverse Waves: Vibration is at 900 (right angles) to wave pulse Surface Waves: Vibration is circular Ex/ Ocean waves; surface waves
• 7.
  TRANVERSE WAVES TRANVERSE WAVES Sideways or up & down Sideways or up & down  Examples: Examples:  S-type earthquake waves S-type earthquake waves  Electromagnetic (EM) or light Electromagnetic (EM) or light waves waves Vibration is perpendicular to the direction of the motion of the wave
• 8.
  LONGITUDINAL WAVES LONGITUDINAL WAVES Back and forth (compression & rarefraction) Back and forth (compression & rarefraction)  Also called compression or pressure wave Also called compression or pressure wave  Examples: Examples:  P-type earthquake waves P-type earthquake waves  Sound waves Sound waves Vibration is parallel to the direction of the motion of the wave Rarefraction (expansion) Compression
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  Waves describe theEarth Waves describe the Earth S waves move through solids only!!! P waves move through solids & liquids P waves move through solids & liquids Are these MECHANICAL WAVES???? YES!! Seismic waves need a medium (the earth!)
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  CHARACTERISTICS OF WAVES CHARACTERISTICSOF WAVES Waves are described according Waves are described according to their to their  Amplitude Amplitude measures DISPLACEMENT measures DISPLACEMENT size of the disturbance size of the disturbance  Wavelength Wavelength   distance of a “repeating unit” distance of a “repeating unit” Also called a cycle Also called a cycle  Velocity Velocity v v speed = how fast wave travels speed = how fast wave travels
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  AMPLITUDE AMPLITUDE  Distance between “rest& crest” or “rest & trough” Distance between “rest & crest” or “rest & trough”  Gives indication of “power” Gives indication of “power” or “strength” of wave or “strength” of wave (magnitude of earthquake = (magnitude of earthquake = Richter scale) Richter scale)  Does not affect Does not affect velocity of wave velocity of wave  Determines loudness (sound) or brightness (EM wave) Determines loudness (sound) or brightness (EM wave)
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  WAVELENGTH WAVELENGTH    Distancebetween any two Distance between any two repeating points on a wave repeating points on a wave crest-crest, crest-crest, trough-trough, trough-trough, expansion-expansion, expansion-expansion, compression-compression compression-compression  Determines what colors Determines what colors we see; what notes we hear (pitch) we see; what notes we hear (pitch)  Shorter wavelengths have more Shorter wavelengths have more cycles per minute because they cycles per minute because they aren’t as long aren’t as long
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  VELOCITY VELOCITY v v  therate at which the the rate at which the energy travels energy travels; ; speed & direction speed & direction  Depends on medium Depends on medium  Mechanical waves travel Mechanical waves travel faster through dense faster through dense mediums mediums  EM Waves are faster EM Waves are faster through less dense through less dense mediums mediums
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  Frequency Frequency ƒ ƒ  measuredin measured in wavelengths/second or wavelengths/second or cycles/second cycles/second Hertz Hertz (Hz) = number of (Hz) = number of wavelengths in 1 second wavelengths in 1 second  Frequency is related to Frequency is related to velocity: velocity: v v = = ƒ ƒ    How often How often number of wavelengths that pass any point per second number of wavelengths that pass any point per second
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  PERIOD T PERIOD T How long How long Amount of time for one wavelength to pass a point Amount of time for one wavelength to pass a point  Related inversely to frequency Related inversely to frequency 1 1 = = 1 1 T T f f Period Period = = 1 1 Frequency Frequency
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  Internet resources Internet resources http://www.glenbrook.k12.il.us/gbssci/Phys/Class/waves/wavestoc.html Totest how well you understand go to http://www.physicsclassroom.com/Class/waves/u10l1c.cfm#emmech