The history of animation
- 2. KoKo the Clown Koko the Clown was created by the animation pioneer, Max Fleischer in 1919 but became very successful in 1921 when Fleischer Studios was born. Koko the Clown was created at the same time he created Rotoscope which allows the characters to move more smoothly and life-like. Rotoscoping was an animation technique created my Max Fleischer. Rotoscoping is tracing over each line for each frame to make the movement more smooth so it looks more appealing to the eye.
- 3. Humorous phases of funny faces Humorous phases of funny faces is a silent cartoon created in 1906, created by J. Stuart Blackman. Film historians refer to it as the first animation film in history. The cartoon itself features drawn faces on a chalk board coming to life. The animation actually features cut out animation and is 20 frames per second.
- 4. Gertie the Dinosaur Gertie the dinosaur is a short black and white animation made in 1914 by Winsor McCay. It was number 6 of the top 50 greatest cartoons of all time in a 1994 survey of animators and cartoon historians. It was actually originally created to be Used in McCay’s vaudville performances. Gertie the Dinosaur was also an animation that was created using the Cel animation techniques.
- 5. Felix the Cat Felix the Cat was originally created by Otto Messmer in 1919 with it’s first appearance in 1919 and it’s first television. Felix the cat is a bold black and white cat with wide eyes and a wide grin. The only colourful part of the cat animation itself, is the red tongue colour. Since the air of Felix the Cat there has been a number of occurrences of Felix with other characters, for example Felix has been featured with Charlie Chaplin.
- 6. South Park South Park is an American animation television series created by Matt Stone and Trey Parker. South park’s first few animations were made by cut-out animation, although the majority of the South Park seasons are made on digital programs. South Park contains a number of characters (around 100). Matt and Trey created South Park in 1992 and 1995, but they first aired it on television in 1997.
- 7. Mickey Mouse Mickey Mouse is a cartoon character created in 1928 by Walt Disney. Mickey Mouse was originally cel animation throughout the stages of his first appearance, although modern appearances of Mickey Mouse will most likely be animated digitally animated on a computer. Mickey Mouse is originally seen to wear yellow shoes, red shorts and white gloves, but you will probably see him with different appearances in the modern cartoons.
- 8. The Corpse Bride The Corpse Bride is a animation film, created and directed by Tim Burton, released in 2005. The film itself was made using model animation which consists of a large number of pictures with the clay models moved slightly each and every time. The set and models itself were actually made in Manchester.
- 9. Steamboat Willie Steamboat Willie was Mickey Mouse’s first television appearance. This first appearance of Mickey’s made him what he is today. Steamboat Willie first aired in 1928 and from then on Mickey mouse has become nothing but a cartoon legend. Steamboat Willie was originally made using cel animation, but in the modern occurrences of Mickey, you will most likely see him computer generated.
- 10. King Kong (1933) King Kong (the original) is about an island – dwelling ape who fails to possess a beautiful woman. Since the original was made in 1933 there have been multiple appearances of King Kong, Including Godzilla vs. King Kong and a remake Of King Kong (2005). The 1933 version was very sluggish and jerky, due to the low rate of frames per second. The idea for King Kong came from a sculpture made in 1887 (to the right) which entitles a huge ape abducting a young woman.
- 11. Tom & Jerry Tom & Jerry began in 1947 and by 1952, there had been 120 odd Tom and Jerry shorts made. In 1960 the film Tom & Jerry go to Hollywood was released (the first film featuring the two). Tom and jerry was made entirely of cel animation
- 12. Snow white and the seven dwarfs Snow white first came into view in 1937 Made up entirely of cel animation One of two animated films to be in the top 100 greatest American films ever made Features 8 main characters – Happy, Sleepy, Sneezy, Grumpy, Doc, Bashful, Dopey and of course Snow White.
- 14. Walt Disney Born December 5th 1901, died December 15th 1966 Walt Disney is the creator of all original Disney characters Famous American film producer, director, screenwriter, voice actor, animator, entrepreneur, international icon, philanthropist. Most famous for his earliest and most successful characters such as Mickey Mouse / Steamboat Willie
- 15. Emile Cohl Emile Cohl was born January 4th, died January 20th 1938 Most known for being an animator and cartoonist Known for making ‘The Father of the Animated Cartoon’ and ‘The Oldest Parisian’.
- 16. Winsor McCay Born September 26th 1869, died July 26th 1934 A famous animator and artist Famous for creating ‘Gertie the Dinosaur’ Worked with Walt Disney during his early work
- 17. Max Fleischer Born July 19th 1883, died September 11th 1972 He was a pioneer in the development Most famous for creating – Betty Boop, KoKo the Clown, Popeye and Superman He was the head of Fleischer Studios.
- 18. Eadward Muybridge Born April 9th 1830, died May 8th 1904 Most famous for creating the first stop motion of the moving horse Was originally an English photographer, but he had moved to America for most of his life
- 19. Ray Harryhausen Born June 29th 1920 Famous for being a American film producer and special effects creator He won an academy award for his animation ‘Mighty Young Joe’ with pioneer Willis O’Brien Creator of Jason and the Argonauts
- 20. The Brothers Quay Born June 17th 1947 (Identical twins) ‘The Quay brothers’ – Stephen and Timothy Quay are known for being stop-motion animators, film directors and animators They were given the Drama Desk Award for outstanding set design
- 21. Tim Burton Born August 25th 1958 American film director, producer, writer, artist, animator Famous for his dark, gothic themed films such as – Corpse Bride, Beetle Juice, The Nightmare Before Christmas, Edward Scissor Hands, Sleepy hollow Won the award – 2008 Best Director, Sweeney Todd – the Demon Barber of Fleet. Street
- 22. Aardman Founded in 1972 by Peter Lord and David Sproxton Famous for users of CGI animation, Clay animation and stop-motion The Studio is known for holding the famous television program – Wallace & Grommit and Morph.
- 23. Pixar Pixar Animation Studios is an American computer film studio ..Pixar animation Studios are very famous for their CGI films such as Toy Story 1 & 2, A Bug’s Life and Monsters Inc. Known for using Photorealistic effects in their films to make them look more life-like
- 24. Terry Gilliam Terrence Vance Gilliam was born November 21nd 1940 Originally born in America Famous for being a screen writer, film director, animator and an actor The only member of the Monty Python comedy who wasn’t actually born in Britain.
- 25. Warner Bros One of the major film studios Warner Bros has several subsidiary companies with over eleven studios They have done a lot of work with Pixar Founded in 1918 as Warner Brother Studios, 1923 as Warner Brother Pictures Founded by Jack Warner, Harry Warner, Albert Warner, Sam Warner