The independence of the spanish colonies in america excelente1!
- 1. The Independence of the Spanish colonies in America
- 2. Index Made by: -Nuria Berdugo Gómez -Livia Fernández Pérez -Alba Jáimez Moreno -Zenaida Muñoz Muñoz • Introduction • Causes • Independence phases -First phase (1808-1818) -Second phase (1818-1824) • Consequences • Questions
- 3. Introduction We are going to talk about the Independence of American Colonies linking them with the situations in Great Britain and Spain, the Independence periods, their consequences and the relation with Great Britain.
- 4. Causes Influence of the independence of the 13 colonies
- 5. Influence of the Ilustration • Ideas of Locke (theory of the English Revolution of the seventeenth century) Creoles The Creoles were the descendants of the old Spanish immigrant, but they born in America. They represented 10-15% of the population. • Texts of the French Enlightenment: Voltaire, Montesquieu and Rousseau. • The theory pactista of Francisco Suárez Creoles
- 6. Influence of the independence of the 13 colonies Support of Great Britain and USA The thirteen colonies in North America joined together to emancipate from the British Empire, with the Spanish support. Great Britain wanted to break the Spanish monopoly of trade with the colonies. In 1776 each colony established a government institution to govern themselves. Great Britain and the USA sold guns and warships to the American insurgents. Declaration of independence The British invasions of the Río de la Plata
- 7. There was no power after the Creation of the Courts and the Constitution abdications of Bayonne Provintial Board Central Board There were some setbacks with the deputies, both peninsular and American. The constitution benefited in some aspects to the Americans, but also there were many disagreements. Regency Government Boards They didn't recognize the authority of the Regency, so they replaced the colonial authorities and establish their own government bodies. The promulgation of the Constitution of 1812
- 8. Independence Phases First Phase (1808-1818) Venezuela Miranda returned from Haiti where he got his independence . The army of Venezuela was supported by Britain. He couldn't get the independence of 19th July of 1810. The Act of the Declaration of Independence of Venezuela Francisco de Miranda
- 9. Nueva España Two important events: the Conspiracy of Querétaro and Dolores’ Shouting Morelos Miguel Hidalgo Josefa Ortiz Allende However ,in 1811 their heads were exposed in Granaditas. Aldama He took the Miguel Hidalgo’s role and he proclaimed the independence of Nueva España
- 10. He wanted to conquer Paraguay but he was defeated in Paraguarí and Tacuarí Paraguay Argentines began their struggle to conquer Paraguay in 1810 Belgrano Iturbe Fernando VII He was supported by landowners and traders Dr. Francia He was supported by peasants, labourers, military officers and farmers Caballero Yegros They defeated Governor Velazco in 14th and 15th 1811. Independence was declared on May 17th 1811
- 11. Chile Chile had to confront with the troops of viceroy ship of Peru. . The most important event in Chile was: the phase of ‘Patria Vieja’ This produced : - Military disaster José Miguel Carrera Bernardo O’Higgins - Carrera’s political ambition - Disagreement between the colonies and the Spanish monarchy Juan Martínez de Rozas
- 12. Second Phase (1818-1824) The collapse of the Spanish sovereignty. The most important battle was the Battle of Ayacucho. It is secured the independence of Peru and ensured independence for the rest of South America. The Battle of Ayacucho. Pampa de La Quinua, Peru.
- 13. The most important people in the independece of South America He was a Argentine general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's successful struggle for independence from the Spanish Empire. Their campaigns were decisive for independence's Argentina, Peru and Chile. Joining forces, the Chileans and Argentines soundly defeated the Spanish at the Battle of Maipú.
- 14. He was a military and political leader. He was born in 1795, in New Granada. He carried out the Independence of Colombia (Nueva Granada in 1819). He entered the struggles for independence in Venezuela and Colombia Also Bolivar freed Venezuela with victory of Carabobo Liberator of Ecuador and Peru.
- 15. Venezuelan revolutionary. Francisco de Miranda attempted to liberate his homeland with British help. Miranda returned in 1810 to head up the First Venezuelan Republic. He is regarded as a forerunner of Simón Bolívar Francisco de Miranda
- 16. Consequences Effects of independence of the Spanish colonies in America were economics, society, government and politics. Congress of Panama (1826). The colonies depended economically of France and England. There were many characteristics that can be synthesized in three points: Federation Gran Colombiana Disaster in the social stability The political independence didn't determined the economic independence
- 17. Questions • Who were the Creoles? The Creoles were the descendants of the old Spanish immigrant, but they born in America. • What countries supported the American Independence? - France and USA Great Britain and USA Morocco and India • Which countries couldn’t get the independence in this period? Puerto Rico, Cuba and Philippines • What ideology did Morelos follow? - Miguel Hidalgo’s ideology - Aldama’s ideology - Allende’s ideology • Which were some of the consequences? - The political independence didn't determined the economic independence - Criollos monopolised the power and the wealth, and they didn't pay taxes. - Trade monopoly disappeared
- 18. • Link these men with their countries 1. Venezuela 2. Provincias del Rio de la Plata Sucre 3. Chile Simon Bolivar 4. Paraguay 5. Nueva España 6. Colombia San Martín 7. Peru O’Higgins Miranda Belgrano Morelos Dr. Francia Miguel Hidalgo
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