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The microscope
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- 2. The History • Manypeople experimented with making microscopes • Was the microscope originally made by accident? (Most people were creating telescopes) • The first microscope was 6 feet long!!! • The Greeks & Romans used “lenses” to magnify objects over 1000 years ago.
- 3. The History •Hans and Zacharias Janssen of Holland in the 1590’s created the “first” compound microscope • Anthony van Leeuwenhoek and Robert Hooke made improvements by working on the lenses Anthony van Leeuwenhoek Hooke Microscope Robert Hooke 1632-1723 1635-1703
- 4. The History Zacharias Jansen The “First” Microscope 1588-1631
- 5. How a MicroscopeWorks Convex Lenses are curved glass used to make microscopes (and glasses etc.) Convex Lenses bend light and focus it in one spot.
- 6. How a MicroscopeWorks Ocular Lens Objective Lens (Magnifies Image) (Gathers Light, Magnifies And Focuses Image Body Tube Inside Body Tube) (Image Focuses) •Bending Light: The objective (bottom) convex lens magnifies and focuses (bends) the image inside the body tube and the ocular convex (top) lens of a microscope magnifies it (again).
- 7. The Parts ofa Microscope
- 8. Ocular Lens Body Tube Nose Piece Arm Objective Lenses Stage Stage Clips Coarse Adj. Diaphragm Fine Adjustment Light Source Base Skip to Magnification Section
- 9. Body Tube • The body tube holds the objective lenses and the ocular lens at the proper distance Diagram
- 10. Nose Piece • The Nose Piece holds the objective lenses and can be turned to increase the magnification Diagram
- 11. Objective Lenses • The Objective Lenses increase magnification (usually from 10x to 40x) Diagram
- 12. Stage Clips • These 2 clips hold the slide/specimen in place on the stage. Diagram
- 13. Diaphragm • The Diaphragm controls the amount of light on the slide/specimen Turn to let more light in or to make dimmer. Diagram
- 14. Light Source • Projects light upwards through the diaphragm, the specimen and the lenses • Some have lights, others have mirrors where you must move the mirror to reflect light Diagram
- 15. Ocular Lens/Eyepiece • Magnifies the specimen image Diagram
- 16. Arm • Used to support the microscope when carried. Holds the body tube, nose piece and objective lenses Diagram
- 17. Stage • Supports the slide/specimen Diagram
- 18. Coarse Adjustment Knob • Moves the stage up and down (quickly) for focusing your image Diagram
- 19. Fine Adjustment Knob • This knob moves the stage SLIGHTLY to sharpen the image Diagram
- 20. Base • Supports the microscope Diagram
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- 22. Magnification • To determineyour magnification…you just multiply the ocular lens by the objective lens • Ocular 10x Objective 40x:10 x 40 = 400 So the object is 400 times “larger” Objective Lens have their magnification written on them. Ocular lenses usually magnifies by 10x
- 23. Caring for aMicroscope • Clean only with a soft cloth/tissue • Make sure it’s on a flat surface • Don’t bang it • Carry it with 2 HANDS…one on the arm and the other on the base
- 24. Using a Microscope •Start on the lowest magnification • Don’t use the coarse adjustment knob on high magnification…you’ll break the slide!!! • Place slide on stage and lock clips • Adjust light source (if it’s a mirror…don’t stand in front of it!) • Use fine adjustment to focus
- 25. References • http://www.cerebromente.org.br/n17/history/neurons1_i.htm • Google Images • http://science.howstuffworks.com/light-microscope1.htm