The renaissance literature
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The document discusses the origin and development of drama, highlighting its deep roots in religious practices, particularly in ancient Greek and Roman cultures. It outlines three key periods in the evolution of drama: the religious period focused on biblical teachings, the moral period emphasizing moral lessons through personified characters, and the artistic period aiming to represent human life authentically. The final note mentions 'Ralph Roister Doister' as one of the earliest true plays in English.
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The renaissance literature
- 2. ● Name :- Nirali Makvana ● Class :- M. A Sem 1 ●Paper :- The Renaissance literature ●Topic :- The Origin of Drama ●Roll no. :- 21 ●Submitted to :- Department of English ( Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhaji Bhavnagar university) ●Enrollment no. :- 2069108420200023
- 3. What is Drama ? Drama “ Composition in Verse or prose intended to portray life or character or to tell a story usually involving conflicts and emotions through action and dialogue and typically designed for theatrical performance.”
- 4. The Origin of the Drama ☆ The Origin of the Drama is deep rooted in the religious predisposition of mankind. ☆ The ancient Greek and Roman dramas were mostly concerned with religious ceremonials of people. ☆ It was the Religious elements that resulted in the development of drama. ☆ That’s why the clergy tried to find out some new method of teaching and expounding the teaching of the Bible to the common people.
- 5. ☆ First the deed, then the story, then the play that seems to be the natural development of the drama in its simplest form. ☆ Gods and Heroes are often represented at the yearly festivals. ☆ To act a part seems as natural to humanity as to tell a story; and originally the drama is but an old story retold to the eye. ☆ We have the Gospel. Around the life and literature sprang up a great religion. ☆ Its worship was at first simple, the common prayer, the evening meal together, the remembered words of the master and closing hymn.
- 6. Periods in the development of the drama The Religious period of the drama ●In Europe, as in Greece, the drama had a distinctly religious origin. ● The first character were drawn from the New Testament. ● The object of the first plays was to make the church service more impressive or to emphasize moral lessons by showing the reward of the good and the punishment of the evil doer. ● Reform seemed impossible; the corrupt drama was driven from the stage and Plays of every kind were forbidden.
- 7. Miracle and Mystery plays ● In France the name “ Miracle ” was given to any play representing the lives of the saints. ●The Mystery represented scenes from the life of christ or stories from the Old Testament associated with the coming of Messiah. ●The name Miracle was used indiscriminately for all plays having their origin in the lives of the saints. ●The name Mystery, to distinguish a certain class of Plays, was not used until long after the religious drama had passed away.
- 8. The Moral period of the drama ☆ Morality plays or drama popular in Europe especially during the 15th and 16th Centuries. ☆ The Characters personify qualities or abstractions. ☆ The morality play guides the protagonist as he attempts to live a holy life dedicated to God. ☆ The protagonist experiences trials and tribulations and struggles with sin and temptation on his journey to redemption.
- 9. The Artistic period of the drama ☆ The Artistic is the final stage in the development of the English drama. ☆ Its chief purpose is not to point a moral but to represent human life as it is. ☆ The motive is always subordinate to the chief end of representing life itself. ☆ The first true play in English with a regular plot, divided into acts and scenes, is probably the comedy, “ Ralph Royster Doyster ” written by Nicholas Udall.