The_Information_Age.pptx
- 1. CHAPTER III Specific Issues in Science, Technology, and Society
- 2. Lesson 1: The Information Age
- 3. Lesson Objectives: At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to: Define Information Age; Discuss the history of Information Age; and Understanding the factors that need to be considered in checking website sources.
- 4. Introduction Highly modernized, automated, data-driven, and technologically advanced this best describe our society nowadays, as evidenced by how our society have been influenced tremendously such as communication, economics, industry, health, and the environment. Despite our gains due to the growing development of information technology, the rapid upgrade of information also has disadvantages. This lesson will discuss the history and impact of technological advancements to society. Life is accompanied by endless transmission of information that takes place within and outside the human body. Webster’s Encyclopedic Unbridged Dictionary - Information is “knowledge communicated or obtained concerning a specific fact or circumstance.”
- 5. Information Age Period starting in the last quarter of the 20th century when information became effortless accessible through publications and through the management of information by computers and computer network. The Information Age is true new age based upon the Interconnection of computers via telecommunications, with these information systems operating on both a real-time and as- needed basis. Furthermore, the primary factors driving this new age forward are convenience and user-friendliness which, in turn, will create user dependence (Messenger, J.R., Theory of Information Age.1982).
- 6. History Table 1. Timeline of the Information Age Year Event 3000 BC Sumerian writing system used pictograph to present words 2900 BC Beginnings of Egyptian hieroglyphic writing 1300 BC Tortoise shell and oracle bone writing were used 500 BC Papyrus roll was used 220 BC Chinese small seal writing was developed 100 AD Book (parchment codex) 105 AD Woodblock printing and paper was invented by the Chinese 1455 Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press using movable metal type 1755 Samuel Johnson’s dictionary standardized English spelling 1802 • The Library of Congress was established • Invention pf the carbon are lamp 1824 Research on persistence of vision published 1830s • First viable design for a digital computer • Augusta Lady Byron writes the world’s first computer program 1837 Invention of the telegraph in Great Britain and the United States 1861 Motion pictures were projected onto a screen 1876 Dewey Decimal system was introduced 1877 Eadweard Muybridge demonstrated high-speed photography 1899 First magnetic recordings was released 1902 Motion pictures special effects were used 1906 Lee DeForest invented the electronic amplifying tube (triode) 1923 Television camera tube was invented by Zvorkyn 1926 First practical sound movie 1939 Regularly scheduled television broadcasting began in the US 1940s Beginnings of information science as a discipline 1945 Vannevar Bush foresaw the invention of hypertext 1946 ENIAC computer was developed 1948 Birth of field-of-information theory proposed by Claude E. Shannon 1957 Planar transistor was developed by Jean Hoerni 1958 First integrated circuit 1960s Library of Congress developed LC MARC (machine-readable code) 1969 UNIX operating system was developed, which could handle multitasking 1971 Intel introduced the first microprocessor chip 1972 Optical laserdisc was developed by Philips and MCA 1974 MCA and Philips Agreed on standard videodisc encoding format 1975 Altair Microcomputer Kit was released: first personal computer for the public 1977 RadioShack introduced the first complete personal computer 1984 Apple Macintosh computer was introduced Mid 1980s Artificial intelligence was separated from information science 1987 Hypercard was developed by Bill Atkinson recipe box metaphor 1991 Four hundred fifty complete works of literature on one CDROM was released January 1997 RSA (encryption and network security software) Internet security code cracked for a 48
- 7. History Figure 7. Evolution of man and Information
- 8. “Truths of the Information Age”, Some facts on the Information Age by Robert Harris. 1. Information must compete. 2. Newer us equated with truer. 3. Selection is a viewpoint. 4. The media sells what the culture buys. 5. The early word gets the perm. 6. You are what you eat and so is your brain. 7. Anything is great demand will be counterfeited. 8. Ideas are seen as controversial. 9. Undead information walks ever on. 10. Media presence creates the story. 11. The medium selects the message. 12. The whole truth is pursuit.
- 9. Computer Computers are among the most important contribution of advances in the Information Age to society. A computer is an electronic device that stores and processes data (information). It runs on a program that contains the exact, step-by-step direction ls to solve a problem (UShistory.org, 2017).
- 10. Types of Computer 1. Personal Computer (PC) - It is the single-user instrument. Known as “microcomputers”
- 11. Types of Computer 2. Desktop Computer - It is described as a PC that is not designed for portability.
- 12. Types of Computer 3. Laptops - Portable computers that integrate the essentials of a desktop computer in a battery-powered package. Commonly called “notebooks”
- 13. Types of Computer 4. Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) - These are tightly integrated computers that usually have no keyboards but rely on a touch screen for user input.
- 14. Types of Computer 5. Server - It refers to a computer that has been improved to provide network services to other computers.
- 15. Types of Computer 6. Mainframes - They are used especially by large firms to describe the large, expensive machines that process millions of transactions every day. Although some supercomputers are single computer systems, most comprise multiple, high performance, parallel computers woking as a single system
- 16. Types of Computer 7. Wearable Computers - They involve materials that are usually integrated into cellphones, watches, and other small objects or places.
- 17. The World Wide Web (Internet) • Claude E. Shannon – “Father of Information Theory” • Internet – world wide system of interconnected networks that facilitates data transmission among innumerable computers.
- 18. Applications of Computers in Science Research 1. Bioinformatics • Application of Information technology to store, organize, and analyze vast amount of biological data. 2. SWISS-PORT protein sequence database • initiated in 1996 It now has about 70,000 protein sequences from more than 5,000 model organisms, a small fraction of all known organisms
- 19. Applications of Computers in Science Research 3. Rational drug discovery • Potential targets for drug development are hypothesized from the genome sequences. Molecular modeling, which requires a lot of calculations, has become faster due to the advances in computer processors and its architecture (Madan, n.d.). 4. Plant biotechnology • Bioinformatics is found to be useful in the areas indentifiying diseases resistance genes and designing plants with high nutrition value (Madan, n.d.).
- 20. How to Check the Reliability of Web Sources: 1. Who is the author of the article/site? 2. Who published the site? 3. What is the main purpose of the site? Why did the author write it and why the publisher post it? 4. Who is the intended audience? 5. What is the quality of information provided on the website?
- 21. Examples of Useful and Reliable Web Sources: 1. AFA e-Newsletter (Alzheimer’s Foundation of America newsletter) 2. American Memory 3. Bartleby.com Great Books Online 4. Chronicling America 5. Cyber Bullying 6. Drug information websites 7. Global Gateway 8. Google Books 9. Googlescholar.com 10. History sites with primary documents 11. Illinois Digital Archives 12. Internet Archive 13. Internet Archive for CARLI digitized resources 14. Internet Public Library 15. Ip12 16. Librarians’ Internet Index 17. Making of America 18. Maps 19. NationMaster 20. Nursing sites 21. Project Gutenberg 22. Shmoop 23. StateMaster 24. Virtual Reference
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