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Theories of Emotion

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kbolinsky

The document discusses several theories of emotion: - The James-Lange theory proposes that emotion arises from our awareness of physiological responses to stimuli. We feel fear because our heart is pounding in response to an oncoming car, not the other way around. - The Cannon-Bard theory suggests that stimuli simultaneously trigger both physiological responses and subjective emotional experiences. - Schachter's two-factor theory argues we must be physiologically aroused and cognitively label the arousal to experience an emotion. Seeing a car triggers arousal and the thought "I'm afraid" creates the fear. - Emotions involve two dimensions - valence (positive-negative) and arousal (high-low). They activate the aut

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Theories of Emotion
Does your heart pound because you are afraid…or are you afraid because you feel your heart pounding? Theories of Emotion
 Experience of emotion is awareness of physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli James-Lange Theory of Emotion Fear (emotion) Pounding heart (arousal) Sight of oncoming car (perception of stimulus)
 Emotion-arousing stimuli simultaneously trigger:  physiological responses  subjective experience of emotion Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion Sight of oncoming car (perception of stimulus) Pounding heart (arousal) Fear (emotion)
 To experience emotion one must:  be physically aroused  cognitively label the arousal Schachter’s Two-Factor Theory of Emotion Cognitive label “I’m afraid” Fear (emotion) Sight of oncoming car (perception of stimulus) Pounding heart (arousal)
 The brain’s shortcut for emotions Cognition and Emotion
Two Routes to Emotion
Two Dimensions of Emotion Positive valence Negative valence High arousal Low arousal pleasant relaxation joy sadness fear anger
Emotion and Physiology Autonomic nervous system controls physiological arousal Sympathetic division (arousing) Pupils dilate Decreases Perspires Increases Accelerates Inhibits Secrete stress hormones Parasympathetic division (calming) Pupils contract Increases Dries Decreases Slows Activates Decreases secretion of stress hormones EYES SALIVATION SKIN RESPIRATION HEART DIGESTION ADRENAL GLANDS
 Performance peaks at lower levels of arousal for difficult tasks, and at higher levels for easy or well-learned tasks Arousal and Performance

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Theories of Emotion

  • 2. Does your heart pound because you are afraid…or are you afraid because you feel your heart pounding? Theories of Emotion
  • 3.  Experience of emotion is awareness of physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli James-Lange Theory of Emotion Fear (emotion) Pounding heart (arousal) Sight of oncoming car (perception of stimulus)
  • 4.  Emotion-arousing stimuli simultaneously trigger:  physiological responses  subjective experience of emotion Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion Sight of oncoming car (perception of stimulus) Pounding heart (arousal) Fear (emotion)
  • 5.  To experience emotion one must:  be physically aroused  cognitively label the arousal Schachter’s Two-Factor Theory of Emotion Cognitive label “I’m afraid” Fear (emotion) Sight of oncoming car (perception of stimulus) Pounding heart (arousal)
  • 6.  The brain’s shortcut for emotions Cognition and Emotion
  • 7. Two Routes to Emotion
  • 8. Two Dimensions of Emotion Positive valence Negative valence High arousal Low arousal pleasant relaxation joy sadness fear anger
  • 9. Emotion and Physiology Autonomic nervous system controls physiological arousal Sympathetic division (arousing) Pupils dilate Decreases Perspires Increases Accelerates Inhibits Secrete stress hormones Parasympathetic division (calming) Pupils contract Increases Dries Decreases Slows Activates Decreases secretion of stress hormones EYES SALIVATION SKIN RESPIRATION HEART DIGESTION ADRENAL GLANDS
  • 10.  Performance peaks at lower levels of arousal for difficult tasks, and at higher levels for easy or well-learned tasks Arousal and Performance