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Thinking about technology .... differently
The document discusses the evolving relationship between technology and society, highlighting the need for libraries to adapt to new digital workflows and user behaviors. It emphasizes the importance of making institutional resources discoverable within broader academic and social contexts. Key topics include the shift from consumption to creation, the role of networks in reshaping workflows, and the necessity for libraries to integrate their services into the environments where users conduct research and learning.
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Thinking about technology .... differently
- 1. Thinking about technology: differently @LorcanD Lorcan Dempsey OCLC 7 November 2014 LITA Albaquerque
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- 6. Within a discoveryservice … 1. Aspire to a singular identity for entities/things (people, works, places, organizations, …) 2. Gather data associated with those identities (e.g. ‘cards’) 3. Create relationships between identities.
- 7. OCLC Production Services External OCLC Research Systems Internal OCLC Research Resources enhanced WorldCat WORKS Kindred Works Classify Identities FictionFinder Cookbook Finder LCSH 378M VIAF FAST GMGPC GSAFD GTT LCTGM MeSH DDC Linked Data Entities 481.3M 202M 939K 1.2M 6.2M 523K 107K
- 8. Records Processed byVIAF 152,528,486 0 50,000,000 100,000,000 150,000,000 bibliographic personal corporate title geographic geographic title corporate personal bibliographic Records 423,054 3,920,640 5,472,823 35,894,126 106,817,843 1.7B rows 45 minutes JSON view S M T W T F S S M T W T F S 2 months to cluster VIAF (conventional processing approach) 24 hours (actual time to cluster VIAF using Hadoop/HBase) 45 minutes to process JSON view of VIAF 8.3 M Clusters (>1 authority for same entity) 4.7M intra-VIAF links Oct. 2014
- 9. Looking at technology… differently
- 10. Examples • Cellphones • Citation management 1 • Institutional repositories 2 3 Technology • The network reshapes society and society reshapes the network 4 example Challenges - pre strategic organization reshaping 1. From consumption to creation 2. Workflow is the new content 3. From outside-in to inside-out 4. From discovery to discoverability
- 11. 11 Micro-coordination Adhoc rendezvous Situational Location Fulfilment Relationship Visual
- 12. The example ofCitation management
- 13. So in arelatively short time, a solitary and manual function has evolved into a workflow enacted in a social and digital environment. In addition to functional value, this change has added network value, as individual users benefit from the community of use. People can make connections and find new work, and the network generates analytics which may be used for recommendations or scholarly metrics. In this way, for some people, citation management has evolved from being a single function in a broader workflow into a workflow manager, discovery engine, and social network. Dempsey & Walter, 2014
- 14. The example of Institutional repository
- 15. In a well-knownarticle, Salo (2008) offers a variety of reasons as to why they have not been as heavily used as anticipated. These include a lack of attention to faculty incentives (‘prestige’) and to campus workflows. She concludes that IRs will not be successful unless developed as a part of “systematic, broad-based, well-supported data-stewardship, scholarly-communication, or digital-preservation program”.
- 16. EPrints Update, LesCarr, University of Southampton, Repository Fringe, 2014 http://www.slideshare.net/repofringe/e-prints42y
- 17. Thinking about technology: differently
- 18. Automated Networked Socio-technical Ahem! Pervasive Sociodigitization Informationalized Sociomaterial Industrial internet The technical reshapes the social – the social reshapes the technical
- 19. Technology is acentral part of how we enact work, communication, organization, …. Our view of technology belongs to an earlier era. We think of discrete systems and impacts …. separated from the network and digital practices of our users. Our focus will have to shift to think of how best to engage with those environments.
- 20. Examples • Cellphones • Citation management 1 • Institutional repositories 2 3 Technology • The network reshapes society and society reshapes the network 4 Challenges - pre strategic organization reshaping 1. From consumption to creation 2. Workflow is the new content 3. From outside-in to inside-out 4. From discovery to discoverability
- 21. From consumption to creation
- 22. Framing the ScholarlyRecord … The evolving scholarly record, Lavoie et al
- 24. Transformation of theacademic library Kurt de Belder http://www.oclc.org/content/dam/research/events/dss/ppt/dss_debelder.pptx 24
- 25. More opportunities for support across the whole lifecycle in a digital environment.
- 27. Workflow is the new content
- 29. Convenience The costof context switching The cost of fragmentation Relationship – sharing – engagement Solo vs collaborative Different needs Visitors vs residents What people actually do, not what they say they do
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- 32. The data fromthe Emerging educational stage seem to suggest that individuals were engaging with systems and materials not provided by their institutions to do institutional work (e.g., consulting Wikipedia to write an essay). Such user-owned literacies, when mapped like this, take a prominent role in the academic work of many of our research subjects. Given the effect that the internet is having on collapsing the relationship between certain modes of activity and specific physical spaces, it is important not to tie notions of the institutional and the personal to ideas of “school/university/library” and “home” as buildings.
- 33. The Learning BlackMarket “It’s like a taboo I guess with all teachers, they just all say – you know, when they explain the paper they always say, ‘Don’t use Wikipedia.’” (USU7, Female, Age 19, Political Science)
- 34. arXiv, SSRN,RePEc, PubMed Central (disciplinary repositories that have become important discovery hubs); Google Scholar, Google Books, Amazon (ubiquitous discovery and fulfillment hubs); Mendeley, ResearchGate (services for social discovery and scholarly reputation management); Goodreads, LibraryThing (social description/reading sites); Wikipedia, Yahoo Answers, Khan Academy (hubs for open research, reference, and teaching materials). GalaxyZoo, FigShare, OpenRefine (data storage and manipulation tools) Github (software management)
- 35. Wouter Haak Elsevier,VP Product Strategy LIBER, Riga, 2014
- 36. Workflow the socialreshapes the technical the technical reshapes the social • In a print world, researchers and learners organized their workflow around the library. • The library had limited interaction with the full process. • In a digital world, the library needs to organize itself around the workflows of research and learners. • Workflows generate and consume information resources.
- 37. The inside out collection
- 38. Open Web Resources‘Published’ materials Low Stewardship In many collections Institutional In few collections Research & Learning Materials Licensed Special Collections Local Digitization Purchased High Stewardship
- 39. In many collections Outside, in A In few collections Licensed Purchased OCLC Collections Grid Library as broker Maximise efficiency Distinctive Low Stewardship High Stewardship Available Library as provider Maximise discoverability Inside, out
- 40. From discovery todiscoverability
- 42. People matter Fulllibrary discovery A decentered network presence – the power of pull Discovery is not just … the discovery layer Discovery often happens elsewhere. Make institutional resources discoverable (inside out).
- 43. Full library discovery?Service discovery? People discovery? Event discovery? If your expertise is not seen, you will not be seen as expert.
- 44. Reputation management •Expertise and profiling • Identity • Make the institution, expertise, research outputs, discoverable, … • New Knowledge work ( Kenning Arlitsch) The power of pull • Connect to library capacities where it makes sense
- 45. Workflow, collaboration, sharing,… the social reshapes the technical the technical reshapes the social
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- 50. Resolver configuration. Howdo you engage with researcher profiling, reputation management, research information management, ….?
- 51. The decentered network presence University Library Cloud Sourced Decoupled Communication Website External Syndication
- 52. Youtube Decoupled Communication Flickr Twitter Facebook Blogs Google Knowledgebase Resolver Discovery Cloud Sourced Libguides
- 55. Digital Archive Blogs External Syndication Proxy Toolbar Services Data RSS WorldCat Metadata Europeana Scirus Ethos ArchivesGrid Suncat Summon Jorum Linked Data (Catalog) OAI-PMH (Dspace) Z39.50 Library APIs Proxy Widgets Mobilepp Discovery Catalogue Dspace
- 57. Are libraryresources visible where people are doing their work, in the search engines, in citation management tools, and so on? Is library expertise visible when people are searching for things? Can a library user discover a personal contact easily? Are there photographs of librarians on the website? The University of Michigan has a nice feature where it returns relevant subject librarians in top level searches. Are there blogs about special collections or distinctive services or expertise, which can be indexed and found on search engines? Are links to relevant special collections or archives created in Wikipedia. Can researchers configure a resolver in Scholar, Mendeley or other services? As attention shifts from collections to services, are library services described in such a way that they are discoverable? On the website? In search engines? Is SEO a routine part of development? Schema? Is metadata for resources shared with all relevant services? Discovery is more than the discovery layer. Discovery often happens elsewhere. Make institutional resources discoverable (inside-out).
- 59. Research, learning andinformation behaviors are shaping and being reshaped by the network. Libraries are supporting these new behaviors and working to connect their services to these new environments. This requires us to think about technology …. Differently.
- 60. Credits • Arlitsch,K., Obrien, P., Clark, J. A., Young, S. W., & Rossmann, D. (2014). Demonstrating Library Value at Network Scale: Leveraging the Semantic Web With New Knowledge Work. Journal of Library Administration, 54(5), 413-425. • (Carr, 2014) EPrints Update, Les Carr, University of Southampton, Repository Fringe, 2014 http://www.slideshare.net/repofringe/e-prints42y • (de Belder, 2013) Transformation of the academic library Kurt de Belder http://www.oclc.org/content/dam/research/events/dss/ppt/dss_debelder.pptx • (Dempsey, Malpas & Lavoie) Collection Directions. portal: Libraries and the Academy, 14, 3 (July 2014), 393–423. http://www.oclc.org/content/dam/research/publications/library/2014/oclcresearch-collection-directions-preprint- 2014.pdf • (Dempsey & Walter, 2014) A Platform Publication for a Time of Accelerating Change. College & Research Libraries, 75, November 2014: 760-762. • GapingVoid. http://gapingvoid.com/ • (Lavoie et al, 2014) The evolving scholarly record. http://oclc.org/content/dam/research/publications/library/2014/oclcresearch-evolving-scholarly-record-2014.pdf • (Salo, 2008) Salo, D. (2008). Innkeeper at the roach motel. Library Trends, 57(2), 98-123. • Visitors and residents http://oclc.org/research/activities/vandr.html Quote from: Connaway, L. S., Lanclos, D., & White, D. (2012). Some people visit the web, some people live there: The effect of online residency on digital literacies. Presented at EDUCAUSE 2012, November 9, 2012, Denver, Colorado 61
Editor's Notes
- #8 2,662,433,583 controlled data points in enhanced WorldCat (including OCLC production authority control links) DTICT 6,759,733 FAST 481,311,144 GMGPC 939,733 GSAFD 1,216,745 GTT 6,248,478 LC Form/Genre 2,388,344 LCSH 202,687,061 LCTGM 523,498 MeSH 107,027 VIAF 378,097,152
- #32 Images created by David White, Co-manager, Technology Assisted Lifelong Learning, University of Oxford Institutional Resident Gap UKU3 (UK 1st year undergraduate) This participant has a clear demarcation between Resident modes of engagement in her personal life and Visitor modes of engagement for study. The map is a mode of engagement landscape onto which individuals can be plotted. The limits of the map have been defined by the four major framing concepts of the project: V&R – Personal and Institutional. The Personal end of the axis encompasses an individual’s private life, and the Institutional is their professional and/or academic life. The data from the Emerging educational stage seem to suggest that individuals were engaging with systems and materials not provided by their institutions to do institutional work (e.g., consulting Wikipedia to write an essay). Such user-owned literacies, when mapped like this, take a prominent role in the academic work of many of our research subjects. Given the effect that the internet is having on collapsing the relationship between certain modes of activity and specific physical spaces, it is important not to tie notions of the intuitional and the personal to ideas of “school/university/library” and “home” as buildings. White, D., & Connaway, L.S. Visitors & Residents: What Motivates Engagement with the Digital Information Environment. 2011-2012. Funded by JISC, OCLC, and Oxford University. http://www.oclc.org/research/activities/vandr/.
- #34 Image: http://www.deviantart.com/morelikethis/211376699 Covert online study habits Wikipedia Don’t cite Widely used Guilt Students & teachers disagree Quality sources There is a “Learning Black Market”: learners use non-traditional sources but feel they cannot talk about them in an institutional context. Wikipedia usage is an example of this. (White & Connaway, 2011) Connaway, Lynn Silipigni, Donna Lanclos, and Erin M. Hood. 2013. “I find Google a lot easier than going to the library website.” Imagine ways to innovate and inspire students to use the academic library. Proceedings of the Association of College & Research Libraries (ACRL) 2013 conference, April 10-13, 2013, Indianapolis, IN. http://www.ala.org/acrl/sites/ala.org.acrl/files/content/conferences/confsandpreconfs/2013/papers/Connaway_Google.pdf. White, David. 2008. Not “natives’”& “immigrants” but “visitors’ & “residents.” TALL Blog: Online Education with the University of Oxford, April 23, http://tallblog.conted.ox.ac.uk/index.php/2008/07/23/not-natives-immigrants-but-visitors-residents/. Saunders also found that faculty are “concerned with students’ reliance on Google and Wikipedia for information.” This may help to explain why many of the Emerging stage participants expressed a reluctance to acknowledge or cite Wikipedia in their work for fear of being ridiculed by faculty, or be given a lower grade. This is referred to as the Learning Black Market, which is discussed in more detail in Connaway, Lanclos, and Hood and White’s 2011 blog entry. Saunders, Laura. 2012. Faculty perspectives on information literacy as a student learning outcome. The Journal of Academic Librarianship 38, no. 4 (2012): 231.
- #41 Not just about ‘special’ collections