Downloaded 224 times
Uploaded byShahnawaj Alam
Tiissue
This document discusses different types of plant and animal tissues. It begins by defining tissue as a group of similar cells that work together to perform a common function. The document then separates tissues into plant and animal categories. It describes the main plant tissue types as meristematic and permanent. Meristematic tissue is responsible for plant growth, and occurs in three forms: apical, lateral, and intercalary. Permanent tissues include simple tissues like parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma, as well as complex tissues xylem and phloem. For animal tissues, the document lists the main types as epithelial, muscular, connective, and nervous. Epithelial
In this document
Powered by AI
Project introduction by Shahnawaj Alam, class IX-B, in Biology, under teacher Mr. S.K. Dubey.
Definition of tissues as groups of similar cells; categorized into plant and animal tissues.
Introduction to plant tissues; classified into meristematic (growth) and permanent tissues.
Meristematic tissue enables plant growth, further divided into apical, lateral, and intercalary types.
Permanent tissues arise from meristematic tissue, categorized into simple (three types) and complex.
Parenchyma characteristics, types (storage, aerenchyma, chlorenchyma), and functions including photosynthesis.
Collenchyma structure and functions such as mechanical strength and flexibility in plants.
Introduction to sclerenchyma tissue.
Animal tissues categorized into epithelial, muscular, connective, and nervous tissues.
Four types of epithelial tissues: squamous, cubic, ciliated columnar, and glandular.
Muscular tissues classified as striated, smooth, and cardiac muscles, with their characteristics.
Connective tissues role in storage, support, and flexibility through cartilage and bones.
Role of nervous tissue in message transmission, comprising brain, spinal cord, and neurons.
Expression of gratitude.
More Related Content
Tiissue
- 1. SAINIK SCHOOL AMBIKAPUR SUMMERVACATION PROJECT Name – Shahnawaj Alam School no. – 304 Class – IX-B Subject – Biology Sub. Teacher – Mr.S.K.Dubey
- 2.
- 3. DEFINITION A group orcollection of similar cells performing or help to perform same function and arise from the same origin are called tissues. The tissues are of different types depending on the functions of the organism, they are mainly of two categories PLANT TISSUES and ANIMAL TISSUES.
- 4. PLANT TISSUES Plants performfunctions which are different from animals and also their structure is different , hence they have tissues which are different from animals. They are further classified into many sub categories which is shown in the table below:
- 5. Plant Tissues Meristimatic Tissues (Thesecells continuously divide throughout the life of the plant) Apical Meristem Lateral Meristem Intercalary Meristem Permanent Tissues (Cells with speciallised structure and function that have lost their ability to divide further) Simple Permanent Tissue Parenchyma Collenchyma Sclerenchyma Complex Permanent Tissue Xylem Phloem
- 6. MERISTEMATIC TISSUE The maincharacteristic of this tissue is that it is responsible for the growth of plants. The cells of this tissue continuously divide and later differentiate ( i.e. get converted ) into permanent tissue.
- 7. CHARACTERISTICS OF THETISSUE The cells are made of thin & elastic cell wall made of cellulose. The cells may be round , oval, polygonal or rectangular in shape. They are compact, having no intercellular space. There is a large nucleus and abundant cytoplasm. The protoplasm contains very few or no vacuoles at all.
- 8. THIS TISSUE OCCURSAT SPECIFIC REGIONS OF THE PLANT BODY This is so because in plant body growth occurs only at these regions. Hence , on the basis of this there are 3 types of meristem : 1. APICAL MERISTEM 2. INTERCALARY MERISTEM 3. LATERAL MERISTEM
- 9. APICAL MERISTEM As thename suggests this tissue is present at the apex of the main & lateral shoots and roots. This tissue gives the plant body a linear growth.
- 10. LATERAL MERISTEM This tissuelies on the sides of the plant body. It lies under the bark of the plant in form of cork cambium. It gives the plant it’s width or girth.
- 11. INTERCALARY MERISTEM This tissueis present at the base of the nodes, internodes, leaves etc. They are also present in between the permanent tissue. They give the plant growth in length.
- 12. PERMANENT TTISSUE These tissuesarise from the meristematic tissue. The cells of this tissue gradually loose their power to divide and acquire a definite shape, size and function. These tissues may be living or dead. There are 2 types of permanent tissues 1. Simple permanent tissue 2. Complex permanent tissue.
- 13. SIMPLE PERMANENT TISSUE Thistissue comprises of same type of cells which perform the same function and all arise from the same origin. There are three categories of simple permanent tissues: Parenchyma, Collenchyma, & Sclerenchyma.
- 14. THE THREE SIMPLEPERMANENT TISSUES
- 15. PARENCHYMA Characteristics: a) The cellsare living. b) The cells are thin walled. c) There may or may not be intercellular spaces. d) They are the most unspecialized cells. e) No depositions are seen, the cell wall consists only of cellulose. f) There is a prominent nucleus, cytoplasm & vacuoles.
- 16. There are somespecial types of parenchyma tissues : Storage parenchyma : The cells enlarge to store nutrients & water. Aerenchyma : Air cavities are present in the parenchyma tissue to provide buoyancy to the aquatic plants. Chlorenchyma : These parenchyma cells have presence of chlorophyll & hence can perform the function of photosynthesis. Parenchyma tissue is found generally in all parts of the plant body. It forms the Ground tissue in leaves, stem, roots & fruits etc.
- 17. FUNCTIONS OF PARENCHYMA a)To store materials such as starch, proteins, hormones etc. And waste products such as gum, tannin, resin etc. b) Parenchyma cells perform the metabolic activities of the plant. c) Forms the packaging tissue between the specialized tissue. d) By providing turgidity , they provide mechanical strength. e) Chlorenchyma helps in performing photosynthesis.
- 18.
- 19. Characteristics: a) Ithas cells which are somewhat elongated. b) The cell walls are thin except at the angular region ( where the cells join). The thickenings are caused due to deposition of cellulose or pectin. c) There is o or less intercellular space. d) The cells are living, have distinct nucleus & dense protoplasm. e) They often contain chlorophyll. Functions : a) Providing mechanical strength is the primary function. b) Provide flexibility. c) Photosynthesis, as they contain chlorophyll. They are present below the epidermis in dicot stems and leaves. They absent in dicot roots and all parts of monocot plants. CHARACTERISTICS AND FUNCTIONS
- 20.
- 21. ANIMAL TISSUES ANIMAL tissuesare of four types: 1.Epithelial. 2.Muscular. 3.Connective. 4.Nervous.
- 22. EPITHELIAL TISSUES This tissueforms outer living of the body. It protects interval organ from external environment. It is of four types: Squamous. Cubic. Ciliated columnar. Glandular.
- 23. SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM It ismade up of thin, flat irregular Shaped cells . It also forms a selectively permeable surface through which filtration occurs .
- 24. CUBIC EPITHELIUM It consistsof cube like cell which are square in section but the free surface appear hexagonal. It is found in kindly tubules, thyroid, vesicles and in glands.
- 25. CILIATED COLUMNAR This epithelialis formed by in the sperm ducts. The rhythmic, concentrated beating of the cilia moves solid particles in one direction through the ducts.
- 26. MUSCULAR TISSUES This tissueis that which is responsible in our body. This tissue is divided in three types: Striated muscle. Smooth muscle. Cardiac muscle.
- 27. STRIATED MUSCLE The cellsof this muscle have many nucleus. These muscle show alternate light &dark bands. These help in body movement. These are present in our limbs.
- 28. SMOOTH MUSCLE These havelong cells which have single nucleus. The cells of this muscle is spindle in shape. They are also called unstraited because we can not control them
- 29. CARDIAC MUSCLE It isthe muscle which is present in heart. These muscle are also called involuntary muscle. These muscle have cylindrical &branched muscle.
- 30. CONNECTIVE TISSUES It servesas storage Sid of calcium & phosphate. Bone provides shape & skeleton support to the body. Cartilage provides support & flexibility.
- 31. NERVOUS TISSUE A Tissuewhich is specialized to transmit messages in our body is nervous transmit. Brain, spinal cord and nerves are all composed of nervous tissues. Nervous tissues contains highly specialized unit cells called nerve cells or neurons.
- 32.