The document discusses 'comet' techniques in web development, which utilize long-lived HTTP connections for real-time communication between clients and servers, reducing latency compared to traditional polling methods. It traces the history of comet technology, outlines various techniques used to implement it, and highlights the challenges such as handling numerous simultaneous connections and cross-domain issues. Tools like the Bayeux protocol and CometD are introduced as methods to simplify the deployment of comet applications, emphasizing their increasing prevalence in web development.