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This document provides an overview of ICT for education, including: - The potential benefits of ICT including expanded access, increased efficiency, enhanced learning and teaching, skill formation, and improved management. - Key prerequisites for effective ICT implementation in education such as educational policy, infrastructure, content, personnel training, and financial resources. - Different levels of ICT use in education from passive to active based on the learning objective and role of the learner.
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Tool 1 1-ppt-01
- 1. ICT for Education AnOverview Prepared by Wadi D. Haddad
- 2. Overview ICTs inEducation – Dilemmas and Realities Role and Nature of ICTs in Education Potential of ICTs From Potential to Effectiveness
- 3. Dilemmas Qs about Valueof ICTs Myths Pressures •Belief •Doubt •Wait •Belief •Doubt •Wait •Monolithic •Automatic •Computers •Substitute •Monolithic •Automatic •Computers •Substitute •Vendors •Parents •Business •Techies •Vendors •Parents •Business •Techies Realities Analyze Educational objectives Determine Objective for ICT Understand Potential of ICTs Examine suitability of ICTs Plan program of investment Implement prerequisites and corequisites Evaluate and adjust continuously Decision Maker
- 4. Necessity of ICTs •Globalizationof •Economy •Information • Tech Innovations • Knowledge-based •Economy •Society •Escalating Demand for Education Effective Learning For All Anytime Anywhere
- 5. ICTs for LearningObjectives ICTs for What Purpose Learning Objective Technology Text Audio Video Computer Internet Storage or display x x x x x Exploration x x x x x Application x x x Analysis x x Evaluation x x x x x Constructing or design of project x x x
- 6. ICTs for WhatPurpose ICTs for Teaching Objectives Teaching Objective Technology Text Audio Video Computer Internet Presentation x x x x x Demonstration x x x x x Drill and practice x (e.g., Language lab) x x Animation and simulation x x Research x x x x x Collaboration/ communication networked x Management of student learning x x x
- 7. ICTs and theSchool Technologies on Location Technologies at a Distance Printed matter Correspondence Slides, transparencies Scanners Digital notepads and white boards Audiotapes Radio Films and videos TV broadcasts Digital books Web pages CDs Web: Internet, intranet Computer projection Webcast ICTs for What Purpose
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- 9. Potential: 1. Expanding EducationalOpportunities • Radio Broadcast • Interactive Radio Instruction • Television • Virtual Schools • Virtual Universities
- 10. Potential: 2. Increasing Efficiency Issues Dual Shift Systems Multigrade Schools Small Urban or Rural Schools Flexibility in Learning Schedule Solutions Broadcast Radio Interactive Radio Educational TV Virtual Online Courses
- 11. Potential: 3. Enhancing Qualityof Learning Potential • Motivate and engage learners • Bring life to concepts and processes • Foster inquiry • Provide flexibility • Allow application of information • Provide access to world of information • Bring the world into the classroom • Offer collaborative opportunities and communication • Offer tutored and individualized learning Solutions • Radio and TV • Multimedia Learning Modules • Virtual Labs • Connecting to the Worlds • Designing and Creating Things
- 12. Potential: 4. Enhancing Qualityof Teaching Issues • Difficult Profession • No One-Shot Training • Continuum Initial Training Lifelong Upgrading Connecting Solutions • Multimedia Training and Support System • Training Videos • Teacher Development Portal • Internet Resources for Teachers
- 13. Potential: 5. Facilitating SkillFormation • New Workplace Realities • E-Training Just-in-Time Convenient Place Up-to-Pate User-centric Solutions Simulations Competency-based multi-media Video and Interactive media Workplace Training
- 14. Potential: 6. Sustaining LifelongLearning Issues Workers need to learn new skills Modern societies demand constant updating The “educated” can become obsolete Life-cycle pattern is changing Solutions Radio and TV Multimedia Packages Online Courses Open Universities “Third Age” Universities
- 15. Potential: 7. Improving PolicyPlanning & Management • Management of Institutions and Systems – School: Admissions, student flow, personnel, staff development, facilities… – System: School mapping, personnel payroll, MIS, communication, information, . . . • Management of Policy Making – Storage and analysis of data – Construction and assessment of policy scenarios – Tracer studies and tracking systems
- 16. Potential: 8. Advancing CommunityLinkages Growth in ICT Access 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Main telephone lines (millions) Mobile cellular subscribers (millions) Personal computers (millions) Internet users (millions) Millions
- 17. Potential: 8. Advancing CommunityLinkages Telephones, Cellular phones and PCs per 1,000 inhabitants 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Africa America w/o US & Canada US and Canada Asia Europe Oceania WORLD Telephone subscribers/100 Inhabitants Cellular subscribers/100 Inhabitants PCs/100 inhabitants
- 18. Potential: 8. Advancing CommunityLinkages Internet hosts and users per 10,000 inhabitants 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 Africa America w/o US & Canada US and Canada Asia Europe Oceania WORLD Internet Hosts/10,000 inhabitants Internet Users/10,000 inhabitants
- 19. Potential: 8. Advancing CommunityLinkages • ICT access varies within countries • Disparities is magnified by gender factor • ICT access contributes to escape from poverty • ICT access for all requires attention to – Infrastructure – Cost – Laws and regulations
- 20. Radio Stations andReceivers Digital Satellite Radio Crank Radio Crank/Solar Radio Suitcase Radio Station
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- 22. Women-Friendly Telecenters • Withinaccepted culture; fosters harmony • Women do not have to travel far • Center meets needs of men and women • No childcare problem • Space is roomy and provides privacy • Staff is well integrated
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- 24. From Potential toEffectiveness 1. Educational Policy 2. Approach to ICTs 3. Infrastructure 4. ICT-Enhanced Content 5. Committed and Trained Personnel 6. Financial Resources 7. Integration 8. Piloting and Evaluation
- 25. Conclusion • To Techor not to Tech Education • ICT ―― Education More Effective and► Responsive ICTs X
- 26. “We do notthink anymore of the spectacle of printing every time we read a book, the phenomenon of TV every time we watch a movie, or the miracle of the telephone every time we make a call. The ultimate success of ICTs for learning will be attained when we stop marveling about the ICTs and apply our minds and emotions to the wonders of learning.”
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- 28. Levels of ICTs Constructingor design of Project Evaluation Analysis Application Exploration Storage or display Passive ACTIVE LEARNER’S ROLE Levels of ICTs for Different Learning Objectives and Roles of Learners LEARNING OBJECTIVE
- 29. Levels of ICTsfor Different Teaching Uses and Roles of Teachers Levels of ICTs Management of Student Learning Collaboration/Co mmunication Research Animation/ Simulation Drill & Practice Demonstration Presentation Provider Facilitator TEACHER’S ROLE TEACHING OBJECTIVE Go Back
- 30. Infrastructure Namibia Schoolnet Pedal PowerGenerator Solar Energy Wind Power Generator Go Back
- 31. 5. Costing andBudgeting Total Cost of Ownership Acquisition - hardware and software Installation and configuration Connectivity Maintenance : 15-20% of initial investment Supplies: 8-10% Utilities: 4-8% Computer training 5-10% Retrofitting of physical facilities replacement costs (5-7 years) Additional Costs Acquisition and creation of content materials Orientation and training of staff Testing, evaluation and adjustment 31-48% Go Back