Towards a National Data Infrastructure. First Insights Regarding Its Design and Its Governance.
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The document discusses the design and governance of a national data infrastructure in Switzerland, focusing on inter-organizational collaboration and data access. It highlights the need for a coordinated approach involving various stakeholders, including public and private sectors, to optimize data use and improve services. Key challenges include clarifying data provisions, legal regulations, and ensuring effective participation from civil society.
Towards a National Data Infrastructure. First Insights Regarding Its Design and Its Governance.
- 1. Bern University of Applied Sciences | E-Government Institute Towards a National Data Infrastructure First Insights Regarding Its Design and Its Governance Opendata.ch Conference, 13 June 2016, Lausanne Beat Estermann, Marianne Fraefel, Prof. Dr. Alessia Neuroni
- 2. Bern University of Applied Sciences | E-Government Institute Bundesrätin Doris Leuthard anlässlich der Infrastrukturtagung in Zürich, 6. November 2015 (Foto: Thomas Selzam, Berner Fachhochschule) How to Deal with Risks and Opportunities Related to Big Data?
- 3. Bern University of Applied Sciences | E-Government Institute Project « Governance Framework for a National Data Infrastructure in Switzerland » Research Questions: ▶ How should a national data infrastructure in Switzerland look like? ▶ How should inter-organizational collaboration and participation be organized in view of the establishment and the maintenance of a national data infrastructure? Methodological Approach: ▶ Preliminary Project (ongoing) Cooperation Bern UAS/opendata.ch, funded by Hasler Stiftung ▶ Analysis of experiences in other countries ▶ Interviews with representatives from various stakeholder groups (ca. 20 expert interviews) ▶ Project submission within NRP75 «Big Data» (June 2016) ▶ Prof. Dr. Alessia C. Neuroni (Berner Fachhochschule) ▶ Prof. Dr. Philippe Cudré-Mauroux (Université de Fribourg) ▶ Prof. Dr. Daniel Hürlimann (Universität St.Gallen)
- 4. Bern University of Applied Sciences | E-Government Institute Design of a National Data Infrastructure National Data Infrastructure Coordination regarding legal, ethical, political, organizational, economic, semantic, and technical aspects Base Registers Authenticity, Integrity, Reliability Open Data Openness (on a technical and legal scale) MyData User empowerment, Access to personal data, Sharing of personal data Big Data Methodology for data analysis Linking heterogeneous datasets Data as Infrastructure Resource can be used in a non-rival fashion, used in downstream productive activities, serve as inputs for a wide range of goods and services (including public and social goods)
- 5. Bern University of Applied Sciences | E-Government Institute ▶ A NDI is a nationwide (distributed) technical infrastructure (portals, platforms, services etc.) that allows the access to and exchange of data on the basis of predefined rules. ▶ purpose: support data-driven value creation / help realize the potential value of existing data ▶ no monolithic block ▶ does not exist in isolation ▶ provision is at least in part of public responsibility What data does it comprise? ▶ Government data: YES, they are at the core! ▶ Other data: YES, but which data exactly requires further clarification National Data Infrastructure: Tentative Definition
- 6. Bern University of Applied Sciences | E-Government Institute ▶ Efficiency gains (access to more data, standardized data, inter-organizational exchange of data, and shared infrastructures) ▶ Better services for users (new or improved services thanks to new insights or better integration of information across organizational boundaries) ▶ Improved image of government agencies and public enterprises ▶ Reduced costs related to data acquisition For several interview partners the purpose of a national data infrastructure still needs clarification, particularly from the point of view of private companies. Purpose of a National Data Infrastructure
- 7. Bern University of Applied Sciences | E-Government Institute ▶ We need a step-by-step process combining a bottom-up and a top-down approach: ▶ Bottom-up: publish data; involve citizens and private companies; develop use cases ▶ Top-down: strategic framework; political decisions ▶ The two approaches need to be synchronized; civil society needs to play the role of a mediator. Process of Creating a National Data Infrastructure
- 8. Bern University of Applied Sciences | E-Government Institute Key Stakeholder Groups Stakeholder Group Role Politics Create the necessary framework conditions Issue a mandate to the public authorities Public Administration Provide data Foster the debate, play a coordinating role Contribute to the setup of the technical infrastructure Public Enterprises Needs clarification (Contribute to the setup of the technical infrastructure, provide data, re-use data) Private Enterprises Needs clarification Civil Society Promote the networking and the dialogue between different stakeholders Universities Provide data, Provide infrastructure components
- 9. Bern University of Applied Sciences | E-Government Institute Need for Coordination (1/ 2) Dimension Areas Needing Coordination Technical Basic infrastructure (for the storage, transport, and processing of data) Infrastructure components: data portals, platforms, interfaces for service provision Identity and Access Management Functionalities related to knowledge management Semantic Shared ontologies Metadata Organizational Access regimes (open vs. club model; private data) Data-lifecycle management Processes (data publication, data use etc.) Knowledge management, sharing of know how, support Economic Funding for data provision/basic investment Business models for data enhancement Competitive situation of public enterprises Monetization of data (as an incentive for their provision)
- 10. Bern University of Applied Sciences | E-Government Institute Need for Coordination (2/2) Dimension Areas Needing Coordination Legal Regulations regarding data protection and data security Regulations regarding the use of government data (fee system; usage restrictions, e.g. in analogy to copyleft) Regulations regarding data provision (tasks and responsibilities, liability issues) Regulation of the use of personal data Political Legal foundations / legal mandate (Clarification of government agencies’ responsibilities) Coordination (across sectors and federal levels) Ethical Norms regarding the use of data
- 11. Bern University of Applied Sciences | E-Government Institute Wassily Kandinsky (1866-1944) without title (1923), Public Domain Thank You for Your Attention! Beat Estermann Marianne Fraefel Prof. Dr. Alessia C. Neuroni Bern University of Applied Sciences E-Government Institute André Golliez Association opendata.ch Ton Zijlstra The Green Land (Netherlands) Contact: [email protected]