Tower Fermernter
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This document discusses tower fermenters, which are elongated fermentation vessels with a height to width aspect ratio of 6:1 or more that allow for the unidirectional flow of gases. There are several types of tower fermenters including bubble columns, vertical tower beer fermenters, and multistage fermenter systems. Tower fermenters have been used for the production of products such as citric acid, tetracycline, beer, and to cultivate organisms like yeast and E. coli. They provide a simple design for aerobic fermentation of cells and enzymes.
Tower Fermernter
- 1. TOWER FERMENTER PRESENTED BY S.KIRUTHIKA, III BIOTECHNOLOGY.
- 2. Bioprocess technology is the sub-discipline within biotechnology that combines living matter in the form of organisms or enzymes with nutrients under specific optimal conditions to make a desired product.
- 3. Latin word “Fervere , to boil “. Pasteurs “life without air”. Fermenter refers to growth of large quantities of cells under anaerobic or aerobic conditions within a vessel called “FERMENTER” or “BIOREACTOR”. Similar vessels are used in processes involving cell free and immobilized enzyme transformation.
- 5. An elongated non mechanically stirred fermenter having the aspect ratio 6:1 for tubular section and 10:1 for overall , through which there is a unidirectional flow of gases. Simple tower fermenter are those with are sparger at the base used for citric acid production. Humid sterile air was supplied through the base.
- 7. They are several different types of tower fermenter, which are as grouped follows on the basis of their design: Bubble columns Vertical tower beer fermenter Multistage fermenter system
- 8. These are the simplest type of tower fermenters; they consist of glass or metal tubes into which air is introduced at the base Fermenter volumes from 3 / to up to 950 / have been used, and the aspect ratio may be up to 16 : 1. These tower fermenters have been used for citric acid and tetracycline production, and for a range of other fermentations based on mycelial fungi.
- 10. These fermenters were designed for beer production and to maximise yeast biomass yields. A series of perforated plates are placed at intervals to maximise yeast yields. It has a settling zone free of gas. In this zone, yeast cells settle down to the bottom and return to the main body of the tower fermenter, and clear beer could be removed from the fermenter. Tower of up to 20,000 / capacity and capable of producing up to 90,000 I beer per day have been installed.
- 11. MULTISTAGE FERMENTER SYSTEM: In these fermenters, a column forms the body of vessel, which is divided into compartments by placing perforated plates across the fermenter. About 10% of the horizontal area of plates perforated. These fermenters have been used for continuous culture of E.coli , S. cerevisiae (yeast) and activated sludge.
- 12. FERMENTATION BIOTECHNOLOGY: Dairy industries- curd / yogurt , butter , cheese Alcohol based industries – beer / wine , toddy , vinegar. ENVIROMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY: Water and waste water treatment Bioremediation Solid waste management industries composting biogas.
- 13. AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY: Biofertilizers Biopesticides Composting PHARMACEUTICALS INDUSTRIES: Antibiotics Steroids Vaccines Probiotics Food supplements