Training of Saccade and Pursuits .pptx
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The document outlines various training methods for improving saccadic and pursuit eye movements, including loose prism jumps, Hart chart exercises, and visual tracing activities. It details objectives, equipment needed, and procedural steps for each training method to enhance the accuracy and speed of eye movements. Additionally, it provides modifications and further challenges to increase difficulty and effectiveness of训练.
Training of Saccade and Pursuits .pptx
- 1. TRAINNING METHODS OF SACCADES AND PURSUITS Bipin Koirala M.Optometry and Vision Science
- 2. Loose Prism Jumps Objectives The objectives of loose prism jumps are to improve the accuracy and speed of saccadic eye movements. The procedure is always performed monocularly. Equipment Needed Loose prisms with the following powers: 12, 10, 8, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, and 0.5 Δ A variety of fixation targets to be used at distance and near, ranging in size from 20/60 to 20/20
- 3. Description and Setup: While the patient views a target monocularly, a prism is placed before the fixating eye. Because the prism displaces the image of the fixation object off the fovea, a saccade will be necessary to regain foveal fixation. The objectives are for the patient to be able to quickly and accurately regain fixation. In addition, an important goal is for the patient to be sensitive to very small amounts of prism..
- 4. Begin with larger targets (20/60) and decrease the target size until the patient can work with 20/20-size print with 0.5 Δ. When the therapist works with the patient, the placement of the base of the prism should be varied each time (base-up, base-down, right, left, and any combination). Endpoint Discontinue this therapy technique when the patient is able to make an accurate rapid saccade using 0.5 Δ and a 20/20 target at both a distance and near-working distance.
- 5. Hart Chart: Saccadic Therapy Objectives The objectives of the Hart chart for saccadic therapy are to increase the speed and accuracy of saccadic fixation. Equipment Needed Large Hart chart for distance viewing Eye patch
- 6. Description and Setup: Place the Hart chart about 2-3 meter from the patient. Occlude the patient’s left eye with an eye patch and instruct the patient to call out the first letter in column 1 and then the first letter in column 10, And the second letter from the top in column 1 and the second letter from the top in column 10, the third letter from the top in column 1 and the third letter from the top in column 10, and so forth. Continue until the patient has called out all letters from columns 1 and 10.
- 7. As the patient calls out the letters, write down the responses and, when the task is completed, have the patient check his or her accuracy. Requiring the patient to check for errors is, in itself, another saccadic therapy technique. Now the patient will have to make saccades from far to near to check for errors.
- 8. Once the patient is able to complete this task in about 15 seconds without any errors, you can increase the level of difficulty in several ways. Ask the patient to continue calling out letters in the other columns. Specifically, after completing columns 1 and 10, have the patient call out columns 2 and 9, 3 and 8, 4 and 7, and 5 and 6. The inner columns are more difficult because they are surrounded by other targets.
- 9. Increase the level of difficulty are possible, including the use of : 1. Multiple Hart charts and split Hart charts, 2. Incorporating the click of a metronome 3. Requiring the patient to maintain balance on a balance board while engaged in the task.
- 10. Modification of Hart Chart Hart chart quad (3 foot apart) and individual standing 4-6 foot away done binocularly
- 11. Four Corner Saccades: Monocularly 10 cycles CW And CCW 10 foot away patient
- 12. Modified Stripe Hart Chart Stripes 2 foot apart Patient 5 to 10 foot Monocular Add metronome,balance board for loading
- 13. Saccadic work book Saccade plus reading ability Place book 50 cm away Read out undelined letter top to bottom and then left to right Can look for time taken to complete task.
- 14. Wayne saccadic fixator Stand arm length away form fixator Fixate at centre and aware at periphery, shift fixation to periphery press the loght with hand and change fixation to centre
- 15. Letter And Symbol Tracking Objectives The objectives of letter and symbol tracking are to increase the speed and accuracy of saccadic fixation. These procedures are generally used with children. Equipment Needed Letter and symbol tracking workbooks Plastic sheet, 8.5 × 11 in. Paper clip Pen used for overhead transparencies (washable type) Eye patch
- 16. Post it saccades Training Helps for smooth and accurate fixation
- 17. 15 notes Uncluttered wall Bulls eye at centre at eye level and notes scattered around randomly Patient 2-3 meter away Find note 1 with peripheral vision shift fixation to 1 and rerturn fixation to bulls eye Repeat for note 2 till 15
- 18. VISUAL TRACING Objectives The objectives of this technique are to improve the accuracy and speed of pursuit eye movements. Equipment Needed Visual tracing workbooks Plastic sheet, 8.5 × 11 in. Paper clip Pen used for overhead transparencies (washable type) Eye patch
- 21. ROTATOR-TYPE INSTRUMENTS Objectives The objectives of this technique are to improve the accuracy and speed of pursuit eye movements. Equipment Needed Rotating pegboards Automatic rotating devices (NVR programme) Eye patch
- 22. 10 min each eye , two times a day 3meter away patient sits Select speed 5 first and finally target upto 12 speed setting Total 8 targets in rotating pegboard software Do CW and ACW Instruct the eye to track the letter with blue colour. If next new letter becomes blue change fixation to that new letter Beep sound from computer indicate eye is being lagging to follow or track the letter in blue
- 24. Wolf Wand Training For Saccade and pursuit The wands are used in pairs and consist of 12" long metal rods topped with reflective silver and gold balls.
- 25. Spoon pursuit activity 10 minutes each eye do by standing erect See your own face in convex side of spoon Move spoon slowly in 1. Left to right vice versa (horizontally) 2. Up down and viveversa 3. Oblique 4. CW and ACW Patient follow spoon with eye without moving head
- 26. Pursuit Eye Movements with Marsden ball
- 27. 27 - The Marsden ball is commonly used to improve pursuit eye movement accuracy. - The patient is challenged to maintain fixation on specific letters on the ball while it is moved in various patterns. - The exercise typically begins with the ball swinging on a plane perpendicular to the athlete’s line of sight. - When performance becomes smooth and efficient, the ball is swung in elliptical trajectories that induce changes in relative depth throughout the course the ball travels.
- 28. Further reading DOMP 1 therapy DOMP 2 3 Michigan tracking
- 29. References Neurovision rehablitation guide by Amy chang