![• By the mid-1970s both trans-gender and trans people were in use
as umbrella terms,[note 1] and 'transgenderist' was used to
describe people who wanted to live cross-gender without sex
reassignment surgery (SRS).
• By 1976, transgenderist was abbreviated as TG in educational
materials.
• By 1984, the concept of a "transgender community" had
developed, in which transgender was used as an umbrella term. in
1985, richard elkins established the "trans-gender archive" at the
university of ulster.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/transgender-180405035629/85/Transgender-12-320.jpg)
![• Queer is also increasingly used to describe non-normative[note 1]
(i.E. Anti-heteronormative and anti-homonormative) identities and
politics.
• Academic disciplines such as queer theory and queer studies
share a general opposition to binarism, normativity, and a
perceived lack of intersectionality within the mainstream LGBT
movement.
• Queer arts, queer cultural groups, and queer political groups are
examples of expressions of queer identities.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/transgender-180405035629/85/Transgender-15-320.jpg)
![• Michael A. Gilbert, professor at the department of philosophy, York University,
Toronto, offers this definition: "[A cross-dresser] is a person who has an
apparent gender identification with one sex, and who has and certainly has
been birth-designated as belonging to [that] sex, but who wears the clothing of
the opposite sex because it is that of the opposite sex.”
• This definition excludes people "who wear opposite sex clothing for other
reasons," such as "those female impersonators who look upon dressing as
solely connected to their livelihood, actors undertaking roles, individual males
and females enjoying a masquerade, and so on. These individuals are cross
dressing but are not cross dressers.“
• Cross-dressers may not identify with, want to be, or adopt the behaviours or
practices of the opposite gender and generally do not want to change their
bodies medically.
• The majority of cross-dressers identify as heterosexual.
• People who cross-dress in public sometimes may have a desire to pass as the
opposite gender, so as not to be detected as a cross-dresser.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/transgender-180405035629/85/Transgender-17-320.jpg)
Transgender
- 1. TRANSGENDER PREPARED BY ANJU A KEYI SAHIB TRAINING COLLEGE
- 2. TRANSGENDER • Transgender people are those who have a gender identity or gender expression that differs from their assigned sex. • Transgender people are sometimes called transsexual if they desire medical assistance to transition from one gender to another.
- 3. • Transgender is also an umbrella term: in addition to including people whose gender identity is the opposite of their assigned sex (trans men and trans women), it may include people who are not exclusively masculine or feminine (people who are genderqueer or non-binary, including bigender, pangender, genderfluid, or agender). • Other definitions of transgender also include people who belong to a third gender, or conceptualize transgender people as a third gender. Infrequently, the term transgender is defined very broadly to include cross-dressers, regardless of their gender identity.
- 4. BIGENDER • Bigender, bi-gender or dual gender is a gender identity that includes any two gender identities and behaviors, possibly depending on context. • Some bigender individuals express two distinct personas, which may be feminine, masculine, agender, androgyne, or other gender identities; others find that they identify as two genders simultaneously. • It is recognized by the american psychological association (APA) as a subset of the transgender group. • A 1999 survey conducted by the san francisco department of public health observed that, among the transgender community, less than 3% of those who were assigned male at birth and less than 8% of those who were assigned female at birth identified as bigender.
- 5. PANGENDER • Pangender is a non-binary gender defined as being more than one gender. A pangender person may consider themselves a member of all genders. • the prefix pan is greek and means "all". • pangender is a kind of third gender, much like bigender, trigender, or genderqueer. • pangender individuals may identify with gender inclusive or gender neutral pronouns instead of gendered ones (such as she/he or her/him).
- 6. • Being transgender is independent of sexual orientation: transgender people may identify as heterosexual, homosexual, bisexual, asexual, or may decline to label their sexual orientation. • The term transgender is also distinguished from intersex, a term that describes people born with physical sex characteristics "that do not fit typical binary notions of male or female bodies". • The counterpart of transgender is cisgender, which describes persons whose gender identity or expression matches their assigned sex.
- 7. INTERSEX • Intersex people are born with any of several variations in sex characteristics including chromosomes, gonads, sex hormones, or genitals that, according to the UN office of the high commissioner for human rights, "do not fit the typical definitions for male or female bodies". • Such variations may involve genital ambiguity, and combinations of chromosomal genotype and sexual phenotype other than xy- male and xx-female.
- 8. • Intersex people were previously referred to as hermaphrodites, "congenital eunuchs", or congenitally "frigid". • Such terms have fallen out of favor; in particular, the term "hermaphrodite" is considered to be misleading, stigmatizing, and scientifically specious. • Medical description of intersex traits as disorders of sex development has been controversial since the label was introduced in 2006.
- 9. CISGENDER • Cisgender (often abbreviated to simply cis) is a term for people whose gender identity matches the sex that they were assigned at birth. • Cisgender may also be defined as those who have "a gender identity or perform a gender role society considers appropriate for one's sex". • It is the opposite of the term transgender.
- 10. Transgender Congruence. • The degree to which individuals feel genuine, authentic, and comfortable within their external appearance and accept their genuine identity has been called transgender congruence. • Many transgender people experience gender dysphoria, and some seek medical treatments such as hormone replacement therapy, sex reassignment surgery, or psychotherapy. • Not all transgender people desire these treatments, and some cannot undergo them for financial or medical reasons.
- 11. EVOLUTION OF TRANSGENDER TERMINOLOGY • Psychiatrist John F. Oliven of columbia university coined the term transgender in his 1965 reference work sexual hygiene and pathology, writing that the term which had previously been used, transsexualism, "is misleading; actually, 'transgenderism' is meant, because sexuality is not a major factor in primary transvestism.“ • the term transgender was then popularized with varying definitions by various transgender, transsexual, and transvestite people, including virginia prince, who used it in the december 1969 issue of transvestia, a national magazine for cross dressers she founded.
- 12. • By the mid-1970s both trans-gender and trans people were in use as umbrella terms,[note 1] and 'transgenderist' was used to describe people who wanted to live cross-gender without sex reassignment surgery (SRS). • By 1976, transgenderist was abbreviated as TG in educational materials. • By 1984, the concept of a "transgender community" had developed, in which transgender was used as an umbrella term. in 1985, richard elkins established the "trans-gender archive" at the university of ulster.
- 13. • By 1992, the international conference on transgender law and employment policy defined transgender as an expansive umbrella term including "transsexuals, transgenderists, cross dressers", and anyone transitioning. • Leslie Feinberg's pamphlet, "transgender liberation: A movement whose time has come", circulated in 1992, identified transgender as a term to unify all forms of gender nonconformity; in this way transgender has become synonymous with queer.
- 14. QUEER • Queer is an umbrella term for sexual and gender minorities who are not heterosexual and/or not cisgender. • Originally meaning "strange" or "peculiar", queer came to be used pejoratively against those with same-sex desires or relationships in the late 19th century. • Beginning in the late 1980s, queer scholars and activists began to reclaim the word to establish community and assert an identity distinct from the gay identity. • People who reject traditional gender identities and seek a broader and deliberately ambiguous alternative to the label LGBT may describe themselves as queer.
- 15. • Queer is also increasingly used to describe non-normative[note 1] (i.E. Anti-heteronormative and anti-homonormative) identities and politics. • Academic disciplines such as queer theory and queer studies share a general opposition to binarism, normativity, and a perceived lack of intersectionality within the mainstream LGBT movement. • Queer arts, queer cultural groups, and queer political groups are examples of expressions of queer identities.
- 16. TRANSVESTITE OR CROSS-DRESSER • A transvestite is a person who cross-dresses, or dresses in clothes typically associated with the gender opposite the one they were assigned at birth. • The term transvestite is used as a synonym for the term cross-dresser, although cross-dresser is generally considered the preferred term. • The term cross-dresser is not exactly defined in the relevant literature.
- 17. • Michael A. Gilbert, professor at the department of philosophy, York University, Toronto, offers this definition: "[A cross-dresser] is a person who has an apparent gender identification with one sex, and who has and certainly has been birth-designated as belonging to [that] sex, but who wears the clothing of the opposite sex because it is that of the opposite sex.” • This definition excludes people "who wear opposite sex clothing for other reasons," such as "those female impersonators who look upon dressing as solely connected to their livelihood, actors undertaking roles, individual males and females enjoying a masquerade, and so on. These individuals are cross dressing but are not cross dressers.“ • Cross-dressers may not identify with, want to be, or adopt the behaviours or practices of the opposite gender and generally do not want to change their bodies medically. • The majority of cross-dressers identify as heterosexual. • People who cross-dress in public sometimes may have a desire to pass as the opposite gender, so as not to be detected as a cross-dresser.
- 18. DRAG KINGS AND QUEENS • Drag is a term applied to clothing and makeup worn on special occasions for performing or entertaining, unlike those who are transgender or who cross-dress for other reasons. • Drag performance includes overall presentation and behavior in addition to clothing and makeup. • Drag can be theatrical, comedic, or grotesque. Drag queens have been considered caricatures of women by second-wave feminism.
- 19. • Drag artists have a long tradition in LGBT culture. • Generally the term drag queen covers men doing female drag, drag king covers women doing male drag, and faux queen covers women doing female drag. • Nevertheless, there are drag artists of all genders and sexualities who perform for various reasons. • Some drag performers, transvestites, and people in the gay community have embraced the pornographically-derived term tranny to describe drag queens or people who engage in transvestism or cross-dressing; however, this term is widely considered offensive if applied to transgender people.
- 20. LGBT COMMUNITY • The concepts of gender identity and transgender identity differ from that of sexual orientation. • sexual orientation describes an individual's enduring physical, romantic, emotional, or spiritual attraction to another person, while gender identity is one's personal sense of being a man or a woman
- 21. • Transgender people have more or less the same variety of sexual orientations as cisgender people. • In the past, the terms homosexual and heterosexual were incorrectly used to label transgender individuals' sexual orientation based on their birth sex. • Professional literature now uses terms such as attracted to men (androphilic), attracted to women (gynephilic), attracted to both (bisexual) or attracted to neither (asexual) to describe a person's sexual orientation without reference to their gender identity. • Therapists are coming to understand the necessity of using terms with respect to their clients' gender identities and preferences. • For example, a person who is assigned male at birth, transitions to female, and is attracted to men would be identified as heterosexual.
- 22. • Despite the distinction between sexual orientation and gender, throughout history the gay, lesbian, and bisexual subculture was often the only place where gender-variant people were socially accepted in the gender role they felt they belonged to; especially during the time when legal or medical transitioning was almost impossible. • Today, members of the transgender community often continue to struggle to remain part of the same movement as lesbian, gay, and bisexual people and to be included in rights protections. In addition, the role of the transgender community in the history of LGBT rights is often overlooked, as shown in transforming history.