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Triangles of the neck ppt year 1
- 1. TRIANGLES OF THENECK
- 2. The side ofthe neck presents a somewhat quadrilateral outline . It is limited above by the lower border of the body of the mandible ,and an imaginary line drawn from the angle of the mandible to the mastoid process. Below ,it is limited by the upper border of the clavicle. Medially ,by the midline of the neck. Posteriorly , by the anterior border of the Trapezius muscle .
- 3. Quadrilateral outline inthe neck
- 4.
- 5. This quadrilateral spaceis divided by the Sternocleidomastoid muscle into two main triangles . The Sternocleidomastoid muscle passes obliquely upwards and backwards from its site of origin at the clavicle and sternum to its point of insertion on the mastoid process and the occipital bone . The triangle in front of this muscle is the anterior triangle and the one behind it is the posterior triangle .
- 6. Anterior and posteriortriangles
- 7.
- 8.
- 9. Posterior triangle This is formed by : The Sternocleidomastoid musc .,anteriorly. The Trapezius muscle, posteriorly. The Clavicle ,inferiorly. The apex of the triangle is formed by the occipital bone .
- 10. The ROOF of the posterior triangle is formed by: Skin Superficial fascia Platysma muscle Investing layer of the deep cervical fascia
- 11. The FLOORof the triangle is formed by the following muscles from above downwards: Splenius Capitis Levator scapulae Posterior scalene Middle scalene Anterior scalene
- 12. Subdivisions of theposterior triangle The posterior triangle is further divided into two smaller triangles by the Inferior belly of the Omohyoid muscle . These are the : Supraclavicular triangle Occipital triangle
- 13. Supraclavicular triangle It is formed by the Inferior belly of the Omohyoid , the Clavicle , Sternocleidomastoid muscle.
- 14. The Occipital triangleThe Occipital triangle is formed by the Inferior belly of the Omohyoid The Trapezius muscle Sternocleidomastoid muscle.
- 15. CONTENTS OF THEPOSTERIOR TRIANGLE NERVES and PLEXUSES : Spinal acessory nerve. Branches of Cervical plexus Roots and trunks of brachial plexus.
- 16. Contents of theposterior triangle
- 17.
- 18. VESSELS : Subclavianartery Transverse Cervical artery Suprascapular artery External jugular vein (terminal part)
- 19. LYMPH NODES: OccipitalSupraclavicular MUSCLES: Inferior belly of Omohyoid muscle
- 20. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OFTHE POSTERIOR TRIANGLE The Accessory Nerve may be damaged ,while taking lymph node biopsy. The External Jugular Vein is present in a superficial location here and this makes it vulnerable to injury.
- 21. THE ANTERIOR TRIANGLE
- 22. ANTERIOR TRIANGLE BOUNDARIES:Anterior border of the SCM muscle midline of the neck inferior border of the mandible ROOF: Skin Superfacial fascia and platysma muscle Investing layer of deep cervical fascia
- 23. SUBDIVISIONS OF ANTERIORTRIANGLE
- 24. SUBDIVISIONS OF THEANTERIOR TRIANGLE The anterior triangle is divided into four smaller triangles: SUBMENTAL TRIANGLE SUBMANDIBULAR TRIANGLE CAROTID TRIANGLE MUSCULAR TRIANGLE
- 25. SUBMENTAL TRIANGLE Formedby the : anterior midline of neck hyoid bone anterior belly of digastric muscle
- 26. SUBMANDIBULAR TRIANGLE Formedby: Inferior border of the mandible Anterior belly of the digastric muscle Posterior belly of the digastric muscle
- 27. CAROTID TRIANGLE FORMEDBY : Superior belly of the Omohyoid muscle Sternocleidomastoid muscle Posterior belly of the digastric muscle
- 28. MUSCULAR TRIANGLE Formedby : midline of the neck superior belly of the Omohyoid sternocleidomastoid muscle
- 29. Contents of theanterior triangle
- 30. CONTENTS OF THEANTERIOR TRIANGLE VESSELS: carotid system(CCA,ICA, ECA) Internal Jugular vein NERVES: Cranial nerves 7,9,10,11,12 Cervical plexus
- 31.
- 32. MUSCLES: Suprahyoid muscles: (Digastric , Mylohyoid,Stylohyoid,Geniohyoid )These elevate the hyoid bone , and the floor of the mouth ,and depress the mandible . Infrahyoid muscles : (Sternohyoid,Sternothyroid,Thyrohyoid, Omohyoid ) These depress the hyoid bone and the larynx.
- 33.