Road to database automation: database source control
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- 4. ROAD TO DATABASE AUTOMATION Eduardo Piairo Database Source Control
- 5. DATABASE SOURCE CONTROL– MIGRATIONS VS STATE • Eduardo Piairo • @ Celfinet • DBA • DevOps About me @EdPiairo https://pt.linkedin.com/in/jesuspiairo [email protected] http://www.eduardopiairo.com/
- 6. DATABASE SOURCE CONTROL– MIGRATIONS VS STATE Overview Source Control Continuous Integration Continuous Delivery Database + Application
- 7. DATABASE SOURCE CONTROL– MIGRATIONS VS STATE What’s so special about databases? Overview DLM – Database Lifecycle Management • Data management and data migration • Data monitoring • Data recovery
- 8. ROAD TO DATABASE AUTOMATION – DATABASE SOURCE CONTROL Motivation • Database are out of pace with application development • Need of synchronization between development and DBA teams • No traceability of database changes (changes history) • What changed? Why? When? Who? • Manual databases processes prevent the CI and CD utilization in their full extent • Database release process is manual • Time consuming and error prone • Releases are less frequent and risky
- 9. ROAD TO DATABASE AUTOMATION – DATABASE SOURCE CONTROL Motivation • Tests are manual or do not exists • Bugs in production environment • Database related bugs are only discovered after deployment to production • Fixes and hotfixes have time cost, what can lead to delay a release • Inability to roll back to the previous version of a database • Database setup time of a new environment • Databases become a bottleneck in agile delivery processes
- 10. ROAD TO DATABASE AUTOMATION – DATABASE SOURCE CONTROL Why database automation? • Enable control over database development • Keep a versioned “history” of database sates • Increase release frequency though repeatability of processes • Greater predictability over releases • Efficiency by eliminating the repetition of a range of manual activities • Reduce time spent fixing bugs • More control, less exposure to error
- 11. ROAD TO DATABASE AUTOMATION – DATABASE SOURCE CONTROL Why database automation? • Faster speed of response to change • Automated deployment of smaller units of change • Remove/reduce human intervention in the release process • The build step is automatic triggered by a “push” into source control repository • The deploy step is automatic triggered by a successfully build process • Greater reliability of the release process • Providing a series of automated test stages prior to deployment • Maintain an agile development environment
- 12. ROAD TO DATABASE AUTOMATION – DATABASE SOURCE CONTROL Why database source control? • First step for database automation • Share code (SQL scripts) • Keep history of each change • Your best comunication system • Enforce standards
- 13. DATABASE SOURCE CONTROL– MIGRATIONS VS STATE Migrations-based approach vs State-based approach • Fundamental resource: SQL Script • State based solutions • Script represents the current database state • Your source of truth is how the database should be • Migrations based solutions • Script represents a migration • Migration represents how to transition to the next database version • Your source of truth is how the database should change
- 14. DATABASE SOURCE CONTROL– MIGRATIONS VS STATE Flyway • Flyway – “Database migrations made easy” • http://flywaydb.org/ • Open source database migration tool • My reasons for adopting Flyway (command-line) • Simplicity: easy to setup, no need to install • Zero dependencies (java + jdbc) • Scripts are written in SQL
- 15. ROAD TO DATABASE AUTOMATION – DATABASE SOURCE CONTROL Demo
- 16. DATABASE SOURCE CONTROL– MIGRATIONS VS STATE Flyway – Why database migrations? • Migrations • Recreate a database from scratch • Make it clear at all time what state a database is in • Migrate in a deterministic way from your current version of the database to a newer one
- 17. DATABASE SOURCE CONTROL– MIGRATIONS VS STATE Flyway – How it works? • Flyway commands • Migrate, clean info, validate, baseline repair • Metadata table • Used to track the state of the database • Default name: “schema_version” • If the database is empty, flyway won’t find it and will create it • Flyway scans the migrations directory and check migrations against the metadata table • Migrations are sorted based on their version number and applied in order
- 18. ROAD TO DATABASE AUTOMATION – DATABASE SOURCE CONTROL Version Control System – The system • Two components • Database scripts repository • Flyway – database migrations Example: V20160220.1100__Create_TB_MyTable.sql • Rule 1: Script version (timestamp) • Rule 2: Operation type • Rule 3: Object type • Rule 4: Object name
- 19. ROAD TO DATABASE AUTOMATION – DATABASE SOURCE CONTROL Demo
- 20. ROAD TO DATABASE AUTOMATION – DATABASE SOURCE CONTROL Version Control System – Challenges • Challenge 1 – manage multiple branches • In other words, is necessary to mange merge/interests conflicts • The default branch is the main/master branch and all the merges for this branch must be done with caution • Challenge 2 – script expiration date • Should the migration script have expiration date? • Sometimes, in the next day the migration script makes no sense anymore
- 21. ROAD TO DATABASE AUTOMATION – DATABASE SOURCE CONTROL Version Control System – Challenges • Challenge 3 – migration scripts stack • How can I manage the dependencies between different databases? • And how about dependencies between applications/components • Challenge 4 – developer sandbox • How to supply a disposable development environment where the database is included?
- 22. ROAD TO DATABASE AUTOMATION – DATABASE SOURCE CONTROL What’s next?
- 23. DATABASE SOURCE CONTROL– MIGRATIONS VS STATE Q&A @EdPiairo https://pt.linkedin.com/in/jesuspiairo [email protected] http://www.eduardopiairo.com/