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TYPES OF PILE FOUNDATION & APPLICATIONS
- 1. Subject:- Building Construction(2130607) Branch:-Civil Engineering(3rd Sem.) DEEP PILE FOUNDATION
- 2. Name Enrollment No. MaharshiDave 160420106007 Kishan Bhanderi 160420106022 Nimesh Nakrani 160420106032 Smit Savaliya 160420106057 Namat Uttah 160420106067 Deep Kalthiya 1604201060
- 3. PILE FOUNDATION Thepile foundation is used to describe a construction for the foundation of a wall or a pier, which is supported on the pile. Where it is placed …? The piles may be placed separately or they may be placed in the form of cluster throughout the length of the wall. Where it is adopted …? Piles are adopted when the loose soil extended to a great depth.
- 4. APPLICATION OF PILES The load coming from the structure is very high and the distribution of the load on soil is uneven. The subsoil water level is likely to rise or fall appreciably. The pumping of subsoil water is too costly for keeping the foundation trench in dry condition. The construction of raft foundation is likely to be very expensive or it is likely to practically impossible. The piles are considered to be long when their length exceeds 30 meters.
- 5. PILE APPLICATIONSPILE APPLICATIONS SofttoSoft to Firm ClayFirm Clay Large DistributedLarge Distributed WeightWeight Very Large ConcentratedVery Large Concentrated WeightWeight Strong RockStrong Rock LowLow WeightWeight
- 6. LOADS COMING ONPILE FOUNDATIONS All the loads from the super structure like, - Live Loads - Dead Loads - Wind Loads - Earthquake Loads The Snow Loads in case of the polar areas or where the snow can falls. Water loads in case of off-shore structure.
- 7. PILE MATERIALS Thematerials which are used in the construction of piles are as follows :- Timber piles Steel piles Concrete piles
- 8. PILE MATERIALS SteelTimber ConcreteTimber SteelH Composite Pre-cast Concrete Concrete Steel Pipe
- 9. TYPES OF PILE I.Load bearing piles II. Non-load bearing piles I. Load bearing piles :- It bear the load coming from the structure. The Piles are generally driven vertically or in near vertical position. Load bearing piles are divided into, i. Bearing piles ii. Friction Piles
- 10. BEARING PILES Thispiles penetrate to through the soft soil and their bottoms rest on a hard bed. Thus, they are end bearing piles and act as columns or piers. The soft ground through which the piles pass also gives some lateral support and this increases the load carrying capacity of the bearing piles.
- 11. BEARING PILES Pbase Side Friction EndBearing Pile Load, P
- 12. FRICTION PILES Whenloose soil extends to a great depth, the piles are driven up to such a depth that the frictional resistance developed at the sides of the piles equals the load coming on the piles. Great care should be taken to determine the frictional resistance offered by the soil and suitable factor of safety should be provided in the design. Transmit most of their load through the layers through which the piles pass, i.e., mostly through the surface friction with the surrounding soils.
- 13. FRICTION PILESFRICTION PILES EndBearing Pile Load, P Side Friction P base
- 14. TIMBER PILES - Relativelyinexpensive - Usually limited to short lengths. - Low capacity. Advantages: Easy handling. Non-corrosive material. If permanently submerged then fairly resistant to decay. Disadvantages: May require treatment to prevent decay, insects, and borers from damaging pile. Easily damaged during hard driving and inconvenient to splice.
- 15. STEEL PILES Advantages:- •High axial working capacity. • Wide variety of sizes. • Easy on-site modifications. • Fairly easy to drive, minimal soil displacement, good penetration through hard materials. Disadvantages:- • High cost • difficulty in delivery • relatively higher corrosion • noisy driving.
- 16. CONCRETE PILES Advantages:- •High capacity • Relatively inexpensive • Usually durable and corrosion resistant in many environments (not in marine). Disadvantages:- • Handling, splicing, and transportation difficulties (for precast piles) • Soil caving in cast-in-situ concrete piles.
- 17. PILE SPACING Thecenter to center distance of successive piles is known as pile spacing. It has to be carefully designed by considering the following factors, 1) Types of piles 2) Material of piles 3) Length of piles 4) Grouping of piles 5) Load coming on piles 6) Obstruction during pile driving 7) Nature of soil through which piles are passing.
- 18. S 2 Piles S 3 PilesS 4 Piles S S 5 Piles S S 6 Piles S S S 7 Piles
- 19. S S S 8 Piles SS SS 9 Piles
- 20. NON - LOADBEARING PILES This piles are used to function as the separating members below ground level and they are generally not designed to take any vertical load. This piles are also known as the sheet piles. The materials used for the construction of non load bearing piles are, i. Timber sheet piles ii. Steel sheet piles iii. Concrete sheet piles
- 21. Non load bearingpiles are used for the following purposes:- To isolate foundations from the adjacent soils. This prevents escape of soil and passage of shocks and vibrations to adjoining structure. To prevent underground movement of water like to construct a cofferdam, it requires a water tight enclosure in the construction of foundation under water. To prevent the transfer of machine vibrations to the adjacent structures. To construction of retaining wall. To protect the river banks. To retain the sides of foundation trenches.
- 22. PILE DRIVING Theprocess of forcing the piles into the ground without excavation is termed as the pile driving. The piles should be driven vertically. The eccentricity is measured by means of plumb bob. The equipments required for pile driving are as follows, - Pile fames - Pile hammers - Leads - Winches - Miscellaneous
- 23. PILE INSTALLATION PileInstallation is as important as design. There are two methods for the installation of piles. - Installation by Driving - Installation by Boring
- 24. INSTALLATION OF PILEBY DRIVING Usually Driven piles are driven into the ground by impact force which causes considerable stresses in the piles. The forces and accelerations induced in the pile during driving are recorded using a data logger called Pile Driving Analyzer( PDA). The data obtained by PDA will be used to study the pile integrity and potentially dangerous defects like honey combing, cracks, presence of foreign matter, etc. The PDA works on the principles of wave propagation. Setup to produce impact on the pile Data collector and Analyzer called pile driving analyzer ( PDA)
- 25. OTHER METHODS FORPILE DRIVINGOTHER METHODS FOR PILE DRIVING Dropping weight Explosion Vibration Jacking (only for micro piles) Jetting
- 26. SCHEMATIC SKETCH OFPILE DRIVING WITH HAMMER Drop Hammer Pile (pre cast/cast-in-situ) Driving shoe Hammer Guide Soil