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Tyre technology
- 2. 2 Contents Introduction History of tires Tire Terminology Types of tires Tire Patterns Tire Markings Tire Composition Manufacturing of tires Modern type Tires
- 3. 3 Introduction What is Tire? A tire is a ring-shaped vehicle component that covers the wheel's rim to protect it and enable better vehicle performance Tire’s contribution in automobiles is the most important features of its performance
- 4. 4 History The earliest tires were bands of leather First tire was invented in 1888 John Boyd Dunlop The Vulcanization of natural rubber which he patented in 1844 is credited to Charles Goodyear and Robert William Thomson
- 5. 5 Tire Terminology Components of tires
- 6. 6 Tyre Types According to the tread pattern design we classified tires - into three types 1)Summer tires - They deliver excellent driving and braking performance on wet and dry roads
- 7. 7 Cont… 2)Winter tires – Specifically for the snow and ice covered roads 3)All season tires – More complex tread pattern
- 8. 8 Cont… Types of tires A. Pneumatic: A flexible, hollow rubber tire B. Retreads : Pneumatic tires which inspection have been buffed down to remove all elements of the tread C. Semi Pneumatic Tires: Hollow tires which are not pressurized D. Solid: Manufactured from solid rubber E. Cushion Tires: Similar in construction to a solid tires
- 9. 9 Cont… Further we can divide tires as 1.Street tires – Normal tires 2.Off road tires - Used in mud or dirt feature 3.Mountain bike tires – Similar to off-road tires
- 10. 10 Tire Patterns Tread - The word tread is often used casually to refer to the pattern of grooves molded into the rubber Tread Design Groove:- The groove is the hollow part or the tread Pitch:- A small tread at the edge
- 11. 11 Cont… Patterns of tires Rib shape:- As the name implies the design of this pattern is like a rib shape Asymmetric pattern:- Asymmetric tyres haven a different tread design on the inside to the outside
- 12. 12 Cont… Block shape:- This type of pattern as the name suggests has a block shape design Zigzag shape:- This is a classic tread design for a van
- 13. 13 Cont… Symmetric Tread Pattern:-A symmetric tread pattern has continuous ribs across the entire tread surface Directional tread pattern:-Directional tyres are constructed to perform only when they are mounted to turn in the right direction
- 14. 14 Tire Markings SIDEWALL MARKINGS Most tires are described by an alphanumeric tire code which is generally molded into the sidewall of the tire This code specifies the dimensions of the tyres and some of its key limitations , such as load bearing ability, and maximum speed
- 15. 15 Tire Composition They are made up of numerous different rubber compounds, many different types of carbon black, fillers like clay and silica, and chemicals & minerals added to allow or accelerate vulcanization The tyres also have several types of fabric for reinforcement and several kinds and sizes of steel
- 16. 16 Manufacturing Pneumatic tires are manufactured in about 450 tire factories around the world Over one billion tires are manufactured annually, making the tire industry a major consumer of natural rubber The top five tire manufacturing companies by revenue are Bridgestone, Michelin, Goodyear, Continental, and Pirelli
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- 18. 18 Modern Tyres Proper vehicle safety requires specific attention to inflation pressure, tread depth, and general condition of the tires Run-flat tires have been the big news in recent years. These have brought big safety benefits, as they let motorists carry on driving even when the tire is punctured
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