UKSCA Case Study

UKSCA Case Study

• 1.
  Introduction UKSCA Case Study Name:Eilidh MacLeod Work: Napier Knights American Football Team
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  Athletic Profile • Position:Wide Receiver • Sport Analysis: In relation to American Football, Wide Receiver's are commonly referred to as the ‘passing and catching’ professional. This position requires repetitive short bouts of sprinting as well as throwing and receiving the ball, these players are positioned in the offence side (Stracuzzi et al., 2011). • Age: 22 • Injury History: Re-occurring shoulder issue, no other previous injuries. • Long-term goal: To improve maximal strength in the upper and lower body. • Started playing American Football at age of 17 years old. Competing at university level for 3 years. • Athlete partook in one weekly unstructured strength and conditioning session followed by a skilled based team training session with the head coach once a week prior to the program.
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  Needs Analysis The figureabove is based on agreement with the head coach. Movement Patterns •American football is an on-field multidimensional sport which requires movement efficiency through all three cardinal planes of motion. •Change in direction and speed is a common demand required for wide receivers (Vitale et al, 2016). •Jumping and landing movements are also required, therefore power is a fitness requirement (Riley et al., 2013). •Strength, power and speed are key requirements in American football. (Kraemer, 2000). Physiological Requirements •Phosphagen and anaerobic glycolytic energy systems required due to repeated high intensity short bouts of exercise (Hoffman, 2008) Injury Analysis •Lower extremity injuries account for 50% of all injuries and upper extremity injuries account for 30%. Accordingly, sprains and strains account for 40% of injuries and 31.8% of historical injuries reoccur (Williams et al., 2017). Fitness Requirement High Moderate Low Maximal Strength  Power  Transitional and initial acceleration  Maximal Speed  Change in Direction  Mobility  Flexibility  Anaerobic capacity 
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  Objective & SubjectiveAssessments Undertaken Testing protocols used based on research gathered and agreement with the head coach. Other Information •40-yard dash/20 yard split was recorded on video to assess sprinting technique. •Power Clean 1RM was disqualified based on the grounds that athlete was inexperienced. •Anaerobic capacity was not assessed in pre-testing due to limited contact time and equipment access. Test Rationale Sit and Reach Test To assess hamstring flexibility (Mayorga-Vega et al., 2014). 5-10-5 drill To assess change of direction (Stewart et al., 2012). 40 Yard dash/ 20-yard split To assess maximal speed, transitional and initial acceleration (Mcbride et al., 2009). Bench Press 1RM and Back squat 3RM To assess maximal strength in upper and lower body (Shimano et al., 2006). Static Vertical Jump and Countermovement Jump To assess lower body power (Carlock et al., 2004). Functional Movement Screen (FMS) Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) To assess squat motion, proprioception/body control and shoulder stability/mobility (Smith et al, 2013).
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  Pre-Testing Results andAnalysis Based on the data gathered and athletes goals the following areas were highlighted: •Maximal strength in lower body and upper body Speed: Running technique, starting acceleration and maximal speed (Rate of Force Development) •Reactive agility and change of direction •Proprioception, flexibility and coordination Estimated Back Squat 1RM calculation using the Brzycki formula: 116kg (Brzycki, 1998)
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  Outline of AnnualPlan MONTH APRIL WEEKENDS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Game Hull Sharks Sutherland Spartans Northumbria Mustangs RegionalCup: Quarters NorthernSemi Cup EdinburghPredators BUCS FINAL Old Boys Location Sighthill Sighthill Newcastle MeggetlandStadium Sighthill Flexibility, Mobility Strength,power Speed, Agility, Plyometrics Conditioning PRESENT PHASE Technique Compentencies SCHEDULED PHASE Pre-Competitive Micro-cycles 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 VOLUME M M L M M M M M M M M M M M M M L INTENSITY M M H M M M M M M M H M H H M M L TESTINGDATES x x SPP TRANSITIONAL COMEPTITIVE COMPETITION DATES PERIODIZATION GPP TRANSITIONAL SPP DATES DECEMBER JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH Method Used: Undulating On completion of the GPP, the SPP would develop skills in different training modalities as other elements were maintained.
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  Sample of Micro-cycleOff-season (GPP) GPP Progression Model • LE – Lower extremity • UP – Upper extremity
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  Sample Session Off-Season Session1: Session 2: Session 3:
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  Sample Micro-cycle In-Season(SPP) SPP Progression Model • LE – Lower extremity • UP - Upper extremity
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  Sample Session In-Season Session1: Session 2: Session 3:
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  Objective & SubjectiveRe-Test Results and Interpretation Estimated Calculation using the Brzycki formula: 136kg (Brzycki, 1998). Findings •17.2 % increase in Back squat 1RM, 11.4% increase in vertical jump, 6.7% increase in 5-10-5 drill, 100% improvement in BESS. •Green – Improved, Red – minimal change, Yellow – improved slightly Feedback •Video feedback, re-testing, verbal instruction, monitoring loads.
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  Pre-testing Post-testing Speed TechniqueVideo Analysis Comparison Analysis: •Trunk comes up, goes into vertical position too early •Rear leg not fully extended at start •Minimal Drive/force through foot - less acceleration •Slow reaction at start Analysis •Trunk remains in forward lean during drive •Increase forward lean – increase initial acceleration •Drive hasn’t progressed significantly
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  Evaluation of Programme Theathletes maximal strength, power, proprioception and change of direction improved. It has been noted that the athlete’s shoulder stability improved, shoulder issue is currently recovering. Positive Outcomes •Athlete’s maximal upper and lower strength improved •Jumping and landing progressed. •Qualified to play for local club. Weaknesses of Program •Flexibility did not improve and should have been developed more. •Maximal speed did not improve significantly. •Did not include enough anaerobic capacity training in the SPP. Future Development •More skilled based drills focusing on speed training and sprint development •Strength based exercises for upper body •More frequent mobility and flexibility sessions. •Anaerobic capacity training
• 14.
  References • Fry, A.C., & Kraemer, W. J. (1991). Physical Performance Characteristics of American Collegiate Football Players. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 5(3), 126. doi:10.1519/1533- 4287(1991)005<0126:ppcoac>2.3.co;2 • Hoffman, J. R. (2008). The Applied Physiology of American Football. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 3(3), 387-392. doi:10.1123/ijspp.3.3.387 • Kraemer, W.J., and L.A. Gotshalk (2000). Physiology of American football. In Exercise and Sport Science. Garrett, W.E., and D.T. Kirkendall (eds). Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins: Philadelphia, PA. pp. 795-813. • Laffaye, G., Wagner, P. P., & Tombleson, T. I. (2014). Countermovement Jump Height. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 28(4), 1096-1105. doi:10.1519/jsc.0b013e3182a1db03 • Pincivero, D. M., & Bompa, T. O. (1997). A Physiological Review of American Football. Sports Medicine, 23(4), 247-260. doi:10.2165/00007256-199723040-00004 • Riley, P. O., Kent, R. W., Dierks, T. A., Lievers, W. B., Frimenko, R. E., & Crandall, J. R. (2013). Foot kinematics and loading of professional athletes in American football-specific tasks. Gait & Posture, 38(4), 563-569. doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2012.03.034 • Stracuzzi, D. J., Fern, A., Ali, K., Hess, R., Pinto, J., Li, N.,Tolga, K., Shapiro, D. G. (2011). An Application of Transfer to American Football: From Observation of Raw Video to Control in a Simulated Environment. AI Magazine, 32(2), 107. doi:10.1609/aimag.v32i2.2336 • Vitale, J. A., Caumo, A., Roveda, E., Montaruli, A., Torre, A. L., Battaglini, C. L., & Carandente, F. (2016). Physical Attributes and NFL Combine Performance Tests Between Italian National League and American Football Players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 30(10), 2802- 2808. doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000001377 • Williams, J., Singichetti, B., Li, H., Xiang, H., Klingele, K., & Yang, J. (2017). Epidemiological Patterns of Initial and Subsequent Injuries in Collegiate Football Athletes. The American Journal Of Sports Medicine, 45(5), 1171-1178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546516685317