unit7equipmentlinen-230131142135-66740969 (1).pptx

INTRODUCTION
The delivery of best health care services depends
heavily on medical equipment for life support, for
diagnosis, for patient monitoring, for the delivery of
therapies, for rehabilitation following disease or
injury and for teaching and research purpose. It can
be used alone or in combination with any accessory,
consumable or other piece of medical equipment.
Handling materials and equipments are very
important responsibility of the nurse working in the
hospital.

EQUIPMENTS
 Fixed or portable & non expandable items
used for the diagnosis, treatment,
monitoring and direct care of patients are
referred as equipment.
 It refers to various devices, tools,
instruments that are used in hospitals
and health care works.

EQUIPMENTS
 These equipments must be well
functioning and adequate supplies must
be there to provide optimum nursing care.
 Insufficient and ill functioning
equipments results in increased work and
dangerous for patient.

Categories on the
list of medical
equipments used
in hospitals

GENERAL EQUIPMENTS USED IN
HOSPITAL


USES OF EQUIPMENTS
 Diagnostic
 Therapeutic
 Monitoring
 General
 Medical

TYPES
 Major equipments
 Minor equipments

MAINTENANCE OF HOSPITAL
EQUIPMENTS

 Daily or weekly inspection
- Visual inspection
- Performance test
- Calibration (Medical calibration refers to the process of
adjusting the accuracy of a medical display in line with
regulatory standards)
- Check out
 Planned preventive
 Breakdown

EQUIPMENT AUDIT
It’s a periodic evaluation system to
measure the quality of the medical
equipment.

MEDICAL SUPPLIES
Medical or surgical items that are
consumable, expendable, disposable or
non durable & that are used for the
treatment or diagnosis of a patients
specific illness, injury or condition.

DISPOSABLE PRODUCTS
A disposable product is a product
designed for single use after which its
recycled or is disposed as solid waste.

REUSABLE MEDICAL DEVICES
The devices that the health care
providers can reprocess and reuse on
multiple patients.

REUSABLE MEDICAL DEVICES
 Critical devices
*it can be clean as soon as possible after using
*sterilize by moist heat after cleaning
*sterility can be maintained
 Semi critical devices
*it can be clean as soon as possible after using
*sterilize by moist heat after cleaning
 Non critical devices
*clean as necessary with discomfort
*comes in contact with unbroken skin

INDENT
 Nurses are expected to maintain adequate
supply of equipment, supplies and the
medicines in order to give quality service
to patients. The nurse should ensure and
control the right supply, at the right place
and in right quantity.

DEFINITION
 An indent is an official order or
requisition for medicine and supplies from
the medical stores.
 Indent is a list of items made for availing
in the ward.

PROCESS
 Its done weekly or monthly basis.
 After making the list of items which are not
available in the stock, its been sent to main store.
 As per hospital policy, days are fixed for
submitting the indent to the store.
 In each unit/ ward, the incharge person is
responsible.

INVENTORY
 An inventory is a detailed list of articles in the
ward including its specification and the quantity
available.
 An inventory is a detailed list of all articles on
the ward their specification and standard
number of quantity.

TYPES OF INVENTORY
 Raw materials & purchased parts
 Work in progress
 Finished goods inventories or merchandise
 Tools and supplies
 Maintenance & repairs inventory
 Pipe line inventory
 Periodical inventory
 Helps in identifying missed or misplaced articles.

LINEN
 It’s a general term used to denote clothing items.
Cotton is most preferred and frequently used
material as its cheaper and more comfortable.

LINEN DEPARTMENT
 All linen must be stored in a central place- the
linen department.
 The room should be closely located to the laundry
or washing area.
 The cupboards needs to be neatly labeled both
outside and inside.

FUNCTIONS OF LINEN
DEPARTMENT
 Purchasing, stocking & distribution of linen.
 Collection of soiled and infected linen.
 Processing of linen.
 Ensure hygienic washing.
 Receiving the washed and clean linen.

FUNCTIONS OF LINEN
DEPARTMENT
 Regular inspection.
 Distributing to different user departments.
 Condemnation of linen that cannot be repaired.
 Conducting inventory periodically.
 Maintaining registers.

PURCHASING & STOCKING OF
LINEN
 It may be uniform for all rooms / different
categories of room & different wards may have
different colors.
 In a multi speciality hospital, the ratio of bed to
linen should be 1:4 or 1:5 or as per hospital
policy.
 In eye hospital 1:3 is sufficient.

DISTRIBUTING LINEN INTO
DIFFERENT USER DEPARTMENT
 Care of linen in each unit
 Linen is received in each unit/ward.
 Stock register is maintained by in charge.
 Maintain register for linen wash out for washing
& received after washing.
 Linen arranged neatly and kept labeled.
 Inventory of all linen should take every week.

 Sending linen for wash from the unit
 Collect soiled linen from every room / area.
 Never put used linen on floor.
 When taking soiled linen, it should be folded to
prevent dust from flying about and put into the
laundry bags provided.
 Prepare a record of linen sent from laundry.

COLLECTION OF LINEN FROM
DIFFERENT AREAS OF WARD
 Soiled linen received from various units are
sorted according to condition and type.
 Linen soiled with blood, body stain and rust
washed separately .
 In laundry linen separated type wise.
.

o REPAIRING OF DAMAGED LINEN
o DISTRIBUTING THE LINEN
o CONDEMNATION OF LINEN
o MAINTAIN REGISTERS AND
CONDUCTING INVENTORY
PERIODICALLY
o FREQUENCY FOR WASHING

REMOVAL OF STAINS FROM
LINEN
 Tea, coffee, coca
 spread the cloth cover over a hold & pour boiling
water from reasonable height.
 Rub lemon, boric powder over the stain & keep in
sunlight.
 Wash with soap & water.
 Milk & sodium carbonate can be used.

 Vegetable stains
 Apply salt over the stain .
 Pour hot water over it.
 Apply ammonia (NHз) / hydrogen peroxide
solution .
 Gention violet stains
 Soak the satin area in a bowl / mug with raw
milk for several hours.
 Wash as usual.

 Medicine stain
 Apply clear alcohol & wash well.
 Ink stain
 Wet the stain area with cold water.
 Sprinkle the salt & lemon juice / ammonia.
 Iron stain
 Rub stain with lemon juice & pour kerosene oil.

 Grease / oil
 Soak the stained in a mug filled with kerosene
oil, rub it.
 Wash with soap & water, then dry in the sun.
 Put a blotting paper over the cleaned area of
stain & iron it.
 Paint and varnish
 Same as grease and oil.
 Turpentine also used to soak in addition to
kerosene oil.
 Perspiration
 Put few drops of ammonia

CLEANSING & DISINFECTION
 Linen
 Blankets
 Mattress & pillows
 Dry cleaning

MAINTENANCE, CLEANING,
DISINFECTION AND STERILIZATION
 Rubber goods
The rubber goods are both natural and synthetic
rubber are processed to turn into a usable
product.
Eg: Mackintosh, rubber tubes, hot water bottles,
gloves, pillows, air and water mattress,
aquathermic pads, rubber bulb used with asepto.

GENERAL PRINCIPLES FOR CARE
OF RUBBER ARTICLES
 Do not use hot water to clean, sunlight for drying
or keep heat radiator.
 Can not use hydrocarbons for cleaning rubber
articles.
 Do not fold rubber sheets.
 Do not stick pin on rubber goods.
 Store rubber goods in wooden cup boards.
 Do not use clamps for long periods.
 Time period for the use of a hot water bottle,
water flow pads, ice collars not more than 15-20
minutes.

CARE OF RUBBER ARTICLES AFTER
USE
 Mackintosh
 De contaminate by immersing in a tub of 0.5%
chlorine/ sodium hypochloride/ chlorhexidine solution.
 Spread the mackintosh on a flat surface and wet it
pouring water on it.
 Use a piece of clean cloth or a plastic scrubber to
apply soap.
 Dry it in shade.

 Rubber tubes
 Hold the tube upside down under running water to
let the stream of water run through it.
 Use swab stick to remove any organic matter
blocking the tip of tube.
 Use soap and water to clean the dirt and grease on
the surface of the tube.
 Hang the tubes to dry in cool/ shaded place.
 Powder outer surface using dusting powder.
 Wrap individual tube using a piece of thin cloth and
boil for 5 minutes or autoclave it.

 Hot water bottle, Ice caps, Air cushions
 Remove outer cloth cover of each item after use.
 Empty the contents.
 Deflate the air cushion.
 Clean and wipe thoroughly.
 Hang them upside down for drip drying.
 Check the rubber item for leakage of air or water.
 Store in cool dry place.

GLASS WARE
 Glass ware is defined as containers or objects made
from glass.
 Care of glass wares:
 Disinfect the items by immersing in 0.5%
chlorine/sodium hypochlorite for 5 minutes.
 Clean glass wares using mild liquid soap.
 Rinse the glass items under cold running water.
 Dry, separate and wrap the item & send for
autoclaving.

INSTRUMENTS
 Always immerse the used instruments in 0.5% of
chlorine solution for 5minutes before washing.
 Wash instruments in cold running water.
 Separate sharp instruments.
 Put a hard rubber cap on fine tip instrument.
 Let them dry, then wrap and pack.

ENAMEL ITEMS
 Enamel refers to a glassy, vitreous and usually
opaque substance that is used in protective or
decorative coating on metal, glass or ceramic
ware.
Eg: Trays, Kidney trays, Basins, Bowl, Funnel,
Jars, Pint measures, Urinals, Bed pans, Enema
cans, Buckets, Bath tubs, Dishes etc.

STAINLESS STEEL ITEMS
 Stainless steel is an alloy of steel with chromium&
sometimes another element (such as nickel or
molybdenum) that is practically immune to rusting
and ordinary corrosion.
Eg: Forceps, Scopes, Sharp instruments etc.
NICKEL PLATED ITEMS
 It include wires used in biochemistry and
pathology laboratories and guide wires used in
radio diagnostic procedures. These items can be
sterilized by flaming.

PLASTIC & POLY VINYL CHLORIDE
ITEMS
 Many of these items are disposable and should be
discarded in the appropriate container.
 Plastic and PVC items are heat sensitive and
there fore should be boiled, repeatedly heated or
kept near radiators.

CERAMIC ITEMS
 A ceramic is a material that is neither metallic
nor organic. It may be crystalline, glassy or both
crystalline and glassy. They are typically hard
and chemically non reactive and can be formed or
densified with heat.
Eg: Nelsons inhaler, Mortar and pestle, Bowl,
Plate etc.

FIBER OPTIC WITH CAMERA ITEMS
 Fiber optics is thin transparent fibers of glass /
plastic that are enclosed by material of a lower
refractive index and that transmits light through
out their length by internal reflections; also: a
bundle of such fibers used in an instrument (as
for viewing body cavities).

ITEMS USED ELECTRIC CURRENT
 Suction machine
Suction machine (aspirators) create vacuum
which draws out mucus and gases from a
patients airway or body cavity during surgery.
 Wear clean gloves.
 Add sodium hypochlorite solution to container.
 Care of suction tubes.
 Care of jar.
 Use oil or grease for wheels.

 Refrigerator
 Frost forming refrigerators
 No frost forming refrigerators
 Care of refrigerators
• Defrost and empty contents every week.
• Let the frost melt.
• Clean with mild soap solution inside and outside.
• Do not open the refrigerator door frequently and
un necessarily.
• Keep refrigerators at a cool, dry place away from
the walls.

CLEANING AND DISINFECTION OF
FURNITURE
 Wipe the dust on furniture using a piece of dry,
clean, soft cloth daily.
 Disinfect iron, steel, plastic furniture and
incubators using disinfectant every day.
 Do not overload the shelves or cupboards.
 Teach ward staff how to handle furniture
properly.

STERILIZATION
 It’s the process by which both the pathogenic and non
pathogenic micro organisms including their spores are
destroyed from objects. These are various methods used
for sterilization
 Direct sunlight
 Boiling
 Chemical disinfection (fumigation &gas
sterilization)
 Radiation and UV ray
 Hot air
 Autoclaving
 Flaming

unit7equipmentlinen-230131142135-66740969 (1).pptx

unit7equipmentlinen-230131142135-66740969 (1).pptx

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