User Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide

1. USER-FOCUSED DIGITAL LIBRARY: A PRACTICAL GUIDE -- useful tools, tips, and practicesQin ZhuSophia GuevaraStephen Pomes

2. DisclaimerToday, I will be discussing the MMS Library. Although I am an employee of this government agency, I am not speaking as a official representative of this agency, nor will I be discussing broad policy matters or the Deepwater Horizon oil spill.-- Stephen Pomes

3. AgendaUsersDigital LibraryWhat is a digital library?

4. Understand your library environment, settings and users

5. Understand your digital library content

6. Sample of three different type of special libraries

7. Their digital library experience

8. Digital content life cycle management

9. Work with your digital library content

10. Promote your digital library content

11. Get insights of digital library content usage

12. Make adjustments for your collection

13. Q &AUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide |3

14. What is a digital library??Digital LibraryUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 4

15. Let’s do a quick survey --- What is a digital library? Digital library is more or less about digitizing and digital preservation.

16. A digital library is a system, a database for digitized items, such as digitized books, more or less about a system, an infrastructure.

17. A digital library is a set of resources, especially electronic resources, more or less about digital content.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 5

18. What is a Digital Library?Digital libraries have been discussed for over twenty years, and different authors have provided various definitions.

19. It's beyond the scope of this presentation to discuss them all, but I will mention several.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide |6

20. What is a Digital Library?“Digital libraries are the logical extensions and augmentations of physical libraries in the electronic information society. Extensions amplify existing resources and services and augmentations enable new kinds of human problem solving and expression. As such, digital libraries offer new levels of access to broader audiences of users and new opportunities for the library and information science field to advance both theory and practice.” (Marchionini) http://www.ils.unc.edu/~march/digital_library_R_and_D.htmlUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 7

21. What is a Digital Library“A digital library is a distributed technology environment which dramatically reduces barriers to the creation, dissemination, manipulation, storage, integration, and reuse of information by individuals and groups.” (Fox, p. 65) http://eprints.cs.vt.edu/archive/00000377/01/TR-93-35.pdf

22. “This paper uses the term 'digital library' as a generic name for dynamic, federated structures that provide intellectual and physical access to the growing world-wide networks of information encoded in multimedia digital formats and examines research toward the broad goal of personalized harvesting in the information wilderness organized around agency-based architecture. Beginning from the perspective of the desktop, the researchers will explore the creation and evaluation of an architecture consisting of user interface agents, query processing agents, mediators, ontologies, and collection interface agents.” (Birmingham, et al) http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/DL94/paper/umdl.htmlUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 8

23. What is a Digital Library?“A digital library is a library in which collections are stored in digital formats (as opposed to print, microform or other media) and accessible by computers. The digital content may be stored locally, or accessed remotely via computer networks. A digital library is a type of information retrieval system.” http://en_wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Library

24. I would define a digital library broadly as: “A library that uses a variety of electronic technologies to store, retrieve, and transmit information in various formats.”User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 9

25. What is a Digital Library??“ Digital libraries are constructed, collected and organized, by (and for) a community of users, and their functional capabilities support the information needs and uses of that community. ”“ Digital libraries are a set of electronic resources and associated technical capabilities for creating, searching and using information.”Digital LibraryBorgman, Christine L. What are digital libraries? Competing visions, Information Processing and Management 35 (1999) 227±243 User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 10

26. A Building Blocks Approach: -- Users and Digital Library Digital LibraryUsersUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 11

27. Let’s do a quick survey --- What type of library are you from? From a corporate library?

28. From a government library?

29. From a non-profit organization library?

30. From a research library?

31. From a legal / law library?

32. Other types?User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 12

33. Understanding the differencesCollection development practices and funding are usually much different from that of a Corporate/academic/government library. Must be creative in finding cost-effective information resources.Librarian/library may find their services supplemented by outside research consultants – services sought by the client. User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 13

34. Do you know your users?information preferencesinformation needsinformation consumption capabilitiesinformation seeking behaviorUsersUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 14

35. User - Understand your library environment and settings UsersWho is the user?

36. What are the goals or your organization/clientele? What are their preferences and capabilities?

37. How can you align your services with these goals in mind?User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 15

38. User - Understand your library environment and settings UsersIdentify users’ information needs

39. Identify users’ information trends

40. Survey your user communityUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 16

41. Taking the pulse of the organization: SurveysWhy do surveys? What is their value?Provides a way to learn more about your clients needs and expectationsWhy make surveys anonymousProvide the opportunity for participants to be fully expressive and offer constructive criticism. Surveys help you catch little problems before they grow into bigger ones.The marketing aspectEmail creationRemind them that you want to provide not just good but excellent service and that their participation in the survey will help you do just that.Establishing valueOrganizational – A tool to learn about the organization’s current needsParticipant – A tool to give your clients a voiceUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 17

42. Survey implementationHow to implementSurvey software – Surveymonkey (free version)Select a small sample of people you have served in the last month – expect no more than 50% to respond.How to improve the response rate: Implement a giveaway for participantsExample questions to ask:How would you rate the quality of service you received?How satisfied are you with the turnaround time for your request?In addition to the information services you have already received, what other services would you like to see added? How would these services help you successfully achieve your work goals?User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 18

43. Do you know your digital content?Digital collectionDigital accessDigital LibraryDigital contentUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 19

44. Let’s do a quick survey --- Where is your library in terms of position to digital library? Both print collection and digital collection

45. A small print collection and a large digital collection

46. Only digital collectionUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 20

47. The MMS LibraryStephen Pomes, MMS LibraryUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 21

48. DisclaimerToday, I will be discussing the MMS Library. Although I am an employee of this government agency, I am not speaking as a official representative of this agency, nor will I be discussing broad policy matters or the Deepwater Horizon oil spill.-- Stephen PomesUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 22

49. Outline of PresentationInstitutional Setting – the MMS and its Library

50. Two Sets of Customers and how the MMS Library Serves These Customers.

51. Why is the MMS Library an Accidental Digital Library?User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 23

52. What is the Minerals Management Service?The Minerals Management Service, a bureau within the United States Department of the Interior, is the Federal agency that manages the nation's natural gas, oil and other mineral resources on the outer continental shelf (OCS). The agency also collects, accounts for and disburses an average of $13.7 billion per year in revenues from Federal offshore mineral leases and from onshore mineral leases on Federal and American Indian lands. The program is national in scope and is headquartered in Washington, D.C.

53. The Minerals Management Service was created on January 19, 1982. In 1982, Congress passed the Federal Oil & Gas Royalty Management Act, which mandates protection of the environment and conservation of federal lands in the course of building oil and gas facilities. User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 24

54. What is the Minerals Management Service?The Minerals Management Service was formed out of parts of the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the United States Geological Survey (USGS). Both Agencies are part of the United States Department of the Interior.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 25

55. Reorganization of the MMSIn response to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, on May 19, 2010 Interior Secretary Salazar announced that MMS will be broken up into three separate divisions, which will separately oversee energy leasing, revenue collection, and safety enforcement.

56. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management – Will be responsible for leasing areas of the Outer Continental Shelf for conventional and renewable energy resources.

57. Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement – Will be responsible for ensuring comprehensive oversight, safety, and environmental protection in all offshore energy activities.

58. Office of Natural Resources Revenue – Will be responsible for royalty and revenue management, including collection and distribution of revenue, auditing and compliance, and asset management. User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 26

59. The MMS LibraryThe MMS Library is a small technical library office located in the New Orleans metropolitan area, specifically in suburban Jefferson Parish.

60. Its holdings came from the merger of the older library collections from the respective BLM and USGS offices in the New Orleans area.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 27

61. Materials in the MMS LibraryGiven the nature of the Agency's mission, the MMS Library's print holdings are related to this mission.

62. Until recently, the MMS Library had approximately 16,000 titles. The print titles included – but were not limited to – books, scholarly journals, conference proceedings, technical reports, and government documents.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 28

63. Materials in the MMS LibraryIn addition to print materials, the Library had government reports, conference proceedings, and periodicals on CD-ROM.

64. Microfiche materials on various topics.

65. Audiovisual materials included:

66. 16 mm documentary films on the offshore oil and gas industry;

67. Carousel slide tray presentations on the offshore oil and gas industry;

68. DVDs VHS tapes on various topics.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 29

69. Supplementing the Library CollectionInterlibrary loans via OCLC

70. Online services – direct access to:

71. Electronic journals

72. Online bibliographic databases

73. Full-text databases

74. Abstracting and Indexing servicesUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 30

75. Two Groups of CustomersInternal CustomersMMS personnelExternal CustomersOther MMS personnel at other offices

76. Other government agencies

77. Other libraries

78. Members of the publicUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 31

79. Collection Development for Two Sets of CustomersCollection development is: “the process of identifying the strengths and weaknesses of a library’s materials collections in terms of patron needs and community resources, and attempting to correct existing weaknesses, if any.” (Evans, p. 15)Two sets of customers for the MMS Library – two very different ideas about collection development.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 32

80. Who are MMS Library Internal Customers?The MMS is responsible for offshore oil and gas leasing, exploration, and drilling, and the environmental impacts of these offshore oil and gas activities, so the staff at MMS include a variety of professionals, including anthropologists, attorneys, computer hardware and software personnel, economists, exploration geophysicists, marine archaeologists, marine biologists, meteorologists, micropaleontologists, oceanographers, petroleum geologists, petroleum engineers, and professionals in other fields.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 33

81. Collection Development for Internal CustomersFor internal customers, print and subscription based electronic materials selections based on:Relevance

82. Customer demand

83. Availability of fundsUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 34

84. How Does the MMS Library Serve its Internal Customers?Circulating print materials, DVDs, CD-ROMs, and microficheInterlibrary loans via OCLCAccess to free and subscribed electronic contentUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 35

85. How Are Electronic Materials Made Available to MMS Personnel?In addition to hard copy materials in the Library, the Library makes electronic materials available to MMS employees.Links available via Library online catalog entries (Follett Software) – 856 MARC field.Menu page on Intranet with links to electronic content.Intranet menu page is maintained by Multimedia and Internet Production Section – with input by the librarian.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 36

88. Typical Electronic Resources that MMS Personnel UseOn-Line Annotated Bibliography of Avian Interactions with Utility Structures - http://www.energy.ca.gov/research/environmental/avian_bibliography/index.htmlThe on-line bibliography is comprised of published literature, popular articles, newspaper stories, and industry technical papers that address avian electrocution and collision and closely related topics. Most entries attempt to describe and quantify the impacts of avian collision with transmission line wires and structures and avian electrocution as a result of contact with distribution lines and associated structures. Users: Any MMS personnel involved with writing environmental impact statements.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 39

91. Typical Electronic Resources that MMS Personnel UseAAPG Datapages - http://search.datapages.com/This service provides full-text access to these publications and organizations: AAPG Bulletin, AAPG Special Volumes, Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions, Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, Journal of Petroleum Geology, Journal of Sedimentary Research, and Mid-Continental Research (Materials from the Panhandle Geological Society, Ardmore Geological Society, Oklahoma City Geological Society, and Fort Worth Geological Society).Users: Oceanographers, Petroleum Engineers, Petroleum Geologists, and Petroleum GeophysicistsUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 42

93. Typical Electronic Resources that MMS Personnel UseInternational Oil Spill Conference - http://www.iosc.org/papers/search1.aspThe International Oil Spill Conference contributes to and enables a culture of preparedness within the oil spill response community, the broader field of incident management, and society as a whole. It provides a forum for professionals from the international community, the private sector, government, and non-governmental organizations to highlight and discuss innovations and best practices across the spectrum of prevention, preparedness, response and restoration.Users: All MMS personnel.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 44

95. Typical Electronic Resources that MMS Personnel UseWind Wildlife Literature Database – http://www.nrel.gov/wind/wild.html A bibliographic database of documents of effects of wind energy development (including towers, power lines, and other wires) on birds. The database includes documents from journals, periodicals, conference proceedings, government publications, utility company reports, books, and magazines. The database currently contains the abstracts of documents published through 1995. National Renewable Energy Laboratory intends to update this database on a regular basis, adding document citations and abstracts as more documents are published. The database is maintained by the National Wind Technology Center. Users: Staff members involved with writing environmental impact statements.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 46

97. Typical Electronic Resources that MMS Personnel UseDepartment of the Interior Library Federated Search - http://library.doi.gov/electronic/index.htmlThis search engine allows the end user to search fifteen major databases simultaneously. The databases include Academic OneFile, CongressDaily, EBSCO Online, Environmental Law Reporter, Gale Directory Library, Gale Virtual Reference Library, HeinOnline, JSTOR, LexisNexis Congressional Hearings and Research Digital Collections, National Technical Reports Library, ProQuest National Newspapers, Rocky Mountain Mineral Law Foundation Digital Library, Science and Technology Collection, and U.S. Congressional Serial Set.Users: All MMS personnel.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 48

99. Typical Electronic Resources that MMS Personnel UseEnvironmental Studies Program Information System (ESPIS) - https://www.gomr.mms.gov/homepg/espis/espisfront.aspESPIS makes all completed ESP reports available on-line as full electronic pdf documents, including images and graphics. Technical summaries of over 700 MMS-sponsored environmental research projects, as well as full pdf documents of over 2,000 research reports, are available for online full text search. The information is grouped geographically to locate the most useful documents. Geographic locations for the research include the Gulf of Mexico, Atlantic, Pacific, and Alaska. A National study is research that pertains to more than one geographic region (e.g., the effects of wind on oil spill spreading). Users: All MMS personnel – but especially staff members working on environmental impact statements.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 50

101. Typical Electronic Resources that MMS Personnel UseCanary Database - http://canarydatabase.orgThis database is a compilation of curated peer-reviewed research articles related to the use of animals as sentinels of human health hazards. This database contains information added by trained curators in addition to bibliographic records from MEDLINE and other well-known databases. The database includes studies of wildlife, companion, and livestock animals, where either the exposure or the health effect could be considered potentially relevant to human health.Users: Marine biologists, oceanographers, and other personnel involved with writing environmental impact statements.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 52

103. Typical Electronic Resources that MMS Personnel UseCiteSeer - http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/This service provides full text to computer science and information technology (IT) reports and research.Users: Any MMS personnel involved with IT projects.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 54

105. Typical Electronic Resources that MMS Personnel UseIHS Standards Expert – http://www.ihs.comThis resource, from Information Handling Services, provides access to all standards and recommended practices that MMS currently references in its regulations. These documents originate from the American Petroleum Institute and other organizations. Users: All MMS personnel, but especially petroleum engineers and individuals involved with writing environmental impact statements.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 56

107. Typical Electronic Resources that MMS Personnel UseEBSCO Online - http://search.ebscohost.com/EBSCO Online provides full text access, according to their website, to "thousands of e-journals containing millions of articles from hundreds of different publishers, all at one web site." Access is provided through the Dept. of the Interior Library and requires no login or password.Users: All MMS personnelUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 58

108. Typical Electronic Resources that MMS Personnel Use Pandora - http://pandora.nla.gov.au/Australia's Web Archive, is a growing collection of Australian online publications, established initially by the National Library of Australia in 1996, and now built in collaboration with nine other Australian libraries and cultural collecting organizations. The materials include magazines, scholarly journals, and other web-based materials. The archive includes publications in the pure and applied sciences, medicine, engineering fields, social sciences, the arts, and the humanities. There are no restrictions on accessing the materials contained in this archive.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 59

110. External CustomersOther Federal Government LibrariesOther Federal AgenciesCitizensAcademic LibrariesPublic LibrariesSchool LibrariesLibraries in the private sectorUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 61

111. How Does the MMS Library Serve External Customers?Interlibrary loansPrint materials mailed.

112. Journal articles photocopied and fax.

113. PDFs of journal articles and other materials sent as e-mail attachments.

114. E-mails sent to borrowing libraries with links to open access journal articles

115. Because of budget factors, MMS Library does not participate in Ariel.ReferralsReferrals to resources within MMS (e.g., ESPIS) or to materials in other government agency repositoriesUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 62

116. Collection Development for External CustomersThe MMS Library serves external customers primarily through interlibrary loans.Most of the requested materials are journal articles from open access journalsUsing Worldcat.org, Directory of Open Access Journals – http://www.doaj.org, Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek EZB http://ezb.uni-regensburg.de/index.phtml?bibid=AAAAA&colors=7&lang=en , and other bibliographic utilities, I add open access journals that are not widely held by other librariesOpen access journals are peer-reviewed journals that rely on grant money and/or author subsidies for their operating costs. Although they are free to libraries, they are not “free” in every sense. Despite their free status, they do have good impact factors (e.g., BioMed Central Journals).Materials are frequently requested, and, for each request filled, the MMS receives lending credit from OCLC.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 63

117. Some Materials Provided to External Customers via Interlibrary LoanThese materials are frequently requested via OCLC Resource SharingAsian Journal of Counselling - http://hkier.fed.cuhk.edu.hk/journal/?page_id=289The Asian Journal of Counselling, co-published by the HKIER and the Hong Kong Professional Counselling Association twice a year, is the only bilingual journal related to the science and practice of counseling published in Hong Kong. The journal contains articles on theories, research and case studies of counseling and covers areas ranging from intervention to individual and group counseling, career counseling, cross-cultural and multicultural counseling, counseling training and supervision, and issues of ethics and values related to counseling. Its aim is to promote the integration of Western counseling theories and practice into Asian and Chinese cultures.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 64

119. Some Materials Provided to External Customers via Interlibrary LoanMedicinski pregled (Medical Review) - http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/journal.aspx?issn=0025-8105 Medical Review publishes papers from various fields of biomedicine intended for broad circles of physicians. It has the following types of articles: editorials, original studies, preliminary reports, review articles, professional articles, case reports, reports on seminars for physicians and articles from history of medicine.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 66

121. Some Materials Provided to External Customers via Interlibrary LoanGeologica Carpathica, the official journal of the Carpathian-Balkan Geological Association - http://www.geologicacarpathica.sk/src/main.phpThis journal covers these topics such as experimental petrology, petrology and mineralogy; geochemistry and isotope geology; applied geophysics, stratigraphy and paleontology; sedimentology, tectonics and structural geology; and the geology of deposits.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 68

123. Some Materials Provided to External Customers via Interlibrary LoanJournal of Microbiology and Biotechnology - http://www.jmb.or.kr/The Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology (JMB) is monthly journal devoted to the advancement and dissemination of scientific knowledge concerning microbiology, biotechnology, biomedicine and related academic disciplines. It covers scientific and technological aspects of microbiology, including physiology and metabolism; environmental, food, and medical microbiology; molecular microbiology; enzymology and enzyme engineering; fermentation technology; plant and animal cell cultures; bioprocess engineering; and biomedical sciences. The JMB is published and distributed by the Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (KMB).User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 70

125. Some Materials Provided to External Customers via Interlibrary LoanAdvances in Geosciences – http://www.advances-in-geosciences.net/home.htmlAdvances in Geosciences (ADGEO) is an international, interdisciplinary journal for fast publication of collections of short, but self-contained communications in the Earth, planetary and solar system sciences.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 72

127. Why is the MMS Library an Accidental Digital Library?For approximately ten years, I have been adding links to online content to online library catalog records (856 MARC field)

128. Gradually adding online subscriptions and aggregated full-text databases to library holdings

129. Gradually adding open access publications to library holdingsUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 74

130. Why is the MMS Library an Accidental Digital Library?May 1995 flood resulted in widespread flooding in New Orleans area, including the Elmwood area where the MMS office is. Library received very minor floodingHurricanes Katrina and Rita damaged top three floors of the MMS office building, but library received no damage.General Services Administration (GSA) authorized building wide repairs and renovations – starting a series of section movesGSA would not authorize enough funds to reinforce the floors on the second floor – the new Library location.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 75

131. Why is the MMS Library an Accidental Digital Library?Mandate to reduce the Library’s collection from 16,000+ titles to 2,000Long term checkouts of print materials to staff members and sectionsTransfers and donations of print materials to other Federal Agencies, Federal Government Libraries, and to other librariesGSA sale of print materialsOther materials transferred to dumpsterUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 76

132. Why is the MMS Library an Accidental Digital Library? With a much smaller collection, how is the Library delivering library and information services?More interlibrary loansMore dependence upon aggregated full-text databasesI send requests to library related electronic mailing lists for requests with short-term deadlinesWhenever possible, I use open access journals and institutional repositories to locate materials to fill information requestsGoogle Scholar is useful for locating open access versions of articlesUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 77

133. Licensing and Authentication IssuesLicensing and purchasingGSA and/or the Department of the Interior negotiate pricing and licensing for subscription based online services.

134. With these policies and procedures in place, there is little need for separate negotiations.AuthenticationSome vendors prefer IP address recognition, whereas other vendors prefer an overall user ID and password for accesing their products.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 78

135. MMS Library in a Post-MMS EnvironmentWith the reorganization into three separate agencies, it is unclear where the MMS Library will be in the organization schemeWith a change of Agency, there will be a change in mission and a change in focus for the LibraryUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 79

136. Digital Library under Research OrganizationQin Zhu, HP LabsUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 80

137. HP Labs“HP Labs is the exploratory and advanced research group for Hewlett-Packard, tackling complex challenges facing our customers and society over the next decades, while pushing the frontier of fundamental science”User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 81

138. HP Labshttp://www.hpl.hp.comUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 82http://www.hpl.hp.com

139. HP LabsUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 83

140. Research Information ServicesResearch Information Services

141. Digital Library Services

142. Records Management

143. Technical Publications

144. HP Labs Technical ReportsUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 84

145. Digital Library Services Provides information sources for researchers

146. Provides information from discovery to delivery

147. Publishes HP Labs Technical Reports

148. Distributes and disseminates researchers’ publications.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 85

149. Digital Library Services -- Users World’s top scientists, researchers, and technologists

150. Visiting scholars, university interns

151. HP wide employeesUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 86

152. Digital Library Services -- Users Users around the global

153. Information needs 24x7

154. Information needs world wide

155. Users with various information needs and subject interest

156. Different type and form of information needs

157. In various disciplines and cross discipline areasUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 2

158. Digital Library Services -- Users’ information needs State of art science and technology research information

159. Business and market information

160. Patent and prior art information

161. Current awareness information User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 88

162. Identify Researchers’ information needs Scan research organization

163. Keep pace with the state of art of research

164. Sense Information inquiries

165. Get insights from usage

166. Communicate with researchersUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 89

167. HP Labs – Digital Library Has a long history to keep pace with the state of art science and technology

168. Applies emerging concept and technologies in library and information technology area

169. Focuses on digital and electronic information

170. Provides streamlined user information seeking solutions, from discovery to deliveryUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 90

171. HP Labs – Digital Library State of art science and technology research information

172. Business and market information

173. Patent and prior art information

174. Current awareness information User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 91

175. HP Labs – Digital Library Provides different information access points

176. Resource listing

177. Ejournals listing

178. Ebooks search

179. Information discovery and deliveryUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 92

180. Different information access pointsUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 93

181. Resource listingUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 94

182. Ejournals listingUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 95

183. Ebooks searchUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 96

186. The Nonprofit LibraryUnderstanding the users and their needs.Sophia GuevaraUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 99

187. A profile of the clientGraduate degree in area of specialization.Are familiar with organizations and experts in areas of interest.Need the most up-to-date information quickly.May rely on specialized reports produced by other nonprofits and experts in the field rather than rely on database standbys.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 100

188. Going digital in a nonprofit libraryDatabase standbys may not be a good fit depending on the needs/culture of the organization. Many of the resources of interest may be provided for free online by organizations eager to educate others on their areas of focus.Connect with users to determine which digital resources would propel the organization’s work forward.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 101

189. Resources of interestPublications in the field (ex: Chronicle of Philanthropy, Foundation Review, Kids Count)Leading organizations (Gates Foundation, Ford Foundation, Ann E. Casey Foundation)Annual ReportsConsultant ReportsWork produced by thought leaders in areas of interestUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 102

190. Library Environment – Digital library approach Digital LibraryLibrary physical and space constraints

191. User information needs, more digital resources

192. User information seeking behavior, getting information onlineElectronic books, journals and readers are altering the expectations of library users. Information professionals must start preparing how to meet these new expectations.-- Susan DimattiaUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 103

193. Library Environment – Digital content Digital LibraryWhat kind of digital content is available?

194. E-Journals

195. E-Books

196. E-Reference

197. Image collection

198. Digital audios

199. Digital videos

200. Electronic databases User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 104

201. Let’s do a quick survey --- Do you have any system to help you management digital content? Leverage ILS system?

202. Use ERM system?

203. Have a home grown database?

204. Use excel to list?User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 105

205. Digital Content Life CycleUsersDigital LibraryDiscoveryTrialSelectionAcquisition AccessRenew or cancel?Tamar Sadeh, Mark Ellingsen. 2005. Electronic resource management systems: the need and the realization. New Library World 106, no. 5/6 (May 1): 208-218. http://www.proquest.com/ (accessed April 23, 2008).User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 106

206. DiscoveryDigital LibraryAware of a new e-resource and begins to collect information that will help him or her decide if the resource should warrant further interest. bibliographic details, packages in which this content may be includedterms of access (worldwide, site-based, seat-based). Questions to considerUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 107

207. TrialUsersDigital LibraryTry out the e-resourceGathers the valuable feedback and other information needed to ensure that this product is of interest to their clients, serves a worthwhile need and performs as expected. Questions to considerUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 108

208. Content Analysis - ContentDigital LibraryContent levelContent coverage Content subject focus Content overlap User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 109

209. Content Analysis - ToolsDigital LibraryContent provider siteERM system – Electronic Resource Management systemILS system - Integrated Library SystemComparison tools – CUFTS, databases, Excel, write your own programUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 110

210. Content Analysis - ToolsDigital Libraryhttp://lib-cufts.lib.sfu.ca/CUFTS/compare.cgiUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 111111Internet Librarian 2008A Practical Guide to a User-Focused Digital Library

211. Content Analysis - ContentDigital LibraryYou know your collection, you know what you are looking forEasy to talk to content providerContent level - check

212. Content coverage - check

213. Content subject focus - check

214. Content overlap – checkUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 112

215. SelectionDigital LibraryThe decisionAcquire the resource?If so, what kind of financial commitment are you making? Remember that when clients get used to a resource, it can be difficult to explain that you are declining access to their favorite product due to a limited budgetUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 113

216. AcquisitionDigital LibraryPositive client feedback and the identification of a vendor that provides an efficient option for filling an information need brings us to the acquisitions process.Questions to considerUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 114

217. Let’s do a quick survey --- What is contract review process in your library and organization? The librarian reviews and signs the contract

218. Central contract management organization

219. Global procurement organization

220. Central operational organizationUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 115

221. Licensing 101Digital LibraryContract templateA standard license agreement is available at Yale University's LibLicense site: http://www.library.yale.edu/~llicense/modlic.shtmlConnect with your procurement and legal departments. Understand what you will and won’t acceptUnderstand your options in access and pricingBe flexibleUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 116

222. 117

223. Digital Content Licensing ResourcesDigital LibraryYale University Library – Council on Library & Information Resources. LIBLICENSE: http://www.library.yale.edu/~llicense/Contract management systemsLicensing Digital Content: A Practical Guide for Librarians by Lesley Ellen HarrisUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 118

224. 119

225. AccessDigital LibraryWith the paperwork out of the way and access to the content ensured, you now have to decide how you will provide your clients with easy access to the product. You also need to be prepared to complete routine maintenance as necessary. Encourage your clients to provide client feedback.Access stage questionsUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 120

226. Let’s do a quick survey --- How is the digital content access managed? We have a proxy server

227. We provide a list of IPs

228. Our IT department manages

229. We get username and password from vendorsUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 121

230. Let’s do a quick survey --- Can your users access the digital content off campus / offsite? Yes, via VPN

231. Yes, use their own userid

232. NoUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 122

233. Digital Content Deployment Digital LibraryUser access and authentication layer

234. Different content authentication methods from content providers

235. IP authentication

236. URL referral

237. Username and password

238. How the different methods integrate with your existing access and authentication system

239. Institution single sign on method

240. Athens

241. Proxy serverUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 123

242. Digital Content DeploymentDigital LibraryProviding information access points

243. Depending the content level, different information access points can be provided

244. List resource to your library resource A to Z list

245. List resource to your library research guide, path finder

246. List resource to your library subject guide

247. List e-journals to your library journal/e-journal list

248. Integrate the content at the publication level to your library catalog

249. Implement OpenURL reference linking

250. Provide federated search to access content from different sources

251. Provide Alert service

252. Provide RSS feedsUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 124

253. Digital Content Deployment Digital LibraryProviding searching points for digital content

254. Is the content at top level searchable

255. Is the content at publication level findable

256. Is the content at fulltext level searchableUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 125

257. Let’s do a quick survey --- Do you have federated search for your library? Yes

258. No

259. No, but we point Google ScholarUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 126

260. Let’s do a quick survey --- Do you have OpenURL resolver for your library? Yes, we have one locally installed

261. Yes, we have one hosted by vendor

263. Digital Content Deployment Digital LibraryContent integration

264. Integrate and aggregate content from different providers

265. Journal A to Z list

266. Library Catalog

267. Federated Search

268. Federated Alerts

269. Integrate content to designated site via RSS feed

270. Creating content resource referencing via OpenURLUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 128

271. Promoting Digital Content Digital LibraryWhy should you promote?

272. Increase the value of your library in users’ eyes

273. What should you promote – clientele

274. Ease of use and accessibility

275. 24 hour availability of content

276. What should you promote – key decision makers

277. Improved efficiency and efficacyUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 129

278. Marketing to the client – developing your planWho are your clients? Who are your best clients?Why are they your best clients? What is it about your interactions with this group that keeps them coming back for more?Who do you need to bring into the fold?Why are they not utilizing you as often as they could (or should)?Identify differences in the interactions you have with this group compared to your best clients.How can you create more opportunities to connect and show value to this group?User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 130

279. Promoting Digital Content UsersDigital LibraryUsing various technologies

280. Web 1.0 – web portal/web sites/newsletters

281. Web 2.0 – RSS feed/social networking tools

282. Web 3.0 – mobilize your digital content

283. …User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 131

284. Promoting Digital Content UsersDigital LibraryMake the content part of user information searching and using flow

285. Let the content work for you, not you work on the content

286. Follow your users trends

287. Go where your users goUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 132

288. Let’s do a quick survey --- Do you gather and view usage? Yes, we go to vendor site

289. Yes, vendors sending usage email to us

290. Yes, we use a usage collecting service

291. Yes, we get from our ERM system

293. Reviewing usageDigital LibraryWhy is this important?The collection of usage statisticsSystems: ERM’sSUSHIVarious methods of statistic collectionSite visits, page visits, time spent on site, downloads, etc.COUNTERUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 134

294. Reviewing usageUsersDigital LibraryStudy your site log filesUnderstand your user behaviorUnderstand how your users access the content within your organization -- Put your information resource usage under your organization contextUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 135Internet Librarian 2008

295. Renew or cancelUsersDigital LibraryWith your subscription coming to an end, it is up to you to determine if the resource will remain in your electronic collection. Questions to considerUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 136

296. Enhance the flow Digital LibraryUsersUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 137

297. Let the Sun Shine on Your E-Resources“Making sure your customers know about the electronic resources in your collection will help demonstrate your value to your organization”-- Janice Lachance, SLA CEODigital LibraryUsersUser-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 138

298. Thank You!Questions& AnswersQin Zhu – [email protected] Guevara - [email protected] Pomes - [email protected] Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 139

299. Further ReadingZhu, Q and Guevara, S. “A practical guide for building a user-focused digital library collection.” Computers in Libraries, Vol. 29, Issue 4, 2009 Licensing Digital Content: A Practical Guide for Librarians by Lesley Ellen Harris.Lachance, S. “Let the sun shine on your E-Resources”. Information Outlook, Vol. 14, No 04, 2010.Dimattia, S. “Showing our strengths”. Information Outlook, Vol. 14, No 04, 2010.Newman, M. L. “Collections strategies for electronic books” Information Outlook, Vol. 14, No 04, 2010.Alford, E and Schroeder, H. “Promoting electronic resources to different audiences” Information Outlook, Vol. 14, No 04, 2010.Scotti, G. J. “Proving Value and Return on Investment” Information Outlook, Vol. 14, No 04, 2010.User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 140

300. ReferencesBirmingham, W. P., et al. "The University of Michigan Digital Library: This is not your father's library." Digital Libraries '94. John L. Schnase, et al.editors: College Station, Texas, Texas A&M University. 1994. 53-59. Web. Accessed 8 Jun 2010. <http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/DL94/paper/umdl.html>. “Digital Libraries.” Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 4 June 2010. Web. Accessed 6 June 2010. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Library>Evans, G. Edward, and Margaret R. Zarnosky. Developing Library and Information Center Collections. 4th ed. Greenwood Village, Colorado: Libraries Unlimited, 2000. Fox, Edward A. "Source Book on Digital Libraries." Computer Science Technical Reports. Dept. of Computer Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 06/12/1993. Web. Accessed 8 Jun 2010. <http://eprints.cs.vt.edu/archive/00000377/01/TR-93-35.pdf>. Marchionini, Gary. "Research and Development in Digital Libraries." Gary's Home Page. School of Information and Library Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, n.d. Web. Accessed 8 Jun 2010. <http://www.ils.unc.edu/~march/digital_library_R_and_D.html>. User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 141

301. ReferencesBorgman, Christine L. “What are digital libraries? Competing visions”, Information Processing and Management . 35 (1999) 227-243. Tamar Sadeh, Mark Ellingsen. 2005. ”Electronic resource management systems: the need and the realization”. New Library World 106, no. 5/6 (May 1): 208-218. http://www.proquest.com/ (accessed April 23, 2008). User-Focused Digital Library: A Practical Guide | 142

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