OData is an open data protocol for querying and updating data across various services, applications, and cloud platforms. It provides a common way to access information through services by enabling querying on properties, navigation over relationships, paging through results, and CRUD operations on resources like customers. Using OData solves issues with custom client development and interface maintenance, while encouraging reuse of data in ways not originally foreseen. The protocol is implemented across various Microsoft products as well as third party systems, with the .NET client code released under an open source license.