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- 1. Utilization of Electricity Learning Competency: ➢ Discuss safety practices in dealing with electrical hazards, such as overloading, damaged insulation, damped electrical condition, faulty wiring and electrocution
- 2. LESSON 1 UNDERSTANDING ELECTRICAL HAZARDS GENERAL SCIENCE Recognizing dangers around us!
- 3. WHAT WILL YOU LEARN TODAY? At the end of the lesson, you will be able to: a. Identify and describe different types of electrical hazards; b. create a concept map showing different electrical hazards and their corresponding risk; and c. show awareness and concern for electrical safety by sharing personal experiences and observations.
- 5. What I know… What do you know about electrical hazards, electrical safety practices, and their knowledge on basic electric components, and insulators and conductors?
- 6. What I want to Know.. List questions or scenarios in mind specific on handling electrical hazards.
- 7. What Do You SEE?
- 9. Common Electrical Hazards ➢Overloading ➢Damaged Insulation ➢Damp Electrical Conditions ➢Faulty Wirings ➢Electrocution Explain
- 10. Overloading In Engineering or Physics: •Overloading a system or circuit means exceeding its safe capacity. • Example: Plugging too many devices into one outlet can overload the circuit and cause a short or fire. Common Electrical Hazards
- 11. Damage Insulation Common Electrical Hazards What is Damaged Insulation? It occurs when the protective outer layer of a wire or cable is cracked, frayed, cut, or worn out, exposing the live electrical wire inside.
- 12. Causes of Damaged Insulation • Rodents chewing on wires • Overheating or overloading circuits • Stepping or rolling heavy objects over cords • Poor installation or repairs • Aging and natural wear over time
- 13. Dangers of Damaged Insulation • Electric shock when touched • Electrical fires from short circuits • Explosions if near flammable materials • Device malfunction or complete failure
- 14. Damp Electrical Conditions These occur when moisture, humidity, or water is present near electrical equipment, wiring, or outlets.
- 15. Why Are They Dangerous? • Water lowers the resistance of your skin, making shocks more severe • Increases the risk of electrical fires and short circuits • May lead to electrocution—even at low voltages • Can cause corrosion in wires and equipment
- 16. Faulty Wirings – A Silent but Deadly Electrical Hazard Faulty wiring refers to improper, damaged, or unsafe electrical connections that can lead to fires, electrocution, or equipment failure.
- 17. What Causes Faulty Wiring? • Poor installation by unlicensed electricians • Overloaded circuits or outdated wiring • Overheating wires due to insufficient insulation • Loose connections or exposed conductors • Old and degraded wires in older homes/buildings • Rodent damage to wires
- 18. Dangers of Faulty Wiring Electrical fires (most common cause of house fires) Electric shock and electrocution Power surges and appliance damage Frequent flickering lights and power outages
- 19. Electrocution Electrocution is death or serious injury caused by electric shock when a person comes into contact with a live electrical current.
- 20. Common Causes: • Touching exposed or damaged wires • Contacting electricity in wet conditions • Faulty appliances or wiring • Performing electrical repairs without turning off the power • Using metal tools without insulation
- 21. Signs of Electrical Shock: •Muscle spasms or paralysis •Burns on the skin (entry and exit wounds) •Difficulty breathing or unconsciousness •Cardiac arrest (in severe cases)
- 22. Electrical Safety: Safe vs. Unsafe Practices Safe Practices Unsafe Situations Keep liquids away from outlets/devices Placing drinks near laptops or extension cords Let a professional do complex repairs DIY repair without proper knowledge Follow appliance instructions Ignoring manuals and safety labels Inspect wires and cords regularly Using frayed or tangled cords Use extension cords temporarily Overloading extension cords or outlets
- 24. Electrical Safety: Safe vs. Unsafe Practices Safe Practices Unsafe Situations Unplug appliances before cleaning Touching appliances with wet hands Use tools with insulated handles Using damaged or uninsulated tools Turn off the main switch during repairs Fixing wires without turning off the power Have a fire extinguisher nearby Using water to put out electrical fires Wear rubber gloves and boots when working Working barefoot or in wet areas
- 25. Scenario 1. A resident in Barangay Maliwanag get electrocuted while fixing exposed wiring on a flooded area. A neighbor rushes to help by grabbing him directly. a. What can be the cause of electrocution of the worker? b. What should the coworker have done differently? c. How can the community leaders ensure safety in handling electricity among the residents?
- 26. Scenario 2. You noticed that a single electrical outlet in your classroom is powering multiple devices-computers, a projector, a fan, and a phone charger. You feel the outlet is unusually warm to touch. a. What dangers could arise from this situation? b. What immediate action should be taken? c. How can overloading of outlets be prevented in daily use?
- 27. What did you learn today? What electrical hazard you now understand better?
- 28. Quote to ponder: "Electricity powers life— awareness keeps it safe.” 1.The quote talks about ___________________________ 2.The quote reminds me of ________________________. 3.My insights on the quote for people is/are _____________. 4.My insights on the quote for events is/are _____________. 5.My insights on the quote for actions is/are _____________.
- 31. Learning Objectives: a. explain safety practices and devices that help prevent electrical accidents; b. design a poster or infographic promoting safe practices in using electricity at home or school; and c. value the importance of using safety tools and following safety protocols in every day life.
- 33. Safety Equipment FUSE Fuse is a safety device in an electrical circuit that protects the circuit from overcurrent (too much electricity flowing).
- 34. Safety Equipment Insulated gloves are protective gloves made from materials like rubber, latex, or specialized polymers that do not conduct electricity. They are worn to protect individuals from electric shock or burns when working with or near live electrical equipment. Insulated gloves
- 35. Safety Equipment Breaker A breaker, short for circuit breaker, is a safety device in an electrical system designed to automatically stop the flow of electricity when a fault (like overload or short circuit) occurs.
- 36. Safety Equipment Rubber Mat A rubber mat, specifically designed for electrical safety, is an insulating mat placed on the floor to protect individuals from electric shocks when working with electrical systems.
- 37. Safety Equipment Signage refers to visual signs or symbols placed in areas to warn, inform, or guide individuals about potential electrical hazards and safe practices.
- 38. Common Electrical Safety Signs: Sign Meaning Danger: High Voltage Area contains high- voltage equipment; risk of severe shock or death.
- 39. Common Electrical Safety Signs: Sign Meaning Electrical Hazard Warning of exposed wiring, malfunctioning devices, or risk of electric shock.
- 40. Common Electrical Safety Signs: Sign Meaning Do Not Touch Live electrical parts present; no unauthorized handling.
- 41. Common Electrical Safety Signs: Sign Meaning Authorized Personnel Only Restricted to trained individuals or electricians.
- 42. Common Electrical Safety Signs: Sign Meaning Turn Off Power Before Servicing Required before opening or fixing electrical panels.
- 43. Common Electrical Safety Signs: Sign Meaning Wear Insulated Gloves Reminder to use PPE (Personal Protective Equipment).
- 44. Common Electrical Safety Signs: Meaning Emergency Power Off Location of shut- off switch in case of fire or accident.
- 45. Group Activity Mechanics Task Title: “Top 5 Electrical Safety Tips at Home – Poster-Making” TASK: CREATE A POSTER ABOUT TOP 5 ELECTRICAL SAFETY TIPS AT HOME.
- 46. “Top 5 Electrical Safety Tips at Home – Poster-Making” Objective: To raise awareness of proper electrical safety practices at home through a creative and informative group poster. Criteria Points Relevance and Accuracy 10 pts Creativity and Visual Impact 10 pts Clarity of Message 10 pts Teamwork and Participation 5 pts Overall Presentation 5 pts Total 40 pts
- 47. Group Instructions: Form a group of 4–5 members. Design a poster that includes: •A clear title (e.g., “Top 5 Electrical Safety Tips at Home”) •Five safety tips, each with: • A short description (1–2 sentences) • An illustration or symbol • Safety-related colors (red for danger, green for safe, yellow for caution) •Group members’ names and section
- 48. Tips for a Great Poster: •Use bold lettering and easy-to-read fonts. •Be creative, but make sure the message is clear. •Use real-life scenarios or examples if possible. •Organize content in a logical and eye- catching layout.