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- 1. DËivwaKvi AvBb I dviv‡qR e›Ub
‡gvjøv kvgxg Av³vi
wmwbqi d¨vKvwë †g¤^vi
‡mvbvjx e¨vsK ÷vd K‡jR, XvKv
E-mail: [email protected]
evsjv‡`‡k ag©xq we‡ePbvq DËivwaKvi eû c~e© ‡_‡KB ¯^xK…Z| ivóªxq AvBb Øviv
DËivwaKv‡ii welqwU A‡bK c‡i ¯^xK…wZ jvf K‡i| 1793 mv‡j jW© KY©Iqvwj‡mi Avg‡j
wPi¯’vqx e‡›`ve¯Í Pvjyi d‡j AvengvbKvj a‡i Rwg †fvM`LjKvix K…lK/cÖRvMb Zv‡`i
Rwgi gvwjKvbv nvivq| cieZ©x‡Z 1855 mv‡ji e½xq cÖRv¯^Z¡ AvB‡bi gva¨‡g f~wgi Dci
cÖRvi gvwjKvbv ¯^xK…wZ jvf K‡i Ges `LjKvix cÖRv DËivwaKvi my‡Î Rwg †fv‡Mi
AwaKvi cvq| Gici 1950 mv‡ji ivóªxq AwaMÖnY Ges cÖRv¯^Z¡ AvB‡bi 84 aviv †gvZv‡eK
DËivwaKv‡ii ¯^‡Zi welqwU Av‡iv †Rvi`vi nq| eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`‡k DËivwaKvi welqwU
ag©xq wfwˇZ mgvavb Kiv n‡q _v‡K| evsjv‡`‡k cÖ‡hvR¨ I cÖPwjZ DËivwaKvi AvBb
mgyn n‡jvt
(1) gymwjg cvwievwiK AvBb, (2) wn›`y DËivwaKvi (`vqfvM) AvBb, (3) wLª÷vb
DËivwaKvi AvBb, (4) ‡eŠ× DËivwaKvi AvBb, Ges (5) Avw`evmx‡`i DËivwaKvi AvBb|
gymwjg DËivwaKvi ev dviv‡qRt
Bmjvg ag© Abyhvqx †Kvb gymjgvb e¨w³ gviv †M‡j g„Zz¨ Kv‡j Zvi †i‡L hvIqv m¤úwË
wKfv‡e Kv‡`i g‡a¨ e›Ub Kiv n‡e †m m¤úwK©Z weavb‡K gymwjg DËivwaKvi ev dviv‡qR
e‡j| gymwjg dviv‡qR AvB‡b †KviAvb, mybœvn I BRgvi Dci wfwË K‡i g„Z gymjgvb e¨w³i
m¤úwË Zvi DËivwaKvi‡`i g‡a¨ e›Ub Kiv nq|
gymwjg DËivwaKvi AvB‡bi Drm mgynt
1. Avj-‡KviAvbt gymwjg DËivwaKvi AvB‡bi cÖ_g I cÖavb Drm gnvMÖš’ cweÎ Avj-
‡KviAvb| Bmjvg a‡g© †KviAv‡bi evYx HwkevYx wnmv‡e MY¨ Kiv nq| cweÎ †KviAv‡bi
†gvU 6,666 wU Avqv‡Zi g‡a¨ 200 wU AvqvZ Bmjvgx AvBb msµvšÍ| GB 200wU Avqv‡Zi
80 wU Avqv‡Z DËivwaKvi, weevn, weevn-we‡”Q` BZ¨vw` msµvšÍ ûKzg-wb‡la i‡q‡Q| m~iv
wbmv Gi 7, 8, 11, 12 Ges 176 Avqv‡Z cÖZ¨ÿfv‡e gymwjg DËivwaKvi AvBb m¤ú‡K© ejv
n‡q‡Q| cweÎ †KviAv‡b ewY©Z weavbg‡Z g„Z e¨w³i IqvwikMb g„Z e¨w³i m¤úwˇZ
mywbw`©ó Ask jvf jvf K‡i _v‡K|
2. nvw`m I mybœvn t nvw`m n‡jv me©‡kl bex nhiZ gynv¤§` (mt) Gi Dw³, wb‡`©kvejx
Ges Zvui Rxe‡bi Kvh©vejxi gnvmsKjb| gymwjg AvBb weÁv‡bi weavb †gvZv‡eK
wb‡¤œi welqmgyn nvw`‡mi AšÍifz³t (K) nhiZ gynv¤§` (mt) Gi AwfgZ, Dw³, wkÿv,
Dc‡`k, Abykvmb Ges evYx, (L) nhiZ gynv¤§` (mt) Gi ˆ`bw›`b Rxeb-hvcb cÖYvjx,
Kg©ZrciZv Ges Z`&KZ©„K m¤úvw`Z Kvh©vejx, (M) nhiZ gynv¤§` (mt) Gi cQ›`bxq
Kvh©vejx Ges AcQ›`bxq Kvh©mgy‡ni weeiYg~jK e³e¨mgyn, Ges (N) nhiZ gynv¤§` (mt)
KZ…©K Zvui mvnvex‡`i †ÿ‡Î Bw½Zevnx m¤§wZ ev bxie mg_©b|
3. BRgv t gymwjg AvB‡bi Z…Zxq Drm n‡jv BRgv| BRgvi A_© n‡jv GKgZ nIqv ev
HK¨g‡Z¨ †cŠQv‡bv| cÖK…Z A‡_© D‡jgvM‡bi HK¨gZ¨B n‡jv BRgv Ges Zv AåvšÍ e‡j
a‡i †bIqv nq| nhiZ gynv¤§` (mt) Gi g„Zy¨i ci †KviAvb, nvw`m Ges mybœvni gva¨‡g †h
mKj mgm¨vi mgvavb Kiv nqwb, †m¸‡jv mgvavb Kivi j‡ÿ¨ mvnvex I Av‡jgM‡bi
g‰Z‡K¨i gva¨‡g †h bxwZ D™¢e Kiv n‡qwQj Zv‡KB BRgv ejv nq| †hgb- ag©xq
Abykvm‡bi e¨vcv‡i bvgvR, †ivRv, nhiZ Avey e°i‡K Lwjdv wbhy³ Kiv BZ¨vw` HK¨gZ ev
BRgvi Øviv n‡qwQj|
- 2. 4. wKqvm t wKqvm gymwjg AvB‡bi PZz_© Drm hvi A_© cwigvc, mg_©b cÖ`vb Ges
mgZv| hLb †Kvb mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Rb¨ †KviAvb, mybœvn ev BRgvi gva¨‡g wm×v‡šÍ
DcbxZ nIqv hvq bv ZLb djcÖmy hyw³i Øviv D³ mgm¨vi mgvavb Kiv‡K wKqvm ejv nq|
wkqv m¤úª`vq wKqvm‡K AvB‡bi Drm wnmv‡e ¯^xKvi K‡i bv|
5. Aviexq cÖ_v t gymwjg AvB‡bi cÂg Drm n‡jv cÖvK-Bmjvgx cÖ_vmgyn| Bmjvgx
AvBb-wekvi`MY †KviAvb, nvw`m, mybœvn, BRgv I wKqvm e¨ZxZ †h DrmwUi Dci
†ekx ¸iæZ¡ Av‡ivc K‡ib †mUv n‡jv cyivZb Aviexq ixwZ ev cÖ_v| A‡bK cyivZb Aviexq
cÖ_v †KviAv‡bi AvqvZ Øviv bvKP Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avi †h mKj Aviexq ixwZ ev cÖ_v
†KviAvb KZ©„„K bvKP Kiv nqwb , eis mybœvn KZ©„K cÖZ¨ÿ ev c‡ivÿfv‡e M„nxZ
n‡q‡Q †m¸‡jv gymwjg AvB‡bi wewa wnmv‡e cÖPwjZ i‡q‡Q|
6. wewae× AvBbt evsjv‡`‡k gymjgvb‡`i ‡ÿ‡Î 1961 mv‡ji gymwjg cvwievwiK AvBb
cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq| GB AvB‡bi 4 avivq DËivwaKvi m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q‡Q| 1937 mv‡ji kwiqZ
AvB‡bi 2 aviv Abyhvqx KwZcq ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wel‡q gymwjg AvBb cÖ‡hvR¨| weevn
we‡”Q` Ges AwffveKZ¡ wel‡q gymwjg weevn we‡”Q` AvBb 1939 cÖ‡hvR¨, †Zgwb
†gRwiwU G¨v± 1875, MvwW©qvb I IqvW©m G¨v± 1890 QvovI KwZcq AvBb wewae×
Kiv n‡q‡Q| G cÖKv‡ii AvBb¸‡jv‡K gymwjg DËivwaKvi AvB‡bi lô Drm e‡j aiv nq|
gymwjg cvwievwiK AvB‡bi AvIZv t gymjgvb‡`i ˆ`bw›`b Rxe‡b ev¯Íe
mgm¨vmgyn mgvav‡bi Rb¨ 1961 mv‡ji gymwjg cvwievwiK AvBb cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq|
wb¤œwjwLZ †ÿ‡Z gymwjg cvwievwiK AvBb cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡q _v‡K t (1) DËivwaKvi, (2)
weevn, (3) weevn-we‡”Q`, (4) DBj, (5) ‡nev, Ges (6) IqvK&d|
m¤úwË e›U‡bi c~‡e©i AvbyôvwbKZvmgyn t †Kvb gymjvgvb gviv †M‡j Zvi
†i‡L hvIqv m¤úwË e›Ub Kivi c~‡e© D‡jøwLZ Kvh©mgyn m¤úbœ Ki‡Z n‡et
1. cÖ_gZ t g„Z e¨w³i ch©vß m¤úwË _vK‡j Zv n‡Z Zvi `vdb-Kvd‡bi hveZxq LiP †gUv‡Z
n‡e|
2. wØZxqZ t hw` g„Z e¨w³ RxweZ _vKv Ae¯’vq ‡Kvb avi-‡`bv K‡i _v‡Kb Z‡e D³ avi-‡`bv
Zvi †i‡L hvIqv m¤úwË n‡Z cwi‡kva K‡i w`‡Z n‡e|
3. Z…ZxqZ t hw` g„Z e¨w³ Zvi ¯¿xi ev ¯¿x‡`i †`b‡gvni cwi‡kva bv K‡i _v‡Kb ev AvswkK
Acwi‡kvwaZ _vK‡j Zvi †i‡L hvIqv m¤ú` †_‡K Acwi‡kvwaZ †`b‡gvni cwi‡kv‡ai e¨e¯’v
Ki‡Z n‡e|
4. PZz_©Z t g„Z e¨w³ †Kvb `vb ev DBj K‡i ‡M‡j Zv cÖvcK‡K w`‡q w`‡Z n‡e|
IqvwikM‡Yi †kÖYxt †KviAvb I nv`xm †gvZv‡eK hv‡`i g‡a¨ Iqvwiwk m¤úwË e›Ub
Kiv n‡e Zv‡`i‡K `yB fv‡M fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| Giv n‡jv - (1) hwej dziiæR ev i‡³i m¤ú‡K©i
Nwbó Rb Ges (2) hwej Avmvev ev Aewkó nK`vi| hw`I cyÎ mšÍvb i‡³i m¤ú‡K©i NwbóRb wKš‘
Zv‡K hwej Avmvev K¨vUvMix‡Z †djv n‡q‡Q| GUv cweÎ †KviAv‡bi wb‡`©k, hv e`jv‡bvi
my‡hvM †bB|
K) hwej dziiæR (Askx`vi/ †kqvivi) t cweÎ †KviAvb, nvw`m Ges BRgvi mg_©‡b g„Z e¨w³i
†i‡L hvIqv m¤úwˇZ hv‡`i Ask wbw`©ó K‡i †`Iqv n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i‡K hwej dziiæR (Askx`vi/
†kqvivi) ejv nq| Giv n‡jv ÒRyj †KviAvbÓ ev ‡KviAvbx Iqvwik| G‡`i msL¨v 12, hvi g‡a¨ 8 Rb
bvix Ges 4 Rb cyiæl| Giv `ywU m¤úK© n‡Z AvMZ, i³ m¤úK©xq Ges weevn m¤úK©xq| g„Z
e¨w³i m¤úwË n‡Z Askx`vi ev †kqviviMb cÖ_‡g m¤úwË cÖvß n‡e Zvici wKQz Aewkó _vK‡j
Ab¨iv cv‡e| Giv n‡jv (1) wcZv, (2) gvZv, (3) ¯^vgx (4) ¯¿x, (5) Kb¨v, (6) wcZvgn/ `v`v, (7)
`v`x/ bvbx, (8) cy‡Îi Kb¨v, (9) m‡nv`iv †evb/ Avcb †evb, (10) ˆegv‡Îq †evb, (11) ˆewc‡Îq
†evb, Ges (12) ˆewc‡Îq fvB|
- 3. L) hwej Avmvev ev Ae‡k‡l cÖvcK t g„Z e¨w³ †i‡L hvIqv m¤úwË n‡Z Askx`vi ev
†kqviviMb‡K Ask †`evi ci hv Aewkó _v‡K Zv hv‡`i g‡a¨ e›Ub Kiv nq Zv‡`i‡K GK‡Î Avmvev
ev Ae‡k‡l cÖvcK ejv nq| gymwjg cvwievwiK AvB‡bi 61 avivq Avmvev ej‡Z Zv‡`i‡K
eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q, hviv m¤úwËi wbw`©ó Ask cvq bv| Avmvev ev Ae‡k‡l cÖvcK †gvU 18 Rb,
hvi g‡a¨ 16 Rb cyiæl Ges 2 Rb bvix| AvmvevMb wØZxq †kÖYxi DËivwaKvix| Avmvevi
ZvwjKv‡K eskai‡ii wfwˇZ Pvi fv‡M fvM Kiv nq| †hgbt
1. wb‡Rieskait cyÎGes cy‡Îi cyÎ|
2. c~e©eZ©xeskait wcZv Ges wcZvgn/ `v`v|
3. wcZvi eskait fvB, †evb, ˆegv‡Îq †evb, ˆegv‡Îq fvB, fvB‡qi cyÎ, ‰egv‡Îq fvB‡qi
cyÎ, fvB‡qi cy‡Îi cyÎ, Ges ˆegv‡Îq fvB‡qi cy‡Îi cyÎ |
4. `v`vi eskait PvPv, ˆegv‡Îq PvPv, PvPvi cyÎ, ˆegv‡Îq PvPvi cyÎ, PvPvi cy‡Îi cyÎ Ges
ˆegv‡Îq PvPvi cy‡Îi cyÎ|
Dc‡iv³ Avmvev ZvwjKvi †h †Kvb GKwU eskai m¤úwËi Ask cv‡e| Z‡e GKB mv‡_ `yBwU
µwg‡Ki eskaiMb m¤úwËi fvM cv‡e bv| hw` wb‡Ri eska‡ii †KD RxweZ _v‡K Z‡e ZvivB ïay
m¤úwËi Ask cv‡e Ab¨ †Kvb eskai cv‡e bv| hw` wb‡Ri eskai RxweZ bv _v‡K, Z‡e c~e©eZ©x
eskai m¤úwËi Ask cv‡e| hw` wb‡Ri eskai Ges c~e©eZ©x eska‡ii g‡a¨ †KD bv _v‡K Z‡e wcZvi
eskai m¤úwËi Ask cv‡e| hw` wb‡Ri eskai, c~e©eZ©x eskai Ges wcZvi eska‡ii g‡a¨†KD RxweZ
bv _v‡K Z‡e †m‡ÿ‡Î `v`vi eskaiiv m¤úwË cv‡e| Avmvev ev Ae‡k‡l cÖvcKMb mK‡j mgvb nv‡i
m¤úwË cv‡eb, Z‡e GKRb cyiæl GKRb gwnjvi wظb m¤úwË cv‡eb|
gymwjg DËivwaKvi AvB‡b m¤úwË e›U‡bimvavib wbqgt
1. GKRb gymwj‡gi g„Zz¨i mv‡_ mv‡_B Zvi m¤úwËi ¯^Z¡ Iqvwik‡`i Dci eZ©vq|
2. g„Zz¨Kv‡j g„Z e¨w³i mv‡_ hvi Kvi‡Y ev hvi gva¨‡g m¤úK©hy³ wZwb †e‡Pu _vK‡j cieZ©x
m¤úK©hy³ e¨w³ Iqvwik n‡e bv| †hgbt wcZv RxweZ _vK‡j fvB m¤úwË cvq bv, fvB †e‡P
_vK‡j fvB‡qi cyÎ m¤úwË cvq bv|
3. Askx`vi ev ‡kqvivi‡K m¤úwËi Ask †`evi ci evKx m¤úwË Avmvev ev †iwmWzqvixMb cv‡e|
GB †kÖYxi †KD bv _vK‡j `yi m¤ú‡K©i AvZ¥xq‡`i g‡a¨ m¤ú` fvM n‡e|
4. GKB †kÖYxi DËivwaKvix‡`i g‡a¨ wbKUeZ©x †eu‡P _vK‡j `~ieZ©x e¨w³ m¤úwËi Ask
cv‡e bv| †hgbt wcZv _vK‡j `v`v Ges cyÎ _vK‡j fvB m¤úwË cv‡ebv|
5. (K) cyÎ, (L) Kb¨v, (M) wcZv, (N) gvZv, (O) ¯^vgx Ges (P) ¯¿x GB 6 †kÖYxi IqvwikMb †Kvbfv‡eB
m¤ú` †_‡K ewÂZ n‡e bv, A_©vr Zviv m¤úwË cv‡eB| GRb¨ m¤úwË e›U‡bi †ÿ‡Î †`L‡Z n‡e Giv
RxweZ Av‡Q wKbv Ges wnm¨v Abyhvqx m¤úwËi fvM †`qv n‡q‡Q wKbv| cy‡Îi cyÎ (hZ wb‡¤œ),
wcZvi wcZv (hZ Dc‡i) _vK‡j Zviv cv‡e ‡h wbKUeZ©x †mB wfwˇZ|
6. wnm¨ve›U‡b mgch©v‡qi (Askx`vi A_ev Avmvev wnmv‡e) GKRb bvix Iqvwik GKRb cyiæl
Iqvwi‡ki A‡a©K cwigvb m¤úwË cv‡e| †hgbt Kb¨v cy‡Îi A‡a©K cv‡e (e¨wZµgt wcZv-gvZv,
ˆewc‡Îq fvB-‡evb)|
7. cyÎ _vK‡j fvB-†evb m¤úwËi fvM cv‡e bv, †Zgwb wcZv RxweZ _vK‡jI fvB-‡evb m¤úwËi
fvM cv‡e bv|
8. ‡g‡q †jv‡Ki †ÿ‡Î †Kvb mšÍvb (cyÎ/Kb¨v) _vK‡j g„Z gwnjvi mZx‡bi mšÍv‡biv m¤úwËi fvM
cv‡e bv|
9. wbtmšÍvb †ev‡bi m¤úwˇZ fvB Ask cv‡e|
10.Kb¨vi Kvi‡b fvB †evb ewÂZ n‡e bv, A_©vr Kv‡iv hw` cyÎ bv _v‡K (ïay Kb¨v _v‡K) Z‡e
Zvi fvB-‡ev‡biv m¤úwËi Ask cv‡e|
11.g„Z e¨w³i Iqvwik hw` Zvi Lywb cÖgvwbZ nq Z‡e D³ Lywb Iqvwik nIqvm‡Z¡I m¤úwËi fvM
cv‡e bv|
12. †Kvb gymjgvb ag©všÍwiZ n‡q Ab¨ ag© MÖnb Ki‡j wZwb Iqvwik wnmv‡e we‡ewPZ n‡e
bv|
- 4. 13.ZvjvKcÖvßMb (cyiæl I gwnjv DfqB) g„Z e¨w³i m¤úwËi Iqvwik wnmv‡e Mb¨ n‡e bv|
14.mr wcZv ev mr gv‡qi m¤úwË mr †Q‡j-‡g‡qiv cvq bv| †Zgwb mr †Q‡j-‡g‡qi m¤úwËI mr
wcZv-gvZv cvq bv|
15. †Kvb Iqvwik bcyskK (wnRov/ Z…Zxq wj½) n‡j Zv‡K bvix wnmv‡e a‡i m¤úwË e›Ub
Ki‡Z n‡e|
16.‡Kvb Iqvwik wb‡LvuR _vK‡j wZwb hZw`b †e‡Pu _vK‡Z cv‡ib e‡j g‡b nq ZZw`b, A_ev
wb‡Lvu‡Ri ci m‡e©v”P 90 eQi ch©šÍZvui Ask Mw”QZ ivL‡Z n‡e|
17. 1961 mv‡ji gymwjg cvwievwiK AvB‡bi 4 aviv †gvZv‡eK, hvi m¤úwË ew›UZ n‡”Q Zvi g„Zz¨i
c~‡e© Zvi cyÎ/Kb¨vi g„Zy¨ n‡j Ges g„Z cyÎ/ Kb¨vi †Kvb mšÍvb eZ©gvb _vK‡j g„Z cyÎ/Kb¨v
RxweZ _vK‡j ‡h Ask †cZ ‡mB cwigvb m¤úwË Zvi mšÍvbiv wg‡j cv‡e| 1961 mv‡ji c~‡e© GB
weavb wQj bv| GwZg mšÍv‡biv hv‡Z ewÂZ bv nq †mRb¨B G weavb ivLv n‡q‡Q|
18. g„Z e¨w³i g„Zy¨Kv‡j Zvi ¯¿xi Mf©¯’ mšÍvb‡K RxweZ I cyÎ wn‡m‡e MY¨ K‡i m¤úwË e›Ub
Ki‡Z n‡e Ges D³ mšÍvb R‡b¥i c‡i †g‡q n‡j m¤úwË cybt e›Ub Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
19.g„Z e¨w³i †Kvb FY _vK‡j Zvi †i‡L hvIqv m¤úwË n‡Z FY cwi‡kva Ki‡Z n‡e, A_ev
Iqvwik‡`i cÖvc¨ m¤úwËi AvbycvwZK nv‡i ‡`bv cwi‡kva Ki‡Z n‡e|
20.m‡nv`i fvB ˆegv‡Îq fvB‡`i c~‡e© Iqvwik n‡e|
21.Kb¨v mšÍvb Zvi wcZvi m¤úwËi b¨vq gv‡qi m¤úwˇZI Askx`vi n‡e|
22.A‡b¨i Kvi‡b ‡Kvb †Kvb Askx`vi Avmvev n‡q hvq| †hgbt cy‡Îi Rb¨ Kb¨v, cy‡Îi cy‡Îi Rb¨
cy‡Îi Kb¨v, fvB‡qi Rb¨ †evb Avmvev n‡q hvq|
23.wcZv, wcZvgn, Kb¨v, cy‡Îi Kb¨v, †evb Ges ˆegv‡Îq †evb GB 6 Rb Askx`vi †ÿÎ we‡k‡l
Avmvev n‡eb|
24.Kb¨v Ges cy‡Îi Kb¨vi Rb¨ †evb Avmvev n‡e|
25. g„Z e¨w³i m‡nv`i fvB-‡evb bv _vK‡j ˆegv‡Îq †evb g„Z e¨w³i Kb¨vi mv‡_ (Kb¨vi Afv‡e
‡cŠwÎ) mv‡_ Avmvev n‡eb|
26.RviR mšÍvb Zvi gv I gv‡qi AvZ¡xq‡`i wbKU n‡Z m¤úwË e›U‡bi mvaviY wbqgvbyhvqx
cÖvc¨ n‡e (gymwjg nvbvwd AvBb Abymv‡i)|
27. g„Z e¨w³i †Kvb DËivwaKvi bv _vK‡j Ges wZwb RxweZ _vKvKv‡j KvD‡K D³ m¤úwË
†`Iqvi e¨e¯’v bv K‡i †M‡j miKvi Zvi m¤úwËi Iqvwik n‡e|
28. gymwjg DËivwaKvi AvB‡b †Kvb mšÍvb‡K Z¨vR¨ e‡j aiv nq bv, d‡j g„Z e¨w³i m¤úwËi fvM
n‡Z Zv‡K ewÂZ Kiv hvq bv|
gymwjg dviv‡qR Abyhvqx Iqvwik‡`i cÖvc¨ Ask
1. wcZvi Ask t wcZv Zvi g„Z mšÍv‡bi m¤úwˇZ wZbfv‡e DËivwaKvix n‡q _v‡Kb t
(K) hw` g„Z mšÍv‡bi cyÎ, cy‡Îi cyÎ ev cy‡Îi cy‡Îi cyÎ Gfv‡e hZB bx‡P †nvK bv †Kb, †Kvb cy‡Îi
Aw¯ÍZ¡ _v‡K, Z‡e g„Z mšÍv‡bi wcZv m¤úwËi 1/6 Ask cv‡eb|
(L) hw` g„Z †KejgvÎ Kb¨v mšÍvb ev Zvi cy‡Îi Kb¨v mšÍvb _v‡K Z‡e wcZv Zvi m¤úwËi 1/6 Ask
cv‡eb| GB †ÿ‡Î Kb¨v‡`i Ges Ab¨ Askx`vi‡`i †`evi ci hv Aewkó _vK‡e ZvI wcZv Avmvev
(‡iwmWzqvi) wn‡m‡e cv‡eb|
(M) hw` g„Z mšÍv‡bi †Kvb cyÎ-Kb¨v ev cy‡Îi mšÍvb wKQzB bv _v‡K Z‡e evKx Askx`vi‡`i Zv‡`i
Ask Abyhvqx ‡`Iqvi ci Aewkó hv _vK‡e Zvi meUzKzB wcZv cv‡eb, A_©vr wcZvB GKgvÎ
Avmvev n‡eb| Z‡e, g„Z e¨w³i †Kvb mšÍvb I wcZv †KD bv _vK‡j Zvi m¤úwË Zvi RxweZ fvB
ev fvB‡qiv cv‡eb| Avevi fvB bv _vK‡j Zvi fvB‡qi mšÍv‡biv cv‡e|
2. gvZvi Ask t gv Zvi g„Z mšÍv‡bi m¤úwˇZ wZbfv‡e Ask †c‡q _v‡Kb t
(K) g„Z e¨w³i †Kvb mšÍvb ev cy‡Îi mšÍvbvw` (hZ bx‡PB †nvK) _vK‡j A_ev hw` g„Z e¨w³i
m‡nv`i, ˆegv‡Îq ev ˆewc‡Îq fvB-‡ev‡bi g‡a¨ Kgc‡ÿ 2 Rb ev Z‡ZvwaK RxweZ _v‡K Z‡e gvZv
g„Z mšÍv‡bi m¤úwËi 1/6 Ask cv‡eb|
- 5. (L) g„Z e¨w³i †Kvb mšÍvb ev cy‡Îi mšÍvbvw` hZ wb‡¤œi †nvK, ‡KD bv _vK‡j Ges hw`
m‡nv`i, ˆewc‡Îq, ‰egv‡Îq fvB ev †ev‡bi Kgc‡ÿ 2 Rb RxweZ bv _v‡K (A_©vr fvB-
‡ev‡bi msL¨v G‡Ki AwaK bq) Z‡e gvZv g„Z mšÍv‡bi †gvU m¤úwËi 1/3 Ask cv‡eb|
(M) g„Z e¨w³i GK fvB _vK‡jI gvZv †gvU m¤úwËi 1/3 Ask cv‡eb|
(N) g„Z e¨w³i wcZv Ges ¯^vgx ev ¯¿x RxweZ _vK‡j ZLb ¯^vgx ev ¯¿x‡K †`Iqvi ci †h
Aewkó Ask _vK‡e Zvi 1/3 Ask cv‡eb| A_©vr hw` wcZv RxweZ _v‡Kb Ges Rxeb
m½x/m½xwb RxweZ _v‡Kb †m‡ÿ‡Î cÖ_‡g Rxeb m½x/ m½xwb‡K Zvi Ask w`‡Z n‡e,
Gici Aewkó Ask n‡Z 1/3 Ask gvZv cv‡eb| g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e G‡ÿ‡Î †gvU m¤úwËi 1/3
Ask bq, ¯^vgx ev ¯¿x‡K †`evi ci Aewkó m¤úwËi 1/3 Ask|
(O) hw` g„Z e¨w³i wcZv RxweZ bv _v‡Kb, `v`v RxweZ _v‡Kb Ges g„Z e¨w³i †Kvb mšÍvb
ev cy‡Îi mšÍvbvw` hZ wb‡¤œi †nvK, ‡KD bv _vK‡j Ges fvB ev †ev‡bi Kgc‡ÿ 2 Rb
RxweZ bv _v‡K (A_©vr fvB-‡ev‡bi msL¨v G‡Ki AwaK bq) Z‡e gvZv g„Z mšÍv‡bi
†gvU m¤úwËi 1/3 Ask cv‡eb|
3. ¯^vgxi Ask t ¯^vgx KLbB Zvi g„Z ¯¿xi m¤úwË n‡Z ewÂZ n‡eb bv| ¯^vgx `yB fv‡e g„Z
¯¿xi m¤úwËi fvM †c‡q _v‡Kb|
(K) g„Z ¯¿xi †Kvb mšÍvb ev cy‡Îi mšÍvb _vK‡j ¯^vgx Zvi g„Z ¯¿xi m¤úwËi 1/4 Ask
cv‡eb|
(L) g„Z ¯¿xi †Kvb mšÍvb bv ev cy‡Îi mšÍvb †KDB bv _vK‡j ¯^vgx Zvi g„Z ¯¿xi m¤úwËi
1/2 Ask cv‡eb|
4. ¯¿xi Ask t weaev ¯¿x †Kvbfv‡eB Zvi ¯^vgxi m¤úwË n‡Z ewÂZ n‡eb bv| ¯¿x `yB fv‡e Zvi
g„Z ¯^vgxi m¤úwË †c‡q _v‡Kb|
(K) g„Z ¯^vgxi †Kvb mšÍvb ev Zv‡`i cy‡Îi mšÍvb _vK‡j m¤úwËi 1/8 Ask cv‡eb| ¯¿x
GKvwaK n‡jI mKj ¯¿x wg‡j 1/8 Ask mgvbfv‡e e›Ub K‡i †b‡eb|
(L) g„Z ¯^vgxi †Kvb mšÍvb ev cy‡Îi mšÍvb †KDB bv _vK‡j wZwb g„Z ¯^vgxi m¤úwËi 1/4
Ask cv‡eb| ¯¿x GKvwaK n‡jI mKj ¯¿x wg‡j 1/4 Ask mgvbfv‡e e›Ub K‡i †b‡eb|
5. Kb¨v mšÍv‡bi Ask t Kb¨v KLbB Zvi g„Z wcZv/ gvZvi m¤úwË n‡Z ewÂZ n‡eb bv | Kb¨v
Zvi g„Z wcZv/gvZvi m¤úwˇZ wZbfv‡e Ask †c‡q _v‡Kb|
(K) hLb g„Z e¨w³i †Kvb cyÎ _vK‡e bv ZLb Kb¨v ‡kqvivi ev Askx`vi n‡q hv‡e Ges hw`
wZwb GKgvÎ Kb¨v nb Z‡e wZwb †gvU m¤úwËi 1/2 Ask cv‡eb|
(L) hw` cyÎ bv _v‡K Ges GKvwaK Kb¨v _v‡K Z‡e, mKj Kb¨v wg‡j †gvU m¤úwËi 2/3 Ask
cv‡e| cÖ‡Z¨K Kb¨v 2/3 Ask m¤úwËi mgvb fvM cv‡e|
(M) hw` g„Z e¨w³i cyÎ _v‡K Ges Kb¨v _v‡K ‡m‡ÿ‡Î Kb¨v Askx`vi _vK‡e bv Avmvev
(‡iwmWqvix) n‡q hv‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î cÖ‡Z¨K cyÎ hv cv‡e, Kb¨v Zvi A‡a©K cv‡e| A_©vr
AbycvZ n‡e 2t1|
6. wcZvgn / `v`vi Ask t hLb g„Z e¨w³i wcZv RxweZ _vK‡e bv, ZLb g„Z e¨w³i `v`v
wcZvi b¨q g„Z e¨w³i m¤úwˇZ Askx`vi n‡eb| g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e, g„Z e¨w³i wcZv RxweZ
Ae¯’vq `v`v †Kvb g‡ZB m¤úwË cv‡eb bv|
7. Avcb `v`x/ bvbxi Ask t
(K) hw` g„Z e¨w³i gvZv RxweZ bv _v‡Kb Z‡e ‡kqvivi wnmv‡e g„Z e¨w³i `v`x †gvU m¤úwËi
1/6 cv‡eb|
(L) hw` g„Z e¨w³i wcZv Ges gvZv DfqB RxweZ _v‡Kb Z‡e `v`x/ bvbx †KD †Kvb Ask cv‡eb
bv|
(M) hw` ïay gvÎ wcZv RxweZ _v‡Kb Z‡e g„Z e¨w³i `v`xi ¯’‡j bvbx m¤úwËi 1/6 Ask cv‡eb|
- 6. (N) hw` g„Z e¨w³i wcZv bv _v‡K Ges `v`vI RxweZ bv _v‡K Z‡e 1/6 Ask m¤úwË `v`x I bvbx
mgvbfv‡M fvM K‡i wb‡eb|
8. cy‡ÎiKb¨vi (†cŠwÎ) Ask t
(K) hLb g„Z e¨w³i cyÎ, Kb¨v Ges cy‡Îi cyÎ _vK‡e bv, ZLb cy‡Îi Kb¨v GKRb n‡j wZwb g„Z
e¨w³i †gvU m¤úwËi 1/2 Ask cv‡eb|
(L) hLb g„Z e¨w³i cyÎ, Kb¨v Ges cy‡Îi cyÎ _vK‡e bv, ZLb cy‡Îi Kb¨v GKvwaK n‡j mKj
†cŠwÎ wg‡j g„Z e¨w³i †gvU m¤úwËi 2/3 Ask cv‡eb| G‡ÿ‡Î cÖ‡Z¨K †cŠwÎ D³ 2/3 Ask‡K
mgvbfv‡e wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ fvM K‡i wb‡eb|
(M) g„Z e¨w³i hw` cyÎ bv _v‡K Ges GKRb Kb¨v _v‡K Z‡e GK ev GKvwaK †cŠwÎ wg‡j g„Z
e¨w³i †gvU m¤úwËi 1/6 Ask cv‡eb|
(N) g„Z e¨w³i hw` GKvwaK Kb¨v _v‡K ‡m‡ÿ‡Î †cŠwÎ †Kvb m¤úwË cv‡e bv|
(O) g„Z e¨w³i hw` †Kvb cyÎ _v‡K Z‡e ‡m‡ÿ‡Î †cŠwÎ †Kvb m¤úwË cv‡e bv|
9. mn‡`viv/ Avcb †ev‡biAsk t
(K) hLb g„Z e¨w³i cyÎ, Kb¨v Ges cy‡Îi cyÎ, cy‡Îi Kb¨v, Avcb fvB, wcZv, wcZvgn †KDB _vK‡e bv,
ZLb Avcb ‡evb †kqvivi wnmv‡e m¤úwË cv‡e| A_©vr Giv †h‡KD RxweZ _vK‡j Avcb †evb
g„Z e¨w³i m¤úwËi †Kvb fvM cv‡e bv|
(L) Dc‡i D‡jøwLZ †KD RxweZ bv _vK‡j Ges Avcb †evb GKRb n‡j g„Z e¨w³i †gvU m¤úwËi
1/2 Ask cv‡eb|
(M) Dc‡i D‡jøwLZ †KD RxweZ bv _vK‡j Avcb †evb GKvwaK n‡j mKj †evb wg‡j g„Z e¨w³i
†gvU m¤úwËi 2/3 Ask cv‡eb| cÖvß 2/3 Ask mKj †ev‡biv mgvb fv‡e fvM K‡i wb‡eb|
(N) m‡nv`iv †ev‡bi mv‡_ m‡nv`i fvB _vK‡j †evb Askx`vi bv n‡q Avmvev n‡q hv‡eb Ges fvB †ev‡bi
wظb m¤úwË cv‡eb|
(O) †ev‡bi mv‡_ g„Z e¨w³i Kb¨v A_ev †cŠwÎ _vK‡jI ‡evb Askx`vi bv n‡q Avm vev n‡eb Ges
Zv‡`i (Kb¨v I †cŠwÎ) Ask ev‡` Aewkó m¤úwË †evb cv‡e|
10. ‰egv‡Îq (mr) †ev‡biAsk t
m‡nv`iv †ev‡bi AeZ©gv‡b ˆegv‡Îq †evb _vK‡j †mI m‡nv`iv †ev‡bi gZ Ask cv‡e| ˆegv‡Îq
†ev‡bi Ae¯’v wb¤œiæct
(K) g„Z e¨w³i cyÎ, Kb¨v, cy‡Îi cyÎ, cy‡Îi Kb¨v, Avcb fvB, Avcb †evb, ˆegv‡Îq fvB, wcZv
†KDB bv _vK‡j Ges ‰egv‡Îq †evb GKRb n‡j wZwb g„Z e¨w³i †gvU m¤úwËi 1/2 Ask
cv‡e|
(L) Giæc Ae¯’vq ‰egv‡Îq †evb GKvwaK n‡j mKj ‰egv‡Îq †evb wg‡j g„Z e¨w³i †gvU
m¤úwËi 2/3 Ask cv‡e| cÖvß 2/3 Ask mKj ˆegv‡Îq †ev‡biv mgvb fv‡e fvM K‡i wb‡e|
(M) g„Z e¨w³i ‡KejgvÎ GKRb m‡nv`iv †evb _vK‡j GK ev GKvwaK ˆegv‡Îq †evb wg‡j †gvU
m¤úwËi 1/6 Ask cv‡eb|
(N) g„Z e¨w³i GKvwaK m‡nv`iv †evb _vK‡j ˆegv‡Îq †evb †gvU m¤úwËi †Kvb Ask cv‡eb
bv|
(O) `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK m‡nv`iv †ev‡bi eZ©gv‡b ˆegv‡Îq †ev‡bi m‡½ ˆegv‡Îq fvBI _vK‡j
m‡nv`iv †evb‡`i 2/3 Ask †bevi ci hv Aewkó _v‡K Zv ˆegv‡Îq fvB-‡ev‡biv 2t1 nv‡i cv‡i|
11. ‰ewc‡Îq†ev‡biAsk t
(K) g„Z e¨w³i wcZv n‡Z Dc‡ii c~e©cyiæl Ges mšÍvb n‡Z DËim~ix †KD bv _vK‡j
‰ewc‡Îq †evb GKv n‡j †kqvivi wnmv‡e g„Z e¨w³i †gvU m¤úwËi 1/6 Ask cv‡e|
(L) Dc‡iv³ kZ© c~ib mv‡c‡ÿ Ges GKvwaK ˆewc‡Îq †evb ev ˆewc‡Îq fvB (GK ev GKvwaK)
_vK‡j mKj ‰ewc‡Îq fvB-‡evb wg‡j g„Z e¨w³i †gvU m¤úwËi 1/3 Ask cv‡e| D³ 1/3 Ask
mKj fvB-‡evb mgvb fv‡e fvM K‡i wb‡e| ˆewc‡Îq fvB-‡evb mgvb mgvb Ask cv‡e| GwU
GKwU e¨wZµg †Km, Kvib Ab¨ mKj †ÿ‡Î fvB †ev‡bi Zzjbvq wظb m¤úwË cvq|
- 7. 12. ‰ewc‡Îq fvB‡qiAsk t
(K) g„Z e¨w³i wcZv n‡Z Dc‡ii c~e©cyiæl Ges mšÍvb n‡Z DËim~ix †KD bv _vK‡j
‰ewc‡Îq fvB GKv n‡j †kqvivi wnmv‡e g„Z e¨w³i †gvU m¤úwËi 1/6 Ask cv‡e|
(L) Dc‡iv³ kZ© c~ib mv‡c‡ÿ Ges GKvwaK ˆewc‡Îq †evb ev ˆewc‡Îq fvB (GK ev
GKvwaK) _vK‡j mKj ‰ewc‡Îq fvB-‡evb wg‡j g„Z e¨w³i †gvU m¤úwËi 1/3 Ask
cv‡e| D³ 1/3 Ask mKj fvB-‡evb mgvb fv‡e fvM K‡i wb‡e| ˆewc‡Îq fvB-‡evb mgvb
mgvb Ask cv‡e|
13. cyÎ mšÍv‡bi Ask t g„Z e¨w³i †Q‡j ev †Q‡jiv me †ÿ‡ÎB m¤úwË †c‡q _v‡K| †h †ÿ‡Î
g„Z e¨w³i †Q‡j I †g‡q i‡q‡Q †m †ÿ‡Î †Q‡j ev †Q‡jiv †g‡q ev †g‡q‡`i †P‡q wظb
m¤úwË cv‡e| g„Z e¨w³i m¤úwˇZ wcZv-gvZv I ¯^vgx-¯¿x wbw`©ó Ask cvevi ci
Aewkó m¤úwË †Q‡j-‡g‡q‡`i g‡a¨ e›Ub Kiv n‡e| Z‡e †g‡q bv _vK‡j Askx`vi‡`i Ask
†`Iqvi ci Aewkóvsk‡fvMx wnmv‡e evKx m¤ú~Y© m¤úwË †Q‡jev †Q‡jivB cv‡e|
14. m‡nv`i fvB‡qi Ask t m‡nv`i fvB wbw`©ó Askx`vi wnmv‡e †Kvb m¤úwË cv‡e bv|
Ab¨vb¨ Iqvwik‡`i Ask †`evi ci m¤úwË Aewkó _vK‡j m‡nv`i fvB Avmvev ev Ae‡k‡l
cÖvcK (Residuary) wnmv‡e m¤úwË cv‡eb| g„Z e¨w³i m¤úwˇZ m‡nv`i fvB‡qi Ask
wbw`©ó bv _vK‡jI ˆewc‡Îq fvB‡qi Ask wbw`©ó K‡i †`Iqv i‡q‡Q| G‡ÿ‡Z Avgxiæj
gy‡gbxb nhiZ Igi (ivt) KZ…©K cÖewZ©Z wngvwiqvZvb bxwZ Abymv‡i hw` †`Lv
hvq †h, ‰ewc‡Îq fvB m¤úwË cv‡”Q wKš‘ m‡nv`i fvB ev fvBMb m¤úwË cÖvwß n‡Z
ev` hv‡”Q, Z‡e ˆewc‡Îq fvB‡qi cÖvc¨ Ask ‰ewc‡Îq fvB Ges m‡nv`i fvBMb mevB
wg‡j mgvb fv‡i fvM K‡i wb‡e|
dviv‡qR AvB‡b AvDj bxwZ I ivÏbxwZt
AvDjbxwZ (Aul- n«vmKib)t gymwjg mywbœ AvB‡bi weavbg‡Z m¤úwËi
Askx`vi‡`i wbw`©ó Ask †`Iqvi ci hw` ew›UZ As‡ki mgwó †gvU m¤úwËi †P‡q †ewk
nq ZLb ew›UZ Ask AvbycvwZK nv‡i Kwg‡q †`Iqvi wbqg‡K AvDj bxwZ ejv nq|
fMœvs‡ki ni A‡cÿv je eo n‡j †m AsKwU AvDj bxwZ‡Z n‡e|
ivÏbxwZ (Radd- ‡diZ)t Iqvwik‡`i wbw`©ó Ask †`Iqvi ci m¤úwË DØ„Ë _vK‡j Zv
cybivq Iqvwik‡`i g‡a¨ AvbycvwZK nv‡i cybivq e›Ub Kivi wbqg‡K ejv nq ivÏ bxwZ|
fMœvs‡ki je A‡cÿv ni eo n‡j †m AsKwU ivÏ bxwZ‡Z n‡e|
m¤úwË e›U‡b GKwU †KBm ÷vwWt
Rbve ‡gvt Avãyjøvn GKRb mywbœ gymjgvb| wZwb wcZv-gvZvi cÖ_g mšÍvb| Zvi
cÖ_g ¯¿xi ivwk`v †eM‡gi mšÍvbvw` bv nIqvq, wZwb wØZxq weevn K‡i‡Qb| `yBRb
¯¿xB Zvi msmv‡i envj Av‡Qb| wØZxq ¯¿x Lv‡j`v †eM‡gi Ji‡m GKwU gvÎ Kb¨v mšÍvb
dvnwg`v RvZxq wek¦we`¨vj‡q evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ gv÷v‡m© c‡o| 53 eQi eq‡m Rbve ‡gvt
Avãyjøvn nVvr K‡i ü`‡iv‡M AvµvšÍ n‡q gviv †M‡jb| Zvi gvZv †ek Av‡MB MZ
n‡q‡Qb, Zvi e„× wcZvi Av‡ivI GKwU †Q‡j Ges `yBwU Kb¨v mšÍvb i‡q‡Q hviv mevB
weevwnZ| Rbve Avãyjøvn GKRb †QvU e¨emvqx Ges Zvi ‡gvU 20 weNv Avev`x Rwg I
emZevox i‡q‡Q| Rbve AvãyjøvnÕi g„Z¨yi ci Zvi m‡nv`i fvB Rbve nvweeyjøvn Zvi eo
fvexØq ivwk`v †eMg Ges Lv‡j`v †eMg I fvwZwR dvnwg`v‡K e‡j †h, ‡h‡nZz Avgvi
fvB‡qi †Kvb cyÎ mšÍvb †bB, †m‡nZz eofvB AvãyjøvnÕi m¤úwˇZ †Zvgv‡`i †Kvb
- 8. AwaKvi †bB| nvweeyjøvn †Kvb GK mgq Zv‡`i‡K evox †_‡K †ei K‡i †`q| Zviv
dvnwg`vi bvbvevox‡Z AvkÖq wb‡q‡Q| dvnwg`vi bvbv Rbve iwng Avcbvi Lye cwiwPZ
Ges wZwb Av‡jvP¨ NUbv Avcbv‡K Rvwb‡q Ge¨vcv‡i gymwjg cvwievwiK AvBb
Abyhvqx †Kvb †Kvb Iqvwik wK cwigvb m¤úwË cv‡e Zv wnmve K‡i w`‡Z Aby‡iva
K‡i| GgZve¯’vq, IqvwimM‡bi cÖvc¨ZvAbyhvqx m¤úwËi wnm¨v †ei Kiæb|
wn›`y AvBb
‡gvjøv kvgxg Av³vi
d¨vKvwë †g¤^vi
‡mvbvjx e¨vsK ÷vd K‡jR, XvKv
E-mail: [email protected]
wn›`y ag©vj¤^x‡`i wek¦vm I Rxeb-hvcb cÖbvjx‡K wbqš¿Y K‡i Ggb KwZcq wewa-weavb,
cÖ_v I AvPiY wewai mgvnvi‡KB wn›`y AvBb ejv nq| GB AvB‡bi †gŠwjK wfwË nj †e`|
DËivwaKvi, weevn, AwffveKZ¡, DBj, e›Ub, `vb BZ¨vw` GB AvBb Øviv wbqwš¿Z nq| wn›`y
a‡g©i g~j wfwË nj †e` Ges wn›`y AvBb wn›`y‡`i ag©xq AvBb| wn›`y AvB‡bi `ywU avivi
(wgZÿiv I `vqfvM) g‡a¨ evsjv A‡j `vqfv‡Mi cÖPjb me©vwaK| Z‡e `ËK m¤ú‡K© b›` cwÛZ
iwPZ `ËK wggvsmv Ges Kz‡ei iwPZ `ËKPw›`ªKv me©fvi‡Z ¯^xK…Z| Z‡e †Kvb wel‡q
gZcv_©K¨ †`Lv w`‡j evsjvq †k‡liwUB Abym„Z n‡Zv| e„wUk Avg‡j DËivwaKvi I
DËivwaKviµg wbY©q e¨ZxZ Ab¨vb¨ †ÿ‡Î †`Iqvwb AvBbmgyn e¨envi n‡Zv| evsjvq cÖPwjZ
†`Iqvwb AvBbmgyn e„wUk‡`i D‡`¨v‡M weev`vY©e‡mZz Ges weev`f½vY©e wk‡ivbv‡g
msKwjZ nq hv 1776 mv‡j n¨vj‡nW bvgK Bs‡iR Ges 1796 mv‡j ‡KvjeªæK bvgK Av‡iK Bs‡iR
Bs‡iRx fvlvq Abyev` K‡ib| cieZ©x‡Z AvbyôvwbK wePvic×wZi cÖ‡qvRb †`Lv w`‡j
me©fviZxq wfwˇZ cÖYxZ nq †`Iqvbx Kvh©wewa (1908 mv‡ji 5 bs AvBb)| 1947 mv‡j fviZ
wefv‡Mi ci fvi‡Z wn›`y AvB‡bi cwieZ©b N‡U| 1955 mv‡j fvi‡Z bZzb weevn AvBb cÖPwjZ
nq, hv‡Z weevn c×wZi Avg~j cwieZ©b N‡U Ges eûcZœxi weavb wejyß nq Ges weevn-
we‡”Q` c×wZiI cÖeZ©b nq| 1956 mv‡j Aci GKwU aviv e‡j `vqfvM Abyhvqx wcZv ev gvZvi
g„Zy¨i ci m¤úwˇZ cyÎ-Kb¨v Df‡qi mgvb Ask Ges ¯¿x ev ¯^vgxi GK-Z…Zxqvsk cvIbv
¯^xK…Z nq| fvi‡Zi mKj wn›`yi Rb¨ GB AvBb Kvh©Ki n‡jI evsjv‡`‡k †mB cyivZb wn›`y
AvBb (`vqfvM) ejer i‡q‡Q|
wn›`y AvB‡bi Drmt wn›`y AvB‡bi Drm PviwU| h_vt (1) †e` ev kÖæwZ, (2) ¯§„wZ, (3)
e¨vL¨v ev wbeÜ, Ges (4) cÖ_v|
1.†e` ev kÖæwZt AwZ cÖvPxbKv‡j †`eZvMY cÖZ¨ÿfv‡e hv e‡jwQ‡jb I ZrKv‡j gywbMb
hv ï‡bwQ‡jb Ges cieZ©xKv‡j gywb ‰Øcvqb KZ©„K msKwjZ nq ZvB †e`|
2. ¯§„wZ t mivmwi Bk¦‡ii evYx †_‡K bq, Z‡e FwlM‡Yi wkl¨, wk‡l¨i wkl¨ ev Abyiæc
cieZ©x ¯Í‡ii wkl¨iv c~e©eZ©x cyiæl‡`i wbKU †_‡K ï‡b †h welq wjwce× K‡i Zv ¯§„wZ
wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ|
3. e¨vL¨v ev wbeÜ t ag©xq Abykvm‡bi ¯§„wZi g‡a¨ RwUjZv †`Lv w`‡j gZvgZ ev e¨vL¨vi
D™¢e nq| cieZ©x‡Z 2 (`yB) Rb wn›`y cwÛZ weÁv‡bk¦i I wRgyZevnb kÖæwZ I ¯§„wZ‡K
mgš^q K‡i †ek wKQz wbeÜ iPbv K‡ib| G¸‡jvB e¨vL¨v ev wbeÜ bv‡g cwiwPZ| GB wbeÜ
`yB cÖKvi, cwÛZ weÁv‡bk¦i †h wbeÜ iPbv Ki‡Qb †mwU †h wbeÜ iPbv K‡i‡Qb †mwU
wgZÿiv Ges cwÛZ RxgyZevnb †h wbeÜ iPbv K‡i‡Qb Zv `vqfvM bv‡g cwiwPZ|
4. cÖ_v t wn›`y ag© cyivZb I mbvZb ag©| GB a‡g©i AbymvixMb eûKvj a‡i †h mKj ixwZ
cÖ_v †g‡b Avm‡Q †m¸‡jvI wn›`y AvB‡bi Ab¨Zg Drm|
- 9. wn›`y AvB‡bi cÖ‡qvM‡ÿÎtwn›`y AvBb wb¤œwjwLZ e¨w³‡eM©i Dci cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡et
1. Rb¥my‡Î hviv wn›`y Ges wn›`y a‡g© hviv w`wÿZ n‡q‡Qb|
2. wn›`y wcZv-gvZvi A‰ea mšÍvb
3. ‡h †ÿ‡Î wcZv wLª÷vb wKš‘ gvZv wn›`y †m †ÿ‡Î A‰ea mšÍvb hw` gvZvi wbKU ‡_‡K wn›`y
AvPvi Abyhvqx jvwjZ-cvwjZ nq|
4. Avw`g RvwZ hviv Abvh© e‡j AwfwnZ Ges wn›`y ixwZ-bxwZ I Abyôvb cvjb K‡i _v‡K|
evsjv‡`‡ki ivRkeskxivI wn›`y AvB‡bi AvIZvaxb|
5. ‰eŠ×, ‰Rb, wkL Ges mvuIZvjiv wn›`y ag©fz³ bv n‡jI Zv‡`i wbR¯^ cÖ_v m¤§Z AvBb
Qvov Ab¨vb¨ †ÿ‡Î wn›`y AvBb Øviv cwiPvwjZ|
6. evsjv‡`‡ki ˆeÂe m¤úª`vq wn›`y ag© we‡ivax KwZcq AvPvi-Abyôvb cvjb Ki‡jI †h‡nZz
`qvb›` mi¯^Zxi Avh© mgvRfz³ †jvKRbI wn›`y AvB‡bi AvIZvaxb, AZGe RvwZ ˆeÂeivI
wn›`y e‡j we‡ewPZ nq|
7. Rb¥MZfv‡e wn›`y n‡q †hme e¨w³ wn›`y ag© Z¨vM K‡i‡Q Ges cybivq AbyZß n‡q cybivq
wn›`y a‡g© AvkÖq MÖnY K‡i‡Q ZvivI wn›`y AvB‡bi AvIZvaxb|
8. wn›`y mgvR cÖavbZ PviwU e‡Y© wef³, h_vt eªvþY, ÿwÎq, ˆek¨ Ges k~`ª|
wb¤œwjwLZ e¨w³‡`i Dci wn›`y AvBb cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e bvt
1. wn›`y wcZv I wLª÷vb gvZvi M‡f©i A‰ea mšÍvb Ges hv‡K wLª÷vb AvPvi Abyhvqx
jvjb cvjb Kiv n‡q‡Q|
2. wn›`y wcZv I gymjgvb gvZvi A‰ea mšÍvb †m Rb¥ ev ag©my‡Î wn›`y bq|
3. ‡h wn›`y a‡g© Z¨vM K‡i wLªóvb a‡g© `xwÿZ n‡q‡Q| L„÷ a‡g© `xwÿZ †Kvb wn›`y
hw` wLª÷vb wnmv‡e Ges Zvi m¤ú` DBj bv K‡i gviv hvq †m‡ÿ‡Î Zvi Z¨vR¨ m¤úwËi
DËivwaKvi 1925 mv‡ji --------Gi Øviv wbqwš¿Z n‡e|
4. ‡hme wn›`yiv wn›`y a‡g©i AvIZvi evB‡i I kv‡¯¿i bxwZ n‡Z wfbœ ai‡bi ag© I AvPvi
Abyôvbmn GKwU c„_K m¤úª`vq m„wó K‡i‡Q|
5. hviv wn›`y ag© Z¨vM K‡i Bmjvg a‡g© `xwÿZ n‡q‡Q|
6. ‡h wn›`y wLª÷vb a‡g© `xwÿZ n‡q‡Q Ges evKx Rxeb wLª÷vb †_‡K g„Zz¨eiY K‡i‡Q|
wn›`y AvB‡bi avivt wn›`y AvBb `yÕwU avivq wef³| h_vt (1) `vqfvM I (2) wgZÿiv|
`vqfvMt `vqfvM wn›`y‡`i DËivwaKvi msµvšÍ AvBbMš’| RxeyZevnb bv‡g GKRb ev½vjx
cwÛZ (¯§„wZKvi) wn›`y m¤úª`v‡qi DËivwaKvi wbY©‡qi Rb¨ `vqfvM MÖš’ iPbv K‡ib|
`vqfvM cÖavbZ hvÁeé¨ ¯§„wZ Abymv‡i m¤úwËi DËivwaKvi I DËivwaKviµg welq
Aej¤^‡b iwPZ| Gi iPbvKvj wLóªxq GKv`k †_‡K ·qv`k kZ‡Ki g‡a¨ e‡j g‡b Kiv nq| `vqfvM
cÖ‡YZv cwÛZ RxgyZevnb g‡b K‡ib, kv¯¿g‡Z e„× e¨w³i kÖv‡× hviv wcÛ`v‡bi AwaKvix
ZvivB g„Z e¨w³i mwcÛ| AZGe, ZvivB g„Z e¨w³i DËivwaKvi nIqvi †hvM¨| DËivwaKvi I
DËivwaKviµg wba©vi‡Y `vqfvM cÖvPxb e½ A‡j e¨vcKfv‡e cÖPwjZ wQj, hv Dfq
evsjvq AvRI cÖPwjZ i‡q‡Q| MÖš’wU GK mgq GZB RbwcÖqZv AR©b K‡iwQj †h, Gi Dci
A‡bK¸wj UxKv iwPZ n‡qwQj| UxKvKviiv n‡jb kªxbv_ AvPvh©Pzovgwb (`vqfvM wUàbx,
15k-16k kZK), iNyb›`b (`vqfvM UxKv, 15k-16k kZK), kÖxK…Â ZK©vj¼vi (`vqfvM
UxKv, 18k kZK) cgyL D‡jøL‡hvM¨| g„Z wn›`y‡`i kÖv‡×i mgq wcZ…-gvZ…K~‡ji wZb
cyiæ‡li AvZ¥v‡`i AvnŸvb K‡i kÖv× Ki‡Z nq| g„Z AvZ¥v‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ kÖ×v wb‡e`‡bi Rb¨ †h
Abyôvb Kiv nq Zv‡K wcÛ`vb e‡j| g„Z e¨w³i kÖv‡× hviv wcÛ`v‡bi AwaKvix ZvivB g„Z
e¨w³i m¤úwËi AwaKvix nq| `vqfvM g‡Z 5 Rb gwnjvmn mwc‡Ûi msL¨v 53 Rb| GB AvBb
Abyhvqx wZb †kÖYxi DËivwaKvix i‡q‡Q h_vt mwcÛ, mvKzj¨ Ges mgv‡bv`K|
wgZ¶ivt weÁv‡bk¦i bv‡g GK cwÛZ GKv`k kZvãx‡Z wgZÿiv AvBb iPbv K‡ib, hv fvi‡Zi
Aev½vjx mgv‡R cÖPwjZ Av‡Q| wgZÿiv g‡Z Rb¥gvÎB cyÎ c~e©-c~iæ‡li m¤ú‡` wcZvi
mgvb Askx`vi nq| GLv‡b Rb¥MZ AwaKvi ¯^xKvi Kiv nq Ges DËivwaKvi wba©vwiZ nq
- 10. i‡³i m¤úK© Øviv| wgZÿiv AvB‡bi e¨venvi ev½vjx mgv‡R Z_v evsjv‡`‡k †bB| wgZÿiv
g‡Z wZb †kÖYxi DËivwaKvix | h_vt mwcÛ, mgv‡bv`K Ges eÜz| wgZÿiv g‡Z mwc‡Ûi
msL¨v 57 Rb|
m¤úwË n‡Z ewÂZ nIqvt
wb¤œwjwLZ Kvi‡Y GKRb wn›`y DËivwaKviZ¡ nB‡Z ewÂZ nqt
1. AmZx n‡j A_©vr ¯^vgx AmZx ¯¿x †i‡L gviv †M‡j †mB AmZx ¯¿x ¯^vgxi m¤úwË
cv‡e bv| Z‡e weaev ¯¿x AvBb m½Zfv‡e ¯^vgxi m¤úwË cvIqvi ci AmZx n‡j cÖvß
m¤úwË n‡Z ewÂZ n‡e bv|
2. ag©všÍwiZ n‡j kvixwiK I gvbwmK Amg_©Zv (wgZÿiv Abymvix‡`i ‡ÿ‡Î)| ag©všÍwiZ
nIqvi Kvi‡Y DËivwaKvi n‡Z ewÂZ n‡e bv| wKš‘ evsjv‡`‡k 1973 mv‡ji 8 bs AvBb
Øviv 1850 mv‡ji ag©xq ¯^vaxbZv AvBb i` Kiv nq| djkÖæwZ‡Z 1971 mv‡ji 26‡k
gv‡P©i ci n‡Z †Kvb wn›`y ag©všÍwiZ n‡j †m Avi DËivwaKvixZ¡ jvf Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|
3. mnRvZ cvMj I nvev Qvov Ab¨ Amg_©iv m¤úwË n‡Z ewÂZ n‡e bv| AÜ, ewai/ g~K,
A½nxb, Ges nvev‡Mvev cyiæl I gwnjvMY wn›`y AvB‡b DËivwaKvi n‡Z ewÂZ nq|
GgbwK `yiv‡ivM¨ Kzô e¨vwaMÖ¯Í e¨w³MYI ewÂZ nq| wKš‘ G‡`i ˆea mšÍvb wcZvgn I
wcZvgnxi m¤úwˇZ DËivwaKvix n‡e| †Kbbv AvB‡bi `„wó‡Z ewÂZ DËivwaKvix‡`i
g„Z we‡ePbv K‡i Zv‡`i DËivwaKvix‡`i Dci DËivwaKvixZ¡ eZ©vq|
4. cyiælZ¡nxb e¨w³ DËivwaKvi n‡Z cv‡i bv|
5. nZ¨vKvix wb‡R ev Kv‡iv gva¨‡g nZ¨vKvÛ NUv‡j wbnZ e¨w³i m¤úwË n‡Z †m ewÂZ
n‡e|
6. cvcvm³ e¨w³ ewÂZ n‡e, Z‡e cÖvqwð‡Z¨i ci m¤úwË cv‡e|
7. ‡Kvb wn›`y mbœvmx n‡j Zv‡K g„Z MY¨ Kiv nq Ges wZwb m¤úwË cvb bv|
wn›`y `vqfvM AvBb g‡Z DËivwaKvixM‡Yi ZvwjKvt
- 11. 1. cyÎ
2. ‡cŠÎ ev bvwZ
3. cÖ‡cŠÎ ev bvwZi cyÎ
4. g„Z e¨w³i weaev ¯¿x
5. g„‡Zi g„Zz¨i c~‡e© g„Z cy‡Îi weaev ¯¿x
6. g„‡Zi c~‡e© g„Z cy‡Îi c~‡e© g„Z cy‡Îi
weaev ¯¿x
7. Kb¨v
8. Kb¨vi cyÎ ev †`ŠwnÎ ev bvwZ
9. wcZv
10. gvZv
11. åvZv (m‡nv`i Av‡MGes ˆegv‡Îq c‡i)
12. åvZz¯úyÎ (m‡nv`i Av‡MGes ˆegv‡Îq
c‡i)
13. åvZz¯úy‡Îi cyÎ (m‡nv`i Av‡MGes
ˆegv‡Îq c‡i)
14. fvwM‡bq A_©vr fwMœi cyÎ
15. wcZvgn A_©vr wcZvi wcZv
16. wcZvgnx A_©vr wcZvi gvZv
17. wcZ…e¨ (Lyov/†RVv) A_©vr wcZvi
fvB|
18. Lyov -†RVvÕi cyÎ
19. Lyov -†RVvÕi cy‡Îi cyÎ
20. wcZvi fwMœi (wcwm) cyÎ A_©vr
wcmZzZ åvZv
21. cÖwcZvgn A_©vr `vZvi wcZv
22. cÖwcZvgnx A_©vr `v`vi gvZv
23. evevi Lyov-‡RVv
24. Zv‡`i cyÎ
25. Zv‡`i cy‡Îi cyÎ
26. wcZvg‡ni fwMœi cyÎ A_©vr `v`vi †ev‡bi
†Q‡j
27. cy‡Îi Kb¨vi cyÎ
28. åvZvi Kb¨vi cyÎ
29. åvZvi cy‡Îi Kb¨v
30. Lyov-‡RVvi Kb¨vi cyÎ
31. Lyov-‡RVvi cy‡Îi Kb¨vi cyÎ
32. Lyov-‡RVvi Lyovi-‡RVvi Kb¨vi
cyÎ
33. gvZvgn ev bvbv
34. gvgv
35. gvgvi cyÎ
36. gvgvi cy‡Îi cyÎ ev gvgvi bvwZ
37. gvmZzZ åvZv ev Lvjvi cyÎ
38. cÖgvZvgn A_©vr bvbvi wcZv
39. cÖgvZvg‡ni A_©vr bvbvi wcZvi
cyÎ (bvbvi fvB)
40. cÖgvZvg‡ni A_©vr bvbvi wcZvi
bvwZ (bvbvi fvB‡qi †Q‡j)
41. cÖgvZvg‡ni A_©vr bvbvi wcZvi
bvwZi cyÎ (bvbvi fvB‡qi bvwZ)
42. cÖgvZvg‡ni Kb¨vi cyÎ A_©vr bvbvi
†ev‡bi †Q‡j
43. cÖgvZvg‡ni wcZv A_©vr bvbvi
wcZvi wcZv
44. Zvi cyÎ
45. Zvi bvwZ
46. Zvi bvwZi cyÎ
47. Zvi cy‡Îi Kb¨v
48. gvZvg‡ni cy‡Îi Kb¨vi cyÎ A_©vr
gvZvi wcZvi cy‡Îi Kb¨vi cyÎ
(gvgv‡Zv †ev‡bi †Q‡j)
49. Zvi †cŠ‡Îi Kb¨vi cyÎ A_©vr Zvi
cy‡Îi cy‡Îi Kb¨vi cyÎ (gvgv‡Zv
†ev‡bi bvwZ)
50. cÖgvZvg‡ni cy‡Îi Kb¨vi cyÎ A_©vr
gvZvi wcZvi wcZvi cy‡Îi Kb¨v
51. Zvi †cŠ‡Îi Kb¨vi cyÎ A_©vr Zvi
cy‡Îi cy‡Îi Kb¨vi cyÎ
52. cÖ-cÖgvZvg‡ni cy‡Îi Kb¨vi cyÎ
A_©vr gvZvi wcZvi wcZvi cy‡Îi
Kb¨vi cyÎ
53. Zvi †cŠ‡Îi Kb¨vi cyÎ A_©vr Zvi
cy‡Îi cy‡Îi Kb¨vi cyÎ
- 12. wn›`y AvB‡bi `vqfv‡Mi mvaviY wbqgvejx t
1. ‡Kvb wn›`y e¨w³ hLb gviv hvb wVK †mB gyûZ© †_‡KB Zvi wbKUeZ©x
DËivwaKviMY m¤úwË cÖvß nb| c‡i †Kvb DËivwaKvix Rb¥MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i †mRb¨
m¤úwËi DËivwaKvixZ¡ ¯’wMZ ivLv hv‡e bv|
2. wn›`y `vqfvM AvB‡b wcZvi g„Zy¨i ci cyÎMY Z¨vR¨we‡Ë DËivwaKvi wn‡m‡e ¯^Z¡ jvf
K‡i| cyÎ GKvwaK n‡j Zviv mK‡j wg‡j wcZvi m¤úwˇZ DËivwaKvi cvq| †h cyÎ g„Z Zvi
cyÎ A_©vr †cŠÎ DËivwaKvi cvq|cyÎ RxweZ _vK‡j ‡cŠÎ DËivwaKvi cvq bv|
3. `vqfvM g‡Z wcZvi g„Zy¨i ci cyÎMY KZ©„K MwVZ †hŠ_ cwiev‡i Zv‡`i wbR wbR
mywbw`©ó Ask weµq, eÜK ev Ab¨ †h †Kvbfv‡e n¯ÍvšÍi Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
4. g„‡Zi weaev †hfv‡e m¤úwË cvq g„‡Zi g„‡Zi cy‡Îi weaev ev Zvi †cŠ‡Îi weaev ev
cÖ‡cŠ‡Îi weaev GKBfv‡e m¤úwË cvq|
5. `vqfvM Abymv‡i g„Z e¨w³i ¯¿x Ges cyÎ mšÍvb _vK‡j ¯¿x 1 cy‡Îi mgvb Ask cv‡e|
GKvwaK ¯¿x _vK‡j ¯¿xi Ask Zyj¨vs‡k e›Ub n‡e| cyÎ, †cŠÎ, cÖ‡cŠÎ †KD bv _vK‡j g„Z
¯^vgxi mg¯Í m¤úwË Zvi weaev Rxeb ¯^‡Z¡ cvq|
6. ¯^vgxi g„Zz¨i ci ¯¿x Rxeb ¯^Z¡ †fvM K‡ib| ˆea cÖ‡qvR‡b weaevi m¤úwË n¯ÍvšÍi Ki‡Z
cv‡i| Zvi g„Zy¨i ci m¤úwË cy·`i g‡a¨ e›Ub K‡i †`qv n‡e|
7. cyÎ, †cŠÎ, cÖ‡cŠÎ, weaev, g„Z cy‡Îi weaev Ges g„Z cÖ‡cŠ‡Îi weaev GB Qq Rb
me©v‡MÖ m¤úwË cv‡e| Giv RxweZ _vK‡j Avi †KD g„Z e¨w³i m¤úwˇZ fvM cv‡e bv|
8. Dc‡ii QqR‡bi †KD RxweZ bv _vK‡j Kb¨v wcZvi m¤úwË cvq| cÖ_‡g cv‡e AweevwnZ/
Kzgvix Kb¨v| Kb¨v AweevwnZ _vK‡j, †m GKvB wcZ…Z¨³ mKj m¤úwË mgy`qfv‡e cvq|
GiKg †KD bv _vK‡j cvq cyÎeZx Kb¨v| cyÎeZx Kb¨v bv _vK‡j eÜv, cyÎnxbv Ges
mšÍvbnxbv weaev Kb¨v m¤úwË cv‡e|
9. Dc‡iv³ †Kvb ai‡bi Kb¨v bv _vK‡j wcZ…e¨ cyÎ A_©vr PvPvi †Q‡jiv m¤úwË cv‡e|
10.Mf©RvZ †`ŠwnÎMY bvbvi g„Zy¨i ci g„‡Zi wcZv Ges Ab¨vb¨ AvZ¥xq RxweZ _vKv
¯^‡Z¡I bvbvi Z¨vR¨ m¤úwˇZ mivmwi mgAs‡k DËivwaKvix n‡e| Zv‡`i cy·`i cÖvc¨Zv
gvZv‡`i cÖvc¨Zvi mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³ bq| bvbvi Z¨vR¨ m¤úwË mKj †`Šwn‡Îi g‡a¨ mgvb
As‡k e›Ub K‡i †`Iqvi weavb‡K gv_vwcQz DËivwaKvi AvBb e‡j| ‰`Šwn‡Îi cyÎ
DËivwaKvi cvq bv Kvib †m wcÛ †`evi AwaKvix bq|
11.¯¿xab ej‡Z bvixi e¨w³MZ m¤úwˇK eySvq| †h m¤úwËi Dci bvixi PzovšÍ AwaKvi Av‡Q
Ges hvi Dci ¯^vgx ev Ab¨ Kv‡iv †Kvb KZ©„Z¡ †bB Zv‡K ¯¿xab e‡j| ¯¿xab gvwjK
KZ©„K n¯ÍvšÍi‡hvM¨|
12.g„‡Zi wcZv RxweZ _vK‡Z gvZv DËivwaKvi cvq bv| gvZv AmZx n‡j †m DËivwaKvi
cvq bv| Z‡e, wØZxq wevevn Ki‡j DËivwaKvi nvivq bv| wegvZvi †Kvb DËivwaKvi †bB|
13.mwc‡Ûi ZvwjKvbyhvqx Dc‡ii DËivwaKvix cvIqv‡M‡j bx‡Pi †KD DËivwaKvix n‡e bv|
14.`vqfvM g‡Z †evb mwcÛ bq| †h 5 Rb gwnjv DËivwaKvix‡Z¡i `vex`vi Zvi g‡a¨ †ev‡bi
bvg †bB| myZivs †evb m¤úwË cv‡e bv|
15. g„Z e¨w³i m¤úwË e›U‡bi mgq Zvi Askx`vi‡`i g‡a¨ hw` †Kvb Askx`vi gviv hvq Zvi
DËivwaKviMY Iqvwik n‡e|
16. †h †h Kvi‡b GKRb cyiæl DËivwaKvi n‡Z ewÂZ nq, wVK ‡m mKj Kvi‡YB GKRb bvixI
DËivwaKvi n‡Z ewÂZ nq|
17. wn›`y AvB‡bi weavb Abymv‡i A‡b¨i cy·K wbR cyÎ wnmv‡e MÖnY Kiv‡K `ËK e‡j|
wcÛ`vbKvix cyÎ, †cŠÎ, cÖ‡cŠÎ bv _vK‡j ag©xq Kvi‡Y wcÛ`v‡bi Rb¨ A_ev mvgvwRK
Kvi‡Y wbR eskaiv Ae¨vnZ ivLvi D‡Ï‡k¨ `ËK MÖnY Kiv nq| `ËwK cy‡Îi eqm 9 eQ‡ii
- 13. D‡aŸ© n‡e bv| †KejgvÎ mšÍv‡bi wcZvgvZvB `ËK wb‡Z cv‡ib| `ËKcyÎ evwZj Kiv hvq
bv| `ËK cyÎ ¯^vfvweK cy‡Îi 1/3 Ask gvwjK nq| ï`ª‡`i ‡ÿ‡Î `ËK ev cvwjZ cyÎ ¯^vfvweK
cy‡Îi mgvb Ask cvq|
18. A‰ea cyÎ ˆea cy‡Îi Aa©vsk m¤úwË cvq| ï`ª‡`i Ji‡m `vmxcyÎ wcZvi B”Qvbyhvqx m¤úwË cvq|
`vmx Kb¨v m¤úwË cvq bv|
19.wn›`y AvB‡b DËivwaKv‡ii m¤¢vebv Kv‡qgx ¯^Z¡vwaKvi wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ nq bv
weavq m¤¢ve¨ DËivwaKvi Zvi DËivwaKvi ¯^Z¡ n¯ÍvšÍi Ki‡Z cv‡i bv, Ki‡j A‰ea n‡e|
fvB Gi m¤úwË fvB cv‡e Ggb †Kvb wbðqZv †bB, †Kbbv cÖvwßi c~‡e©I †m gviv †h‡Z
cv‡i| c~‡e©i g„Zy¨i Kvi‡Y gvwj‡Ki Z¨vR¨ m¤úwË Zvi RxweZ LyovI (PvPv) †c‡Z cv‡i|
m¤úwË cvIqvi GB m¤¢vebv‡K wn›`y AvB‡b m¤¢ve¨ DËivwaKvi ejv nq|
