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V2 history sources and archaeology primary & secondary sources
- 2. The work ‘history’comes from the ancient Greek word historia, which means ‘investigation’. Understanding that history is an ongoing investigation (or inquiry) is the key to this subject. History is about thinking, understanding and developing research and other skills that are useful in life. History is investigation
- 3. Historians use allthe tools of science, maths, literature, economics, geography and more to help solve the riddles of the past. In this way historians are like time detectives.
- 4. Historians use aninquiry approach when they investigate controversies and mysteries of the ancient past. They: • Conduct research to gather evidence from a range of sources • Evaluate the usefulness of the sources and analyse the evidence they gather from them In many cases, when investigating the ancient past, some of the evidence is missing. For this reason, historians need to piece together the past from various types of sources – kind of like putting together a giant jigsaw puzzle that is missing some of its pieces. History is investigation
- 5. Types of Sourcesor Evidence Sources Artefacts such as human remains, pottery, weapons, tools, coins and art Writing including inscriptions carved in stone, and writing on walls, papyrus, clay, wood and paper Oral histories past down from generations or recorded in paintings, dances and ceremonies Images (photographs and film from recent history
- 7.
- 8. Types of Artefacts Art Archaeologiststhink early rock art may have been a ‘magical’ ritual to ensure success in an important activity, such as a hunt
- 9.
- 10. Types of ArtefactSources
- 11. Types of WritingSources
- 12. Types of OralSources North American Indians oral traditions
- 13. Types of ImageSources
- 15. Archaeology Archaeology is thestudy of the remains of the past. Archaeologists locate and uncover sources of evidence of past peoples. This can include: • skeletal remains • the ruins of buildings and tombs • artefacts they made such as pottery, weapons, tools and coins • Inscriptions and stone carvings • Rubbish dumps (middens)
- 16. Some archaeologists evenwork underwater to find sources on the sea bed such as ancient shipwrecks
- 17. Excavating Archaeological sites Mostsources found on land are buried. They might be covered by soil from floods or by sand blown by the wind or overgrown by dense jungle. Some lie beneath other buildings built over time on the site. Archaeologists work to locate and excavate artefacts and other sources of evidence.
- 18. Once archaeologists havelocated an historical site they thing may provide important artefacts and information about the past, it is roped off from the public. These sites are referred to as archaeological digs.
- 19. When excavating anarchaeological dig great care is taken to remove the overlying rocks and dirt, sometimes even using teaspoons and small brushes. Once an artefact is fully exposed and excavated, the archaeologist photographs and numbers it and records details of its description and the exact location where it was found. Oinochoe Wine jug ShabtiCalyx Krater Terracotta Army
- 20. Primary & SecondarySources *Primary Sources are the most reliable *
- 21. • Inscriptions (Writingcarved in stone)
- 22. Ancient Greek lawinscribed in stone War Diary