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Von thunen model
Von Thunen published his theory of agricultural land use patterns in 1826 in his book "The Isolated State". The theory was based on an isolated region with homogeneous climate and soil quality where the only mode of transportation was by foot. It proposed that there would be concentric zones of land use radiating from the city center based on transport costs and product perishability. Dairy farming would be in the innermost zone due to high transport costs of perishable products, followed by zones for forestry, vegetables, and grazing further from the city. The bid rent curve showed the relationship between economic rent and distance from the market. While pioneering, the theory was based on unrealistic assumptions and had limitations in applying to contemporary systems
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Von thunen model
- 2. INTRODUCTION The best analyticalagricultural land use theory in 19th century was given by JH Von Thunen.He attempt to explain agricultural land use pattern in economics perspectives. His “ Der Isoliette Staat” or The Isolated State published in 1826.it is an example of normative model. But the book was not translated until 1966.The theory was based on the Mecklenburg in Germany. The main aim was to show how land uses varied from one place to other. He published two model Relationship between market and production cost Intensity of production
- 3. ASSUMPTION The von thunentheory was based on some assumption It is an isolated place No rivers and No mountain are there The climate and surroundings region are homogeneous type The soil quality is favorable to agriculture Farmers are focused only in profit maximization There is only one mode of transportation
- 6. A bit rentcurve shows the relationship between economic rent and distance from the market for one or several products. This basis for rings production around the market can be determined by comparing the bid rent curve foe two products. The bid rent curve is the line showing the economic return at varying distance from the market.
- 7. According to vonthunen ,there are four zones I. Dairy farming II. Forest and wood III. Vegetables IV. Grazing land According to von thunen model, perishable things in high demand with high transport cost get located close to the city. The items could compete on high priced land near centre because of high market price. Less perishable things with lower transport cost and lower market prices get located away from the market
- 8. MERITS: 1. It wasone of the earliest pioneering concept to explain agricultural land use patterns in economics terms. 2. It helped put geography on sound scientific footing 3. He pointed out that locational importance. 4. It is applicable to local or global scales.
- 9. DEMERITS 1. His theorywas modified of the concept of locational rent which was similar to economics rent concept of David Ricardo 2. His assumption was not universally true 3. His theory was irrelevant to the contemporary world. 4. he didn’t give full concept