Wastelands

Wastelands

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  WASTELANDS LAND DEGRADATION
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  WASTELAND ▪ Land wherenothing can grow or be built : land that is not usable ▪ An ugly and often ruined place or area ▪ Something that is being compared to a large, empty area of land because it has no real value or interest ▪ Whose top soil has been nearly completely lost.
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  LAND DEGRADATION ▪ Landdegradation is a process in which the value of the biophysical environment is affected by a combination of human-induced processes acting upon the land. ▪ It is viewed as any change or disturbance to the land perceived to be deleterious or undesirable. ▪ Natural hazards are excluded as a cause; however human activities can indirectly affect phenomena such as floods and bush fires.
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  Areas of Concernfor Soil Degradation
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  Causes of LandDegradation ▪ Deforestation: Increasing demands of timber, fuel and forest products which results into degradation of land resources. ▪ Overgrazing: It results into reduced growth of vegetation, reduced diversity of plant species, excessive growth of unwanted plant species, soil erosion. ▪ Agricultural practices: The modern agricultural practices has adversely degraded the natural. ▪ Industrialization: It leads to excessive deforestation in such as way that it has lost its natural up gradation quality. ▪ Urbanization: It is also one of the reasons for land degradation.
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  Causes of LandDegradation
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  Prevention of LandDegradation ▪ Strip farming: Crops are sown in alternative strips to prevent water movement. ▪ Crop Rotation: Following a rotation system which helps in replenishment of the soil. ▪ Ridge and Furrow Formation: Formation of ridge and furrow during irrigation which lessens run off. ▪ Construction of Dams: This usually checks or reduces the velocity of run off. ▪ Contour Farming: Useful in collecting and diverting the run off to avoid erosion. CONTOUR FARMING STRIP FARMING RIDGE AND FURROW
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  CASE STUDY : BASALTQUARRY, TIMBA, GUJARAT
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  BASALT QUARRY, TIMBA,GUJARAT ▪ Timba is located about 110 km south east of Ahmedabad. Here the geological track forms the part of Pavagdh basalt deposits and has been in the past several decades. ▪ A Completely barren basalt quarry up to depth of 15 to 20m was done on the site. The exhausted quarry tract is spread over an area of forty one hectares. ▪ The quarry operation has disturbed the natural ecological environment and created large barren and degraded land. ▪ The vegetation was in poor condition because of the poor soil strata. Introduction
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  Restoration Method ▪ Therestoration landscape design is done by Prabhakhar P Bhagwat Associate. ▪ Landscape architects decided to convert the old quarry into nature woodland. In the initial stage suggestions from others consisted of planting the entire land with monoculture of Eucalyptus & Leucaena Leucocephala. ▪ In the beginning detailed study of Basalt quarry was carried out. This included the analysis of the natural and manmade factors affecting the ecosystem of quarry. Technical issues such as the effect of microclimate, topography, soil characteristics, hydrology & the pattern of flora and fauna were considered.
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  ▪ After adetail study of existing vegetable pattern, ecological seral stages, plant mix was identified that would be sustained in the absence of any biotic interferences. ▪ The only existing vegetation was at the site was marginal scrub formation with a extremely sparse distribution of Neem trees. ▪ The first step in the processes was to enable humus formation to make the soil rich in order to sustain further vegetation cover. ▪ In order to encourage this growth, weeds from nearby areas were developed on the site. With the first shower much of the desired effect was achieved and by second year and entire area was covered with a carpet of vegetation.
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  ▪ At thesame time a list of trees was made and seedlings raised in the nursery at the site and these trees were planted in the shallow pits. ▪ Soil working and mulching was done to encourage growth of plants. By the third the growth was established and more or less self sustainable. ▪ Other plants grasses and shrubs, not originally planted made their appearance in the third and fourth year. ▪ By the eight year the process was entire complete and was self sufficient in all respects. Several of the trees had flowered and seeded. ▪ Harnessing water resources within the quarry was also a critical area of work. The lake formed by rain water was stoked with popular varieties of fish.
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  6. THE FOREST BASALTQUARRY, TIMBA, GUJARAT 2. OVERBURDEN 3. SOIL OVERLOAD 4. GROUND COVER 5. PLANTING 1. LAND
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  THANK YOU 03. ABHISHEKAGRAWAL 13. MANAS CHORDIYA 19. RAJDEEP DESHPANDE 30. YASH JAIN