Web Application Vulnerabilities

Web Application Vulnerabilities
3. Introduction to Web Application and it Security As we know, the growth of the internet was in the
rapid paces; a lot of high bandwidth internet services had been provided and introduced into the
world market. The web is changing fast from a one–way medium for 'brochure–ware' to a highly
interactive and increasingly mission–critical platform. With this rapid evolution in web technology,
web–based application now been considered as a part of the E–business world and been widely
implemented.
Mean while, the changes or development in web technology also bringing with new species of
parasite, such as spyware, adware, key–loggers, blog–spam, and IM viruses. In other word, the
possibility of a web–based system been hacked had ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Normally we called all these authenticated clients as principals
Authorization – in this element, we are concern about what can you do? In this process, it controls
all the system resources and allocates them to the right places. In other word, all clients who want to
make use of the system resources have to be going through this process. This process will first
determine does the client have the right to use the requested resource or not. Let get a few example
of resources, files, databases (included different tables, rows or columns) and so. Other than, there
are also operations resources such as performing transaction on one account to another, purchasing,
and also shipping transaction. Confidentiality – this process also known as privacy process. It is a
process of making sure all the data is secure and encrypted while the data is on moving over the
entire system network. With this process, the data may remain the state of private and confidential, it
is also avoid unauthorized user (which include the network administrator whose task are monitoring
the network traffic) from getting the data. Auditing – this process is to make sure the system is ahead
to non–repudiation. It means user cannot simply deny performing some operation or initiating a
transaction. In another words,
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Web Application Of Web Applications
WEB APPLICATION SECURITY
Table of Contents
Introduction to Web Application............................................................................04
Web Application Attacks....................................................................................04
Common Application Attacks..............................................................................05
Injection Vulnerability.......................................................................................06
Cross–Site Scripting..........................................................................................07
Broken Authentication and Session Management.......................................................07
Conclusion....................................................................................................08
List of Tables and Figures
Web Application Exposed Structure.......................................................................05
Example of SQL injection..................................................................................06 WEB
APPLICATION SECURITY Introduction to Web Application
Web Application is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Web Application Attacks
Now a day, data sharing over web based application has greatly increased which is technically good.
Also application attacks were increased which is very risky as the issue related to confidentiality,
integrity, availability which results in data theft.
According to John Desmond, there are many dangerous application attacks which provides the
access for end user to view system resources and private information's by breaking the network
firewalls (John Desmond, 2004).
In this paper, I would like discuss the few top vulnerabilities to web application as per the recent
survey of Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP). Here the goal is to learn and discuss
some of the top vulnerabilities effect and how to prevent those attack.
Application development is done more and more on the web. We are using web browser for
accessing the application, here it uses Hyper Text Transfer Protocol(HTTP) to communicate with the
network. As application layer is the top layer in OSI it is easily accessible from outside world and
which may sometimes result in data theft or loss.
Fig.1: Web Application Exposed Structure (Source: Security Intelligence, Paul–2015)
Common Application Attacks
Goal of this research paper is to educate and informing about the common and top vulnerabilities to

the web application by referring the latest survey of Open Web Application Security Project
(OWASP) on

Benefits Of Web Application Development
Web application is gradually making way into businesses owing to its multi–functionality and client
centric benefits. A web application is a mix of two script namely client side like HTML and
JavaScript and the server side like PHP. The former script is responsible for presenting data while
the latter is utilized for date retention.
A web apps project involves primarily 4 phases of project analysis, planning, development and
formalization. All 4 phases work in tandem with each other to build an all–inclusive, usable
application for the user. Though, it may be sometimes too tough for users to switch between two
web applications nevertheless, this does not wear down its vitality.
For Single–Page Web Application Development
Select the best ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Opa is good for users too, as they do not have to sue a plug–in to use Opa applications. It offers a
rather compact and quick platform for web application development.
Browser Compatibility
It is imperative to test run web applications for cross browser compatibility, firstly on Firefox, as it
offers an easy to debug and issue resolving option. Other considerations while designing a web
application for browsers are:
Use div instead of tables as they offer the same functionality and can be easily spot by browsers
Use Internet Explorer 6 to showcase images that are transparent
Use JavaScript scroller to read marquee HTML tag on Internet Explorer
Define the exact image dimensions for testing images in Firefox
Use HTML embed tag to include background sound and change its attributes for repetition effect
Reset CSS to avoid inconsistent effects of the web page across browsers
Use commonly used fonts which can be found on every user's computer
Use relative positioning of elements so they look consistent on all browsers
Interface Development
A good web application is the one that offers a smooth interface experience for its users. There are
ways to create smart, intuitive and visually appealing interfaces, these are:
Select the most common functions of your application and cut down the rest. This can be
accomplished via pop–up menus or controls on the screen
Choose the right

Java And Python : Application Of A Web Application
For our initial design we had to decide what programming language to stop ourselves on. The ones
proposed in the project description were Java and Python, but we were free to make our own choice,
based on what we found to be more adequate for our task. After careful investigation, we discovered
that Python has better support for machine learning libraries than other programming languages we
considered. Therefore, we decided to use it, and since we wanted to create a web application, we
opted for Django framework. This allowed us to implement a restful API to deal with manipulating
the dataset. To make the frontend more user friendly and interactive, we used JavaScript,
particularly AngularJS.
4.3 Implementation details
Due to the linear ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At this the association rule mining pipeline step was operable therefore we could move onto
measures of interestingness. There are varying measures of interestingness and different libraries
implemented them in different ways. PyFim already had lift in it and was able to prune the results
based on a specified conviction threshold, but did not return the conviction value for the rules.
SPMF also allowed lift calculations. Cosine and correlation were not implemented in either. Due to
these implementation details neither was suitable for our purposes, wanting to use the measures as a
separate step in the pipeline.
Our aim was to find a single library that implemented all these measures that we could plug in,
ideally with only some data conversion required. We managed to find an R library called Arules.
Unfortunately, at this point we noticed that there were subtle, but important differences between the
formulas that were used to calculate the measures of interest in the library and the ones presented in
the papers. Some expected probabilities (relative supports), some expected percentages (relative
supports) and some expected counts (absolute supports), without being all to clear about which
expected which.
These differences and not unclear specifications together with the language incompatibility caused
us to discard the library and instead opt for our own implementation. We have determined that the
implementation of these measures by us would

Reliable Computation And Fault Tolerance Web Application...
Reliable Computation and Fault Tolerance Web Application Design on Amazon EC2 Keshav
Khandelwal and Pravesh Shah Department of Computer Science, California State University Long
Beach, USA Group number 11 Abstract– As Cloud Computing is considered as the most influential
technology in IT world which provides many facilities and increases the capability of our system
without any extra hardware installment. So this paper focuses on the fault tolerance of web
application by one of the major cloud service provider Amazon. We will provide the ways on the
process adopted by Amazon and how we can improve the existing techniques of fault tolerance. We
provide the detail infrastructure of the Amazon Web application design. Also the important part
covered in this paper is the computation done in cloud computing. As it is required that the
computation should be in complete secure way and also doesn't get infected by malicious and faulty
cloud. So we define the ways to employ the method and how to distribute the data to different
clouds. We will demonstrate this using the calculation of matrix multiplication. I INTRODUCTION
As today, IT world is heavily based on cloud computing and most of the companies had earned
billions through this technology like Google, Salesforce and Amazon. As Amazon is considered the
top E–commerce company of the world so customers expect 24*7 services from them. Even the
server drop of single minute

What Operating System Does Your Computer Use?
Trident University International
ITM 301
Module 1 Case
Data, Information, and Organizational Knowledge
Jeffery Hairston
PART I
What operating system does your computer use?
The operating system that my computer uses is called Windows 10. This is one of the newer
operating systems available to Windows users, and it contains a lot of features that are designed to
make the computer more user–friendly, while adding a modern element. This operating system was
designed to mirror the newer devices like iPads and tablets, and it allowed a lot of apps to be added
to the PCs that it's installed on.
What are some examples of applications residing in your personal computer?
I really don't have a lot of extra applications installed on my computer. The laptop that I use for
school was mainly purchased for education purposes, so I try not to put too much "junk" on it. I
have the Microsoft Office Suite, which contains a few different programs that I use to complete my
assignments. The most common of these programs is Word, which I use frequently. I also have a
music program called Spotify that allows me to find music, organize it into playlists, and either
stream it or download it for later use. Other than a couple of games and the two internet browsers I
use to access my classes, I don't really use any other programs on this PC.
Do you use any apps or websites now that you think are cloud–based?
I definitely use cloud–based websites during my daily activities, both at work

Application And Web Application For Nutritionists And...
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction:
Android application and web application for nutritionists and dietitians is a project designed and
developed in a way that all the dietitians and nutritionists can use this application at their work as
they do it on a regular day to day basis because the design of the application is in such a way that we
have digitalized or changed their regular work flow process in to this application and this
application is not only supposed for the registered dietitians or nutritionists but can also be used by
the intern students who are taking the dietitians course.
1.2 Motivation:
The main motivation for the project comes from a lack of usage of mobile technology in the field of
dietetics and nutrition. The dietitians have a hard time in calculating the energy, fluid and protein
needs for their patients, all the dietitians use a book called "Pocket Resource for Nutrition
Assessment" which is published by Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Dietitians use this pocket
resource for doing all the energy, fluid and protein calculations for their patients by hand and also
dietitians need to memorize all the formulas for the corresponding calculations to do it by hand. So
after a thorough research and a few meetings with Dr. Elaine Molaison, a Registered Dietitian and
professor in Department of Nutrition and Food Systems, The University of Southern Mississippi,
and some other professors and dietitians, we came up with an idea of creating a mobile

The Threats Of Open Web Application Security
Many businesses are using an online web application, which is causing the threats it includes
viruses, malware, and worms on the computer equipment. There are many web server application
threats and vulnerabilities it can be harmful to the web application. The growth is increasing of
attacks and web vulnerabilities, which cause the web losses application. To protect the application is
one of the most essential aspects of an organization and business. Many organizations wrote the
description about the web application vulnerabilities and they were analyzing the data that has been
lost in the incidents. For instance, open web application security project (OWASP), national
vulnerability database (NVD), whiteHat security, web application ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
From 2004 to 2010 each year the OWASP risk number position changes by looking at the table
below it prove that threat data has been changed and few remained same During the year 2012,
National Vulnerability Database (NVD) stated 50056 vulnerabilities (Steinke, G., Tundrea, E., &
Kelly, K., 2011). Moreover, (NVD) report derived more data about three common threats that
Cross–Site Scripting data are kept increasing and still in the top list, SQL injection still remains high
and Cross–Site Request Forgery attack decreases the presence in 2009(Steinke, G., Tundrea, E., &
Kelly, K., 2011).
The data whiteHat website security organization came up it is slightly different by comparing other
two organizations their percentage went down for SQL from 20% to 14% in 2011(Steinke, G.,
Tundrea, E., & Kelly, K., 2011). For the cross–site scripting it didn't change the range of the number
still remain high and the Cross–Site Request Forgery increase in 2009 from 11% it went up to 24%
in 2011(Steinke, G., Tundrea, E., & Kelly, K., 2011).
The report indicated the web application has serious vulnerabilities and various vulnerabilities
affecting the major impact on the business and organizations. The main task is protecting the
application from threats they need to implement better security for managing and securing the web
application.

Web Applications : The Cyber Security Risks That Exploit...
Over the past decade, web development has been a growing industry especially by businesses
actively selling their products and services to online customers. In tandem with the growing
popularity of web applications are the cyber security risks that exploit the vulnerabilities that lies
with it. These web applications must be available 24/7 to provide the required service to customers,
employees and other stakeholders. Most web applications like canvazify.com cannot be protected by
firewalls and SSL as the access needs to be publically available and this makes it easy for attackers
to directly access the database effectively bypassing the security mechanisms by the operating
system thereby constituting a major vulnerability. Like many web ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The potential technical risks that Canvazify.com faces as per OWASP's (Open Web Application
Security Project) list of top threats that can lead to service disruptions or data theft are as discussed
below:
Denial of Service Attacks: Denial of service attacks are very common on the internet. These are
attacks that deny authorized access to a system, network, web application or information.
Injection Attacks: The attackers are able to relay malicious code through the web application to
systems such as back end databases or operating system by identifying injection flaws in the web
application.
Cross–Site Scripting: These attacks are a type of injection issue that is a result of malicious scripts
being injected into legitimate web applications. These attacks can lead to the user of the web
application being fooled into providing their data to the attacker.
Insecure Direct Object Reference: As no secure coding practices were followed by the web
application developers at Canvazify.com , the likelihood of the developer having exposed a
reference to an internal implementation object , like a file or directory, as a URL or form parameter
is high. These object references can be manipulated directly by the attacker to access other objects
without authorization.
Broken authentication and session management: It is often seen that application functions related

Developing Web Applications
Developing Web applications
There are some fundamental differences when designing and implementing an application which
will run on the web compared to classical desktop applications. In typical web applications the
actual work is done remotely on a web–server or the cloud where the user is presented with a user
interface built in HTML. Through the use of GET/POST requests or AJAX communication is
handled from the client to the server. This communication layer with the back–end is arguably
where most differences between desktop and web applications lie because of its inherent
asynchronous nature. At the server side a programmer has virtually unlimited options in which he
implements the web application back end. However at the client side the web application has to be
presented in a web browser. Currently this means the implementation is bound to only use flavours
of (X)HTML, CSS and JavaScript. Even though many Web applications have been created by
software developers, there currently are few web applications which provide the necessary tools to
actually create applications with. The small amount of tools which do exist, such as CoRED (J.
Lautam¨aki, A. Nieminen, J. Koskinen, T. Aho, T. Mikkonen, M. Englund, 2012) and Cloud9 1, are
fundamentally limited in the sense that they only support a select set of languages. Even though
Cloud9 supports language plug–ins, these plug–ins still have to be implemented specifically for that
platform (in JavaScript) and are mainly

Types of Web Application Flaws
Some types of web application flaws are mostly caused by an attack, a threat or a weakness.
To present these security vulnerabilities, I have taken into consideration the results from OWASP
(Open Web Application Security Project) organization, which is focused on improving the security
of software. According to OWASP, top 10 most dangerous web vulnerabilities are listed below.
Injection Flaws
Injection flaws, such as SQL, OS, and LDAP injection, allow attackers to relay malicious code
through Web applications to another system, such as backend databases. This injection flaws, occur
when untrusted data is sent to an interpreter as part of a command or query with the purpose to
access unauthorized data. This type of vulnerability can be very dangerous and can potentially lead
to all types of application attacks. To compensate this, organizations can use commercial WAFs
(Web application firewalls), to identify when an injection flaw is successful by identifying
information leakages. Other caution that enterprises should take is implementing access controls in
database and the use of parameterized queries in which application API is used to set SQL
parameters.
Broken Authentication Session Management
Authentication and session management deals with user authentication and management of active
sessions. Application functions related to authentication and session management are often not
implemented correctly, allowing attackers to compromise passwords, keys, session

The Web Application Requires Security
The web application requires security in order to protect customer data, as part of the application
requires the customer to input their name and phone number. Also in order to prohibit unauthorised
access and it prevents service interruptions, so Training4U can always provide a good service.
Securing the application ensures that only administrators can access the admin pages, and instructors
and customers can access their pages through the internet. In order to do this for the administrators a
login form would be created for the admin page so that they are the only people who can access
them. Also the customer's data needs to be protected both while it is being transmitted to the server
using secure socket layers and to secure the web app which therefore protects customer data, a
security realm has to be set up in the application server.
to prevent unauthorized access that implement a login form for the admin page and only
administrators can access this page then.protects customer's data as the instructor and customer
pages do not include information about customers or instructors. The procedure for this is the
administrator sends a request to the server to access an authorized resource, which then the server
then notices and this sends the login page to the administrator. Using the provided form the
administrator inputs username and password if this is registered then they are authorized to view the
protected resource.
would be to implement secure socket

Sql Injection Is A Web Application Security Vulnerability
Background of SQL Injection
SQL Injection is a web application security vulnerability that an attacker can submit a database SQL
command which is executed by web applications in order to expose the back–end database. SQL
injection have been described as one of the most critical threats for Web applications as they are
vulnerable to allow an attacker to gain complete access to the underlying database as well as
organizations being breached by SQL injection attacks that slip through the firewall over ports such
as port 80 (HTTP) or 443 (SSL) to internal networks and vulnerable databases. These databases
often contain sensitive user information which can result in security violations such as loss of
confidential information, identify theft ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
SQL Injection Process
The SQL Injection attack works as the attacker adds SQL statements using a web application's input
fields and hidden parameters in order to access the resources. The lack of input validation in web
applications which causes the hacker to successfully expose the database. The figure below shows
processes of SQL Injection. First, the attacker sends malicious HTTP request to the web application,
and creates the SQL statement which is then submitted to the back–end of database.
Cause of SQL Injection
The causes of SQL Injection vulnerabilities are rather well understood and simple, such as
invalidated input. It is the most common vulnerability to perform a SQL Injection attack because
some parameters in web applications are used in SQL queries, so if there is no one checking for
them, it can be abused in SQL Injection. In this case, the attackers are able to inject SQL commands
by providing suitable crafted user inputs. Besides that, web applications can also read user inputs in
a way that it is based on the environment which the application is deployed. Most SQL Injection
attacks that targets the user input usually comes from form submissions which are sent by HTTP
POST or GET requests to the web application. Another injection mechanism which can lead to the
cause of SQL Injection is through cookies. Cookies are small pieces of data that sent from

Web Application For The Smart Agricultural System
The Web Application is used to view and interact with the smart agricultural system. The webpages
are served from the Webserver and consist of HTML, CSS, JS, and JSON files. The HTML and CSS
files are used for the webpages content and layout, the Javascript performs the webpages backend
processing, and JSON is used for data. The Web Application performs most of its interaction with
the Sensor Network through JSON files are passed between the Webserver and the Web Application.
The JSON files contain labeled data that can be displayed as plots or text information. The plots are
updated once every second by requesting new sensor data from the Webserver. This Section will
focus on the software that allows that Web Application to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Figure 26: Weather webpage layout. The Temperature, Pressure, Humidity, Light, and Soil Moisture
pages display graphic plots for each sensor value type. These pages allow the user to track in real
time the current status and history of the sensor value. Figure 27: Temperature webpage layout. The
Water Control webpage displays the history the water pump on/off state and value of the
environment's soil moisture. This page gives the best overview of the current system status.
Typically, what you would see is that based on environmental factors such as temperature, humidity,
pressure, and weather, the soil moisture threshold will scale to compensate for the current
conditions. The scaling and compensating factors will be discussed in the smart algorithm section
below. Then, if the environment's soil moisture sensor value falls below the soil moisture threshold,
then the water pump will turn on. This will be reflected in the water control graphical plot. Figure
28: Water control webpage layout. 4.5.2 Data Interface: The Web Application interfaces with the
Webserver by requesting JSON data files. The JSON files contain the sensor data used to update the
plots and command statuses of the Web Application. The information within the files is formatted in
a specific way such that the files can be passed directly to the plotting function. CouchDB performs
the file formatting using its query function. Below is an

The Importance Of Web Application
A single page application (SPA) as name suggest is a web application which will fit in a single web
page and acts as a source for rest of the application. Various end user interactions are possible via
HTML, CSS, JavaScript. For most of the part, development happens on the front–end in comparison
to traditional web applications which depend heavily on server–side interactions to reload new web
page content. SPA just keeps all the data and the associated business logic in the front–end i.e. it
works with local storage of browser. Server–side interactions are somewhat limited. These
interactions are performed for requesting any information via API's present in server–side of
application.
Single Page Web Applications follows 3–tier model. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It provides resources different websites connected to Internet.
Web applications use HTTP protocol in order to communicate between client and server. It uses
different methods such as GET, POST, PUT, DELETE. These request methods are important
concepts to be understood as they allow application to request resources from client. These methods
are discussed briefly below:
a. GET
In GET method application request resources using Request–URI. URI is a combination of URL i.e.
Uniform Resource Locator & URN i.e. Uniform Resource Name.
b. POST
In POST method, data is enclosed in message body and server handles request based on Request–
URI.
c. PUT
PUT method stores the data in the message body of Request–URI.
d. DELETE
DELETE method deletes a resource from server identified by Request–URI. 2. DOM
The Document Object Model (DOM) is an interface between HTML and XML documents. It
consists of nodes and objects arranged in logical sequence to form any HTML webpage. It defines
parent–child relationship between various elements. It also provides access to Javascript for
manipulating the document structure and content.
3. XMLHttpRequest
It is an API which helps in communication between client and server to access resources even after
web page is completely loaded in browser. It allows to update web page without reloading it

completely.
Overview of AJAX in

Database Protection System For The Security Of The...
Abstract:
In the last 5 years the usage of internet has increased vastly. Internet attacks has been increasing. As
attacks are increasing there is no security for the network related data bases. We need urgently a
database protection system against the attacks in order keep the data securely.
This paper reviews about the SQL attacks, database protection system which is used between the
database and web application. There are different protective measures for the different users to
provide effective security of the database.
Introduction:
Since the rapid increase of use of Internet, computer network technology has rapid growth. Now a
day's internet is used in almost every fields like governments, business and health care and schools
etc. made the rapid development of the computer network technology.
Networks play key role in these computer era. It brings convenience, along with it also brings the
malicious attackers. Network attackers are targeting the network database, to get the secured data.
The most common attack are SQL attacks. SQL statements are the tools of SQL attacks.
SQL Attacks:
The Principles of SQL attacks:
The most common attacks on the web are SQL attacks. SQL means Structured Query Language.
SQL is used by the relational databases to perform the database operations. Generally web servers
use databases to store the information. Every site on the web mostly uses the databases. SQL is also
one type of programming language which helps to interact with the

A Dynamic Structural Design For Web Application
A DYNAMIC STRUCTURAL DESIGN FOR WEB APPLICATION
WITH CATEGORIZATION OF SYSTEMATIC DEMEANOR
1. INTRODUCTION
This research is concerned with the study and analysis of dynamic architecture and proposes an
improved structural design based on categorization based dynamic architecture. Categorization of
systematic demeanor plays a significant role in dynamic structural design of architecture to
determine the systematic approach, browsing, performance, accuracy, multimedia access and
navigation. By achieving systematic approach, the hierarchical structure is the idea which is behind
the categorization technique.
The extensive opportunities and convenient software design, and the larger demand for such
applications have given rise to a considerable increase in the number of people working on web
applications design, Khan 2014. The PHP, J–Query is some of the important scripting languages that
were used for web applications development. PHP is a server–side scripting language employed for
web development but also considered as a general–purpose programming language. But in the
recent times, young keen people have begun to design Web pages with the help of scripting
languages without even possessing the knowledge of even the simplest principles of software
design.
Several authors have introduced different techniques for minimizing the complexity. One of the
important methods is the introduction of the design patterns in the PHP and the creation of a new
design depending on the

A Script Injection As A Security Threat Or Threat?
Vulnerabilities as we know are potential loopholes in the system that can pose as a security threat or
cause a security breach. Some of the known vulnerabilities that exist today are SQL injection, cross–
site scripting, security misconfiguration and spoofing to name a few. A script injection is used in
cross–site scripting. We see vulnerabilities or threats of some kind quite often in our daily
interaction with a web application. For example, on a web application like daily motion, a third
party comment is an example of untrusted data. Malicious code embedded in such scripts, these
requests seem benign on the outside to the web application server; application server returns the data
to the unsuspecting user. Web browsers execute ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Weakness in web applications allow perpetrators to exploit a web application enabling them to steal
sensitive and confidential data, sell it or even modify it for making easy profits.
A threat model for web applications
A threat is an interaction in which an application or a system is misused in a way that can cause
potential harm. An attack on the other hand is bringing the threat into reality and carrying out
malicious activity by harming the system. A threat model contains a concise list of the type of
attack, the system that was attack, method of attack, attackers profile, their motivation, a goal, the
impact it had or may have (if successful). There are steps to the threat modeling process and they are
as follows:
1. Identify Assets: the value of assets maintained by that particular application or system.
2. Create an architecture overview: Having diagrams serve as the visual representation of the
proposed models and its underlying principles.
3. Decompose the application: Breaking your application in several layers will expose any
vulnerability that may be hiding in the plain sight.
4. Identify threats: Having a sound knowledge of what types of threat exist will help designers
incorporate the countermeasures within the design.
5. Rate the threats: After preparing a comprehensive list of known and unknown threats, rate the
threats. Create a prioritized list of threats based on the severity and impact

Web Application Attack Scenario
Assignment 1: Web Application Attack Scenario
(Student's Name)
(Professor's Name)
(Course Title)
(Date of Submission)
Introduction
Web applications are nowadays serving as a company's public face to the internet. This has created
the need to identify threats and attacks directed to data servers and web applications. Hackers
exploit vulnerabilities in input validation and authentication affecting the web application in order to
gain illegal access and disclose sensitive data or manipulate it to their benefits.
Common threats to data systems
Data systems such as the web application and data servers are faced by a number of threats, some of
these threats are discussed below:
Spoofing: this is a situation where computer assume the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Denial of Service Attack: The server denial of service attack is the most risky, causing the server to
crash or degrade ungracefully due to the malicious SOAP calls.
Human error: Errors caused by people who get into contact with the web application or data servers
either as operators or users include; accidental deletion of data, destruction of software programs,
configuration or hardware error. Vulnerabilities left by the software developers in software, is
another major error. This can include authentication which can be bypassed, failure to validate input
and output data, incorrect implementation of encryption, escalation of privileges, and failure to
handle errors correctly can be used to attack web application leading to exposure of sensitive data
such as customer's financial data. This can be used to cause fraud to the customer's bank or credit
card.
Malfunction: software malfunction is mostly caused by poor development practices where security
has not been built in the software development life cycle but rather incorporated at a latter phase
when the software is already fully developed. By doing this, most of the vulnerabilities won't be
handled which latter leads to either crash or malfunctioning of the software, whereby the attacker
has an easy time breaking into the system and causing damage or customer's data disclosure.
The greatest area of vulnerability and potential for damage or data loss of web applications and

Factors Affecting The Threat Agent Involved
A: LIKELIHOOD:
There are several factors that can help determine the likelihood. The first set of factors are related to
the threat agent involved. The goal is to estimate the likelihood of a successful attack from a group
of possible attackers.
A1. Threat Agent Factors
The first set of factors are related to the threat agent involved. The goal here is to estimate the
likelihood of a successful attack by this group of threat agents. Use the worst–case threat agent.
A1.1: Skill level required to exploit a vulnerability:
Many tools exist to automate the exploitation of SQL injection vulnerabilities and their functions
range from mining database access to gaining command execution via specific database packages.
An attacker with basic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(7.0 – High)
A1.4: Size: XSS and SQL Injection attacks can be carried out an individual or a team of attackers.
Nothing stops a lone attacker to exploit XSS and SQL Injection vulnerabilities. (9.0 – High)
A.2: VULNERABILITY FACTORS
A.2.1: Ease of discoverability: For both vulnerabilities, it is extremely easy to be discovered by
threat agents as automated tools available freely on internet. (8.5 – High)
A.2.2: Ease of exploit: Again, automated tools available to exploit these vulnerabilities so this is
extremely easy to pull off. (9.0 – High)
A.2.3: Awareness: SQLi was first publicly disclosed around 17 years ago, and still on Top of the
OWASP list. It is very well known vulnerability. Same goes for the XSS it is very well known
among hackers. (9.0 – High)
A.2.4: Intrusion detection: Yes, there are tools available to detect XSS and SQL Injection like
SNORT and other black box tools. (3.0 – Low)
Average Score of all factors = Likelihood = 7.5 High
B: IMPACT:
Before estimating the overall impact of an attack, it is important to address that there are two kinds
of impacts. Technical impact on system/application and Business impact on the Business/Company.
B.1: Technical Impact Factors
B.1.1: Loss of confidentiality: By exploiting points of SQL Injection in the application an attacker

can gain access to all Critical Data Assets connected to the Company Portal application and backend
database

What Is The Agile And Waterfall Method In Web Application...
Technical Review: The Agile and Waterfall Method In Web Application Development Abstract –
Today, there are millions web application or web app on the internet, including app market, such as
Amazon app store, Apple Store, Chrome App Store, etc. The web application is server–based
application, and client no need to install the software in their local pc or laptop. User just need to use
compatible browser to access the web application at anywhere and anytime. In fact, the web
application still a form of software. To develop a successful software, an appropriate software
development method is critical. Because, it is a guide book to monitor the development life cycle
throughout the development project. In this work, two popular methods will ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
In general, it is a web–based software that the architecture consists of user interaction, logical
operation, and data storage. And in most cases, software development need teamwork which means
lots developer with different background work together for one goal. A proper working process
would be helpful to successfully complete the development. In some situation, a system too large to
build without an overall plan that coordinates the people working on it. According to Sharon
Florentine, senior writer of CIO.com, 50 percent of businesses experience IT project fail in 2012.
The most common reason, responded by 74 percent of interviewees, is a lack of resources to meet
project demands [4]. Three years later, the failure number increased that 55 percent of businesses
surveyed experienced an IT project failure within last 12 months [5]. When we create a product or
provide a service, such as developing software, writing a report, generate a business analysis, we
always follow a series of ordered steps to accomplish a set of tasks. To correctly produce an
intended output, the tasks must be completed as specific order, we can consider a set of ordered
tasks as a process, involving activities, constraints, and resources. When the process involves the
building of some

Bsa 385 Week 3
Frequent Shopper Program
Technical Architecture Document
University of Phoenix
BSA/385
07/01/2013
Executive Summary
Overview:
The objective of this project request is to track purchases of individual customer 's. The customer
purchases will be tracked and accumulated as loyalty points for redemption by the customer for gift
items, specialty foods and other products or services as made available through partnerships with
other external companies. The strategic purpose of the Frequent Shopper Program is described on
the Sales & Marketing page of the Kudler Fine Foods Intranet site.
Purpose:
Kudlers's new initiative is tracking purchase behavior at the individual customer level and providing
high value incentives through a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The data in this table is used to access the name and address of customers for order processing and
for special mailings for anniversaries and/or birth dates, etc. 2– Order Table – The Order Table is
used to record information pertinent to each Order placed with a given store. Each order will have
one or more entries in the Order Line Table associated with it. 3– Order Line Table – The Order
Line table contains detail on items appearing on an order. One or more Order Lines are associated
with each order and each Order Line references an item being purchased with its description,
quantity, price, etc. 4– Item Table – The Item Table stores information pertaining to products that
may appear on an order. It describes goods that can be purchased from a Store.
The current database tables can be re–used and combined to create the FSPoints Table
The FSPoints table (Frequent Shopper Points table), will include the Customer ID and all correlating
information, Item purchase history, and Item Points Value. The sum of all points' values will be
expressed and added to the Customer's redeemable points at the end of each FSP period.
User Interfaces: Describe the interface for data collection and notification to store personnel and
customers. 1. The initial User Interface will remain the same at the point of sale(POS).

What Is The MVC Architectural Pattern In Architecture Design
Abstract–High quality of web application plays a great rule in the success of a company, this can
only achieve with help of authenticated web engineering methods and procedures. The choice of a
good web application architecture during web application design phase helps to achieve high quality
in web application and handle dynamic customer requirements. Model View Controller (MVC)
architectural pattern is the core architectural pattern among different architectural patterns which
helps to design and develop user interactive applications. In this paper, we explain how to improve
web application quality attributes by introducing the MVC architectural pattern in architectural
design process. Our inclusion will help both small and large scale web applications to ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Sections III presents software quality attributes and analyze how MVC architecture pattern improve
quality of web application. At the end Section IV presents the conclusion and future research work.
II. MVC architectural pattern
MVC [2] architectural pattern [3] is the core architectural design pattern among the different user
interactive architectural pattern. A brief introduction of MVC architectural pattern is defined in
below section.
MVC architectural pattern is most extensively used by software architect designer, programmer and
GUI developer while developing the user interactive applications. The MVC architectural pattern
contains three types of architectural units or components: Model, View and Controller which
actually separate the complete application logic to three logical units: business/entity (model),
presentation (view) and control (controller). The model component contains business logic and
application data, the view use to retrieve and show application data from/to user and the controller
handle the user request/response through view and handle interaction between view and

Sql Injection Attacks And A Web Application Environment
SQL INJECTION ATTACKS
Threats in a Web Application Environment
–Sai Srikar Palukuru
Table of Contents:
1 Introduction ....................................................................................... 3
2 Background ........................................................................................ 3
3 The Attack .......................................................................................... 4 3.1 Types of Attacks
................................................................................. 4
4 Second Order SQL Injection..................................................................... 6 4.1 Differences between
First Order and 2nd Order SQL Injection.........................8
5 Detection of SQL injection ....................................................................... 8
6 State of Art........................................................................................... 8
7 Prevention of SQL injection ..................................................................... 9
8 Future Trend........................................................................................ 10
INTRODUCTION:
Throughout the years the SQL Injection risk has developed so much that now significantly more
obliterating assaults are seen than any time in recent history. Many Organizations are being broken
by means of SQL Injection assaults that slip consistently through the system firewall and detour
their web application firewalls (WAF). This gives attackers a good chance to exploit databases and
internal networks of the organization. Being one of the top ten threats in OWASP, this particular
threat has gained a lot of attention.
SQL injection attacks discloses delicate database data by exploiting input validation vulnerabilities
in a Web webpage. Usually, Web sites validate all user inputs before sending queries to the database.
If this is

Cis 502 Web Server Application Attack
Running head: Web Server Application Attacks 1
Web Server Application Attacks
Deep Ajabani
CIS 502
Dr. Nelson Stewart
July 12, 2015
Running head: Web Server Application Attacks 2 In this era of globalization and cut–throat world of
competition, it is virtually impossible to do business without using the internet and web applications.
Internet gets used for processing the credit card or debit card sale and even for using to save the data
of customers to the merchant's database for future reference and to send promotional offers to the
previous and patron customers. And on the other hand, hackers are trying their best to get the data
stored on the merchant's server by spoofing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In this case hackers especially don't just breach and get the access into the crypto but they breach
something else, like they gets the access to the data through that automatically decrypts, they
acquires the clear text replication of data and in some cases they find the keys. Though it is not that
much easy to get access through this way to the data and get the information. But once the hacker
gets the access it is not that easy to detect the vulnerability. For hackers it is not easy to get through
this way, first they need to put some effort to breach something else to get the required access. The
result of this attack can be severe, and sometimes enterprise have to face lawsuits. To stay safe from
this vulnerability that the company encrypts all the data in the manner, no one can access that, not
the insider and not even the outsider. When engineer takes the backup of the data, they need to make
sure that the data is encrypted. Keys need to be handled and saved individually. To assure that login
credential are made using the appropriate and standard algorithms. And last but not the least all the
keys and passwords need to be protected from the unauthorized access. Insecure direct object
reference is another type of vulnerability which makes the hackers or outsiders to access the data
and other objects which are not entitled to access that. This vulnerability is the result of malpractice
by one of the employee. The authoritative system user who can make the changes to the system,
alters the parameter value that directly refers the link to the system object that user is not allowed to
access and makes the data and information

Unit 3 M1 Web Application Security
Task 3, (LO.3, M1, M2, M3, D2): Produce a report titled; 'Web Application Security' that examines
Web Application security concerns. Your report should make recommendations to improve the
security of Web Applications.
Web Application Security
Web application security is a form of security that deals specifically with the security of websites,
their applications and web services. At advanced levels, web application security touches on the
principles of web application security but applies them directly to Internet and Web systems.
With the intoduction of Web 2.0, sharing information through social networking has increased and
as there has been increased business/services over the internet websites are often attacked directly.
Hackers either attempt to compromise the network or alternetivly the end–users opening the
website.
The majority of web application attacks occur through three avenues Cross–site scripting (XSS),
SQL injection attacks and Phishing.
Cross–site scripting (XSS)
Cross–site scripting (XSS) is one of the most often found vulnerabilities as well as one of the most
dangerous related to web applications. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In order to get started I analysed three web applications from the well known e–commerce website
www.amazon.co.uk. I explored three features in depth; their search bar, their basket/cart and reviews
and comments section of their site. As well I this I briefly discussed how it all links to a
database/server. I reported how the search bar links to databases/servers of amazon.co.uk and how
they incorporated an option which allows you to choose which department you wish to search in.
Furthermore, I discussed the basket/cart on amazon.co.uk and how your basket/cart is also stored so
you can then shop further or go on and pay. As well as this I briefly touched on how amazon use the
basket/cart as a last chance do get some marketing/advertising done through promoting items that
'others who bought this item also bought:', therefore amazon have stored buying habits of those who
are customers of their website. The final web application I then discussed was the reviews and
comments section of amazon.co.uk. Also stored on the database was the reviews of those who had
bought the product previously and score out of five stars along with a comment of those who bought
the

Evaluation Of A Web Application Performance Tool Essay
Introduction
Complete testing of a web–based system can help address issues for example; the basic functionality
of the site, its accessibility to handicapped users and fully able users, the security of the web
application, its ability to adapt to the multitude of devices, desktops, and operating systems, as well
as readiness for the additional expected traffic and the ability to survive in a massive user traffic,
both of which are identified with load testing.
We will talk about different ways to test and experiment websites in an efficient and organized
manner. WAPT tends to simulate virtual users which will repeat either specified URL or recorded
URLs and allows the users to specify the iterations that the virtual users must repeat the recorded
URLs. Thus, the tool is used to check for bottlenecks and performance leakages in the website or
web application. The technology we have today made our job easier and feasible to test one's idea
and insights, cheaply and quickly.
Web application performance tool:
A web application performance tool (WAPT) is utilized to test web related interfaces and web
applications. These tools are used for load and stress testing of web applications, performance,
websites, web servers, web API, and other web interfaces. A WAPT faces various challenges during
testing and should be able to conduct tests for:
Operating System compatibility
Browser compatibility
Windows application compatibility where required
There are various kinds of

Web Server Application Attacks Essay
Running Head: Web Server Application Attacks
Web Server Application Attacks
Assignment # 1
Mariz Cebron
Common web application vulnerabilities and attacks, and recommend mitigation strategies The
World Wide Web has evolved into a critical delivery pipeline for institutions to interact with
customers, partners and employees. Via browsers, people use web sites to send and receive
information via Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) messages to web applications housed on web
servers. This information, expected as legitimate messages, can be used illegitimately in
unauthorized ways to compromise security vulnerabilities a.) Authentication – one of the biggest ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These attacks usually put a heavy load on the target by making regular requests very rapidly. It is
hard to distinguish if a web server is stormed by thousands of clients, or if there is a DoS attack in
progress. A simple way to force the problem of heavy load is to use a server farm together with a
load balancer. This will help against small attacks, but not against a DDoS started from several
hundred hosts. Furthermore, increasing the number of servers is rather expensive.
Attack on the Justice Department's Web site
An apparent denial of service attack, which overloads a site's servers with requests for access,
crippled portions of www.Justice.gov[–>0]. Its site was experiencing "a significant increase in
activity, resulting in degradation in service," and officials said they would treat the situation "as a
malicious act until we can fully identify the root cause of the disruption." A loosely affiliated group
of hackers known as Anonymous said the attack was in response to DOJ's decision to shut down
Megaupload.com[–>1] on charges that the popular Web site illegally shared movies, television
shows and e–books. Members of the Anonymous faction release the following video regarding the
attack, along with a brief statement, neither of which details the motivation for this latest attack on
the DoJ or the contents of the data the attack exposed. Anonymous members launched a

Online Career Assessments For Grafton Consulting
Proposal Project: Online Career Assessments for Grafton Consulting limited Date: 27th October
2015 Prepared by: Anna Satanina Proposal 1. Introduction and Overview of the Project Grafton
Consulting Ltd (Grafton) is small consulting company with a large client base. Essentially they
provide Human Resource solutions to their clients, both from an Organisation Design and
Development point of view as well as the development of the people within these clients. One of the
teams within Grafton provides support to people with their career development, both from a
proactive development and retention perspective but also assisting people leaving the client due to
redundancy. This project is targeting this area of Grafton and will look to assist this team to be more
cost effective and competitive in the market against their competitors. Grafton has explored this
innovation a number of times but to date have not found an off the shelf solution that meets their
needs. Therefore, they have requested a bespoke web based application that will be tailored
specifically to match their assessment tools and their clients' needs. 2. Discussion of the Business
Context In terms of market position Grafton has a dominant place against its competitors, based on
market share and reputation. However, they are encountering more and more requests from their
clients to provide an online solution. Some of Grafton's competitors have aligned themselves with
bigger offshore organisations and

Application Hosting Using ( Aws ) Amazons Web Service Essay
Application Hosting Using (AWS) Amazons Web Service
Amazon Web Services (AWS) delivers reliable, scalable, and cost–effective computing resources on
which to host applications. You can use the following AWS components alone or combined to host
application(s) Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2). Amazon EC2 provides resizable
compute capacity in the cloud. You define the virtual Amazon EC2 environment with the operating
system, services, databases, and application platform stack required for Apparel Brands hosted
application. Amazon EC2 provides a full management console and APIs to manage your computer
resources.
Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3). Amazon S3 provides a simple web services interface
to store and retrieve any amount of data, at any time, from anywhere on the web. It is durable,
highly available, and secure. Amazon S3 also stores multiple redundant copies of data.
Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS). Amazon RDS makes it easy to set up,
operate, and scale a relational database in the cloud. It provides cost–efficient and resizable database
capacity while managing time–consuming database administration tasks.
Amazon SimpleDB. Amazon SimpleDB provides the core database functions of data indexing and
querying. Apparel Brands applications can take advantage of Amazon SimpleDB's simplicity and its
ability to scale seamlessly.
Amazon CloudFront. Amazon CloudFront provides a high performance, globally distributed content
delivery system.

What Operating System Does Your Computer Use?
TRIDENT UNIVERSITY
Ryan Cox
ITM301
Module 1 Case
What operating system does your computer use?
I have and use a MacBook its been my computer of choice for a while I love everything about Apple
products. The operating system my MacBook use is Mac OS is a series of graphical user interface–
based operating systems developed by Apple Inc. for their Macintosh line of computer systems. The
original version was the integral and unnamed system software first introduced in 1984 with the
original Macintosh, and referred to simply as the "System" software.
What are some examples of applications residing in your personal computer?
Every Mac comes with a collection of great apps for things you do every day, like ... Show more
When something is in the cloud, it means it is stored on servers on the Internet instead of on your
computer. It lets you access your calendar, email, files, and more from any computer that has an
Internet connection. I don't have anything cloud base for the fear of getting hacked and getting my
information stolen. Having certain items cloud based have its pro and cons I will name a few these
are my personal opinions some people may not agree with me.
PROS:
1. Access data anywhere on any smart device
2. Frees up IT resources to focus on the core competency of the business
3. Provides scale so that you can easily provision additional servers to meet computing needs
4. Provides a low cost, easy way to ensure backup and disaster recovery with offsite backups.
5. Enhanced security from Internet services, by preventing loss due to fire, theft, or disaster.
6. May keep costs low, as you only have to pay for what you use, and don't need to make significant
upfront investments.

CONS:
1. Outages, while unlikely, can impact your business
2. Large files on STaaS require large amounts of network bandwidth to conduct storage utilization
and internet–based services
3. Potential lock–in – Depending how you enable storage for your website. It may be challenging to
move to another provider if you write provider–dependent code.
4. Privacy – Governments (for example via the US Patriot Act) can potentially access your data. You

Essay On Web Application Attack
Web applications attack has many techniques at their disposal from a buffer to overflows to SQL
injection. This guide states how to allow Web application security tools and Web application attacks
occur, identifies obscure and common, Web application attacks and tactics to protect against them.
The Web architecture relies substantially on the technology popularized by the World Wide Web.
There are so many Web servers this time, some of the accessible Web servers today are
AOL/Netscape's Enterprise Server, Apache Software Foundation's Apache HTTP Server, Microsoft
IIS and Sun One. Links to resources are called Uniform Resource Identifiers/ Uniform Resources
Location (URIs/URs), and these resources may either be static pages or contain ... Show more
Defecting Web sites; Website defacement is the most common and prevalent form of cyber
vandalism. Varies downloadable tools exploit well–known vulnerabilities to deface sites.
Stealing credit card information; once attacker gain access to a network, they able to scan databases
in search of any files which may contain valuable information such as client files holding credit card
information, and then download these files.
Exploiting buffer overflows; by executing arbitrary commands on the victim's system, an attacker
may crash a program or minify elements the stack.
Denial–of–server (DNS) attacks. This kind of attack that Network attacks in that attacker attempt to
disable or disrupt systems that provide network services by various means. A design and program
flaws may allow an attacker to manipulate DNS server information with wrong data, thereby
confused or misdirecting users. Some of the common ways to perform a DoS attack, such as
Resource starvation which depleting a system's resources, Bandwidth consumption which flooding a
network with data, Programming flaws which exploiting buffer overflows and Routing and DNS
attacks which manipulating DNS tables to point to alternate IP addresses. Denial–of–service mostly
happens when legitimate users are prevented from performing a desired operation or task.
Employing malicious code; attackers use malicious code to spread worm, viruses and other
dangerous

Web Application And The Internet Hackers
Chapter One
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background In our time and with the remarkable progress in the field of Internet,web sites can
be considered the purpose and the main target for the Internet hackers. The Internet hackers worked
on transfer their attacks from the well–defended network layer to the more accessible Web
application layer, Since this layer is one of the most important layers because that layer is used on a
daily basis by people To manage all daily business such as commercial matters in addition to other
things related to their lives. These websites offer to users a variety of services Such as, shopping
services,booked travel tickets,health care and the payment of Insurances.All of these and other
services offered by ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The security of networks and computers are very important due to the following reasons[4] :
1. Assets protection: Information can be defined as data organized and accessible in an
interconnected manner. One of the main objectives of the network security is to protect property and
corporate assets. The information represents the vital organizational part for companies and
responsible for all that was mentioned above in addition to protection, integrity and availability of
information.
2. Compliance with security requirements and fiduciary responsibilities: All company employees in
every company they have a responsibility to ensure the safety and security companies in which they
work. As part of this responsibility includes the company 's work and ensure its continuity.
According to this matter, companies that rely on our own computer devices, these companies must
take into account the security side of its own security policies.
3. Get the competitive feature: Development and maintenance of effective security measures it can
provide an organization or company have the ability to compete with the rest of the companies. It
can be said that the security network represents a particularly especially in the field of financial
services and the importance of the Internet as well as in the field of electronic commerce.
4. Maintain your job and your business: To ensure the

Application Of A Web Server
Web server is needed because it's a hardware that stores web pages and distribute it to the internet.
Without a web server, the customers can't access your web pages if its not distributed to the internet.
Computer is obviously is needed or how can you access your own websites or make it, let alone
make any changes. Computer system is now a broad category that now stems from desktop, laptop,
smartphone, multimedia device 's and so on. It can be accessed by any computer device but to make
changes, its best to use a desk top for better use of the system when editing a website.
External hard drive is the largest type of external storage. Extra storage can be very useful ,it can be
used as an backup storage like if the system crashes. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Web and Mail server is crucial to maintain e–commerce business. Though its mainly hardware, it
can be done in software as well.
Web authoring tools is a software that is used for designing and presenting web pages. It is based on
some version of HTML and Java, it increases the look, the feel and the use of a webpage. Adobe
Dreamweaver is one of the best web designing software that has a lot of feature for a web authoring
tool. It is needed for e–commerce because you need this software to design the webpage want.
TCP/IP – Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is one of the core protocols of the Internet protocol
suite (IP), it's the main communication protocols that used to connect host on the internet. It uses lot
of protocols but the two main is TCP and IP, it's so common that it can be linked together as TCP/IP
(combined term).
Protocols is a set of rules that governs the communication and the use of the internet (networks).
They follow the rules that is introduce by highest authority of the internet (world government); such
as data transfer speed, cabling types and hardware us and so on. The protocol includes the
programme requirements of the computer such as firewall, security programme (anti–virus), file
sharing and more.
Computer Ports is a port that allow connection with output devices. It is important as well because
all computer must have all common feature as an de facto standard (standards of a computer).
Theses standards include usb ports, cd

Web Testing Of Web Applications Essay
Abstract Web testing is the name given to the software testing of web applications. Web applications
are the applications that are ultimately meant to be viewed by user, so maintaining the quality of
these applications is a major concern. This report focused on finding the software testing methods
that are currently used to test functional and non functional requirements of web applications
efficaciously. This paper also covers the challenges that are introduced while testing web
applications. A web application is basically different from traditional software application in the
sense that former one has large number of users which are accessing the web application
simultaneously. Secondly, web application is based on different hardware, operating system and
network connections. The different web components are constructed from different programming
languages and different models. The aim of web testing is to execute the application in multiple
platforms and in multiple environments to reveal failures. Failure is either caused by the faults in
application itself or in the interface and faults in the running environment. Introduction A Web
application is an application that is invoked by a client through by web browser over the Internet. It
has complex Graphical User Interface (GUI) with number of backend software components
integrated into it. Nowadays, demand for web based applications is increasing dramatically and so
complexity is also increasing. Most

A Web Application System For Forensic Investigator Essay
According to parencite{lazzez2015forensics}, a web application system should be forensically
prepared by being capable of evidence collection and evidence protection. For evidence collection,
the logs should be enabled and configured properly on the servers. The evidence protection requires
that the integrity of these logs should be maintained by setting proper permissions on the log files
and keeping them out of reach of the perpetrators. A forensic investigator should also be well
equipped in terms of skills to carry out the investigation. The sufficient comprehension on the web
application architecture, program flow, functions, and the server components are also important for
the forensic investigator. The diversity of the web applications in terms of the which type of
architecture is used contributes to its high skill requirement for the forensic investigator. The case
study includes a Wordpress application on top of a LAMP stack and this creates a need for the
investigator to have knowledge on Apache servers, PHP, Linux, etc.
subsubsection{Methodology}
A methodology proposed by parencite{lazzez2015forensics} states that:
egin{enumerate} item Web Application should always be protected during forensic investigation
from any manipulation or corruption of data. This also includes the servers where the web
application is running. item The forensic investigator should discover all the required files for
forensic investigation. These files can be the server logs, server

Develop Android City Tour Guide Application Using Web...
Survey paper on
Develop Android City Tour Guide Application Using Web Services
Karan Shivankar karanshivankar01@gmail.com
Devesmita Shil devasmitashilit@gmail.com Shital Pofare shitalpofare2013@rediffmail.com
Abstract:–combination of good phone and web services is the trend of longer term software
application. Mobile phones are more than just making calls. Now a day mobile phone is a necessary
part of the people's life. There is continuously rising in a number of mobile
Computing applications, centred on the people's daily life. It allows accessing. It allows accessing
several applications and services via the internet connection or by building stand–alone applications.
Android is an open source mobile operating system based on Linux with java support. It comes
under free and open source software licenses. In our city tour guide system we add map, location
tracking, weather report this extra features
In it
Keywords – Android Mobile, tour guide system, map navigation, location tracker, weather report.
INTRODUCTION
The rapid proliferation of mobile computing technology has massive potential for providing access
to different services at any time and from anywhere. The mobile telephone is more than just making
calls. It allows accessing several applications and services via the internet connection or by building
stand–alone applications. The mobile telephone has a considerable effect in tourism by allowing the

Motivation Of Web Application
Motivation: In recent years many types of work is done by web application. Web application plays
imperative function in recent years. But now a days hacker can freely ingress web application by
using many type of techniques. So it's mean that web application visualize different kind of security
threats. But Sql injection is one of the top most bad attack techniques in the web application. This
type of techniques sanction the hacker to gain information to organization database. Attacker
dripped the information in online transaction, online banking, paper , mail etc. Data and information
is very vital issue in organization, business and industries. Now a days attacker can expose freely of
all the sensitive information in database. So ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
SQL means that structured query language. It is a textual language. Sql injection is one of the code
injection attack which is commonly used for attacking websites. So in this reason attacker add some
sql code in replacement of the main code to get entry the database. Attacker always try to inquire the
benefited of delicately filtered and wrong character inlaid sql statement into parsing variable data
from user input. Sql is a typical query of execution , which is collect of statement and return a single
result. In this techniques , Attacker is always capable to get in a type of series sql statement into a
query by manipulating data input. Sql injection techniques, attacker can snitch data from a database
because Some data should not be available. An attacker can ingress the data in the database and
expected to conducted by some restricted people. Sql Injection attack Sql injection is one of the
most harmful and vulnerable of web application. An attacker attacks and leaked information for
different purpose. SQLIA is nothing but the class of code used as user input as query[1].This
techniques attacks the system and crash the whole present Information in the database..There are
many types of Sql injection. Some of attacks are usually performed in variant and many of them are
used at one place. It depends on the particular target of the sql injection attacker. Tautology Attack
Tautology attacks are most used by the attacker.

A Web Application Against Hacking
In today's complicated world of internet security, securing a website or a web–application against
hacking is a major task faced by all organization. Aside from static website, webpages have
morphed into complex dynamic sites that utilizes vast resources and APIs, all the while
communicating with database in real time and also that stores millions of its customers' information.
Among the various forms of attack techniques employed by hackers, Cross Site Scripting (XSS) and
SQL Injection had risen to the top and possess the greatest risk in the amount of data and intellectual
property loss faced by any corporations who wants to reach out or provide services to its customers
in the world wide web. OSWAP (Open Web Application Project), an ... Show more content on
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Every organization consume different forms of technology to take advantage of increased
productivity and reduced cost and have a presence in the internet world through website and web
application. Over the last two decades, static websites that only contain information has evolved into
dynamic web sites that accepts user input and performs action based on the input given. Dynamic
web application is developed and deployed to provide immediate services and increase the customer
base through means of world wide web. Tasks like accepting user details and storing/retrieving from
database are evolving according to business need to grow. As new and powerful HTML tags,
scripting functions, asynchronous JavaScript and XML(AJAX) technologies help web development
to produce versatile web application, vulnerabilities and shortcomings are exploited by hackers to
compromise both innocent client and company property. The growing trend of increasing attacks
through Cross–Site Scripting (XSS) and SQL–Injection methods lends itself to the effectiveness of
damage caused by such attacks, inherent weakness found in client–side scripting languages likes of
JavaScript and direct open connection to the SQL data servers.
Started in the later–half of 1990s and early days of web site building, Cross–Site Scripting (XSS)
are security vulnerability that targets the scripts (HTML and JavaScript) that are embedded in
website code and are executed on the user side (client web browser),

Web Application Vulnerabilities

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