Quadrant analysis:
theory
Andrew R. Coggan, Ph.D.
What is quadrant analysis?
Quadrant analysis is a graphical tool for
analyzing powermeter data to provide insight into
the neuromuscular demands of a particular race
or training session. A better understanding of
such demands can be helpful not only for
optimizing training but also behaviors during
races themselves.
Quantifying the neuromuscular
demands of training and racing:
AEPF and CPV
Average effective pedal force (AEPF) =
(power • 60)/(cadence • 2 • Pi • crank length)
Circumferential pedal velocity (CPV) =
(cadence • 2 • Pi • crank length)/60
Frequency distribution histogram of
AEPF during a level 3 training ride
AEPF-CPV relationship
during a level 3 training ride
AEPF-CPV-time relationship
during a level 3 training ride
Statement of the problem
Simply plotting AEPF and CPV, even
against each other and/or time, primarily tells you
what you actually did during a particular race or
training session, and provides only limited insight
into the impact that had/is likely to have upon you
from a physiological perspective.
Muscle force-velocity and
power-velocity relationships
Maximal force
(Fo)

Maximal power
(Pmax)

Maximal
velocity
(Vmax)
AEPF-CPV and
power-CPV relationship
Maximal AEPF
(= Fo)
Maximal power
(Pmax)

Maximal CPV
(= Vmax)
Maximal AEPF-CPV and
submaximal power
Fiber type recruitment as a function of
exercise intensity
100
Total

80
60

Type I
a
d
t
u
c
s
r
e
b
i
f
%
i
c
r
x
f
t
e
s
n
o

40
Type IIa
20

Type IIb

0
25

50

75
% of VO2max

Vollestad et al. Acta Physiol Scand 125:395-405, 1985

100
EMG activity as a function of cadence

MacIntosh, Neptune, and Horton, Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000; 32:1281-1287
Fiber type recruitment as a
function of cadence

Ahlquist et al., Eur J Appl Physiol 1992; 65: 360-364.
Maximal AEPF-CPV and power
AEPF vs. CPV during flat time trial
AEPF vs. CPV during flat time trial
QA of flat time trial
QA of 6 x 1 km from standing start
QA with data from different PMs
Ride #1

Ride #2

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