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![First recorded use of ‘social
capital’
‘those tangible assets [that] count for
most in the daily lives of people:
namely goodwill, fellowship,
sympathy, and social intercourse
among the individuals and families
who make up a social unit.’
Lyda Hanifan, state supervisor of rural schools in VA (1916)
(OECD Insights: Human Capital)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/week7a-roleofclubs-putnam2-150313124026-conversion-gate01/75/Week-7-a-role-of-clubs-putnam-2-4-2048.jpg)
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Similar to Week 7 a role of clubs - putnam (2)
Week 7 a role of clubs - putnam (2)
- 1. Week Seven –7A College Writing Self, Society & Sustainability Role of Associational Life More Recently – Putnam
- 2. Bowling Alone America’s Declining Social Capital Journalof Democracy 6.1 (1995): 65-78
- 3. Robert D. Putnam Peterand Isabel Malkin Professor of Public Policy at Harvard ‘He has written more than a dozen books, including Bowling Alone and Making Democracy Work, both among the most cited publications in the social sciences in the last half century. He was consulted by the last three American presidents, the last three British prime ministers, the current French president, and hundreds of grassroots leaders and activists in many countries.’ http://www.hks.harvard.edu/saguaro/st aff/putnam.htm
- 4. First recorded useof ‘social capital’ ‘those tangible assets [that] count for most in the daily lives of people: namely goodwill, fellowship, sympathy, and social intercourse among the individuals and families who make up a social unit.’ Lyda Hanifan, state supervisor of rural schools in VA (1916) (OECD Insights: Human Capital)
- 5. Putnam’s benign conceptof social capital ‘social networks and the norms of reciprocity and trustworthiness that arise from them’ Bowling Alone (2000), 19
- 6. Tocqueville, the ‘patron saintof contemporary social capitalists’ Putnam, Bowling Alone, 292 ‘Americans of all ages, stations, and dispositions are forever forming associations. There are not only commercial and industrial associations, but others of a thousand different types – religious, moral, serious, futile, very general and very limited, immensely large and very minute. . . . Nothing, in my view, more deserves attention than the intellectual and moral associations in America.’ Tocqueville, Democracy in America
- 7. Bowling alone as symbolof disassociation ‘more Americans are bowling today than ever before, but bowling in organized leagues has plummeted in the last decade or so. Between 1980 and 1993 the total number of bowlers in America increased by 10 percent, while league bowling decreased by 40 percent.’ (Putnam, 70)
- 9. Declining social capital: associationism Trend:falling membership Church-related groups Labour unions Fraternal and veterans’ organisations School-service groups (PTAs) Countertrend: rising membership Professional associations Campaign & interest groups ‘Mail-order membership’ of charitable organisations Support groups
- 10. Declining social capital: neighbours Knowing your neighbour Socialising with neighbours Ghettos and gated communities Bonding and bridging
- 11. Declining social capital: socialtrust Trust in national and local government Trust in government declined from 75% in 1960s to 19% in 1994 surveY Trust in national and local institutions Trust in public honesty
- 12. Correlation Participation incivic associations Voter turnout Trust ‘People in Minnesota, for example, are the most trusting people in the United States. They are also amongst the most intense joiners. And they are the most likely to turn out to vote.’ Putnam, ‘Interview’
- 13. Restoring social capital 12 case-studiesof community development projects, from urban renewal to online bulletin boards ‘they all involve making connections among people, establishing bonds of trust and understanding, building community. In other words, they all involve creating social capital: developing networks of relationships that weave individuals into groups and communities.’ (Putnam, 1) New York: Simon & Schuster, 2003
- 14. New York MillsCommunity Garden benefits gardeners (fun hobby), would-be-gardeners (new skill) and those needing to stretch a dollar (reduced grocery bill).
- 15. GAA Irish amateur sports providea platform for members of local communities to come together. GAA sports appeal to all age levels and foster community spirit through local clubs.
- 16. Objections to Putnam’s theoryof social capital Trust is the consequence not the cause of social capital Its presumption in favour of church membership and bowling leagues, and against TV and new media It can be used to justify cuts in public spending It tends to blame the poor for their inadequate social skills
- 17. ‘citizenship is not aspectator sport’ Putnam, Bowling Alone, 342 For more Putnam on video: (15minutes) http://wn.com/robert_putnam_on_soci al_capital_part_1
- 18.
- 19. Discussion Point: Do youthink your generation are less altruistic/ socially engaged than previous generations?
- 20. Discussion Point Does itmatter that social capital is declining?
- 21. Discussion Point: Does socialcapital have any negative effects?
- 22. Discussion Point: After Putnam Whatchanges have taken place since Bowling Alone was published?
- 23. Discussion Point: What effecthas technology had on of social capital? Do social-networking sites help or hurt social capital?
- 24. The rapidgrowth of social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter suggests that individuals are creating a virtual-network consisting of both bonding and bridging social capital. Unlike face to face interaction, people can instantly connect with others in a targeted fashion by placing specific parameters with internet use. Critics of virtual communities believe that the Internet replaces our strong bonds with online weak-ties or with socially empty interactions with the technology itself. Others fear that the Internet can create a world of "narcissism of similarity," where sociability is reduced to interactions between those that are similar in terms of ideology, race, or gender. A few articles suggest that technologically-based interactions has a negative relationship with social capital by displacing time spent engaging in geographical/ in-person social activities. However, the consensus of research shows that the more people spend online the more in-person contact they have, thus positively enhancing social capital.
- 25. Final Discussion Point: Whatare you doing to grow your social capital? Take the survey
Editor's Notes
- #8 Arresting image
- #12 Trust in government declined from 75% in 1960s to 19% in 1994 survey
- #15 A local team recognized that those who are struggling to make ends meet are feeling the pinch of increased prices at the grocery store and gas pumps. A new community garden was formed that benefits gardeners (fun hobby), would-be-gardeners (new skill) and those needing to stretch a dollar (reduced grocery bill). Plots are offered free on a first come basis to civic groups, church groups or service groups wanting to challenge their green thumb skills and provide for the needy. The project offers neighbors the opportunity to come together out of a common love of gardening as well as a common interest in food security.