Whole genome shotgun sequencing involves randomly breaking genomic DNA into small fragments, sequencing the fragments, and then reassembling the sequences using overlapping regions. The document outlines the history and procedure of shotgun sequencing. Genomic DNA is first fragmented, end-repaired, and size-selected into small, medium, and large fragments. Libraries are created for each size fragment and sequenced. A base caller filters poor calls and an assembler finds overlaps to generate continuous nucleotide sequences or contigs of the whole genome.