Here is a weekly summary of key points about the structure of chloroplasts and how they facilitate photosynthesis in plants:
Chloroplasts, the organelles where photosynthesis takes place, are found in the leaf cells of plants. They contain chlorophyll which absorbs sunlight energy. Stacked membranes within the chloroplast, called thylakoids, form sac-like structures called grana that trap the sunlight energy. An electron transport chain uses this light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates like glucose. This process requires carbon dioxide to enter the leaf through stomata on the underside of the leaf. Oxygen is released as a byproduct through the same stomata. The waxy