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World Bank and BRICS
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- 4. OUR GROUP MEMBERS AfrozaParven Ema ID: 1712348107 Department of Public Administration University of Rajshahi Rezuan Taufiq ID: 1610248160 Department of Public Administration University of Rajshahi MD. Masud Rana ID: 1610248151 Department of Public Administration University of Rajshahi Mst. Nusrat Jahan Luna ID: 1712348148 Department of Public Administration University of Rajshahi Sayed Asraful Islam Akash ID: 1610248146 Department of Public Administration University of Rajshahi Tasmin Zaman ID: 1712048125 Department of Public Administration University of Rajshahi
- 5. WHAT IS THEWORLD BANK? • The world bank is a international organization dedicated to providing financing, advice and research to devel op nations to aid their economic advancement. • World bank is a vital source of financial & technical assistance to develop countries around the world. • It supplies qualifying individuals & and governments with low interest loans , zero interest credits and grants.
- 6. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF WORLDBANK • The world bank established in 1944 to rebuild post world war 2 Europe under the international bank for reconstruction & development in BRETON WOOD CONFERENCE. • The world bank officially began operations in June 1946. • Since its inception, the world bank has lent and given grants and credits worth $400 billion. • The International bank for reconstruction for development (IBRD) established in 1945.
- 7. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE The organization ofthe bank consists of the board of governors, the board of executive directors and advisory committee. • BOARD OF GOVERNORS The board consists of one governors and one alternative governor appointed for 5 years by each member country. Each governor has the voting power which is related to the financial contribution of the government which he represent. • BOARD OF DIRECTORS It consists of 21 members, 6 of them are appointed by the six largest shareholders, namely the USA , the UK, the west Germany , FRANCE, JAPAN & INDIA. The rest of the 15 members are elected by the remaining countries. • ADVISORY COMMITTEE An advisory committee Is a collection of Individuals who bring unique knowledge and skills which augment the knowledge and skills of the formal board of directors In order to more effectively guide the world bank.
- 8. OBJECTIVES OF WORLDBANK • 1. Strengthen economies and expand markets to improve the quality of life for people everywhere but especially the poorest. • 2. to provide guarantee for loans granted to small and large units and other project of member countries. • 3.To ensure the implementation of developing projects so as to bring about a smooth transference from a war time to peace economy. • 4. advise globally on the investment of private capital in development projects. • 5. providing technical , economic , and monetary advice to member countries for specific projects.
- 9. FUNCTIONS OF WORLD BANK •Helps the war divested countries • Provide extensive experience and the financial resources for help the poor countries. • It helps the under developed countries by granting loans. • It also provides loans to various govt for irrigation, agriculture, water supply , health , education etc. • It promotes foreign investments to other organizations by guaranteeing the loans. • Also, world bank provides economic , monetary and technical advice to the member countries for any of their projects. • Thus, it encourages the development of of-industries in underdevelopment countries by introducing the various economic reforms.
- 10. HOW WORLD BANKIS FUNDED • Mainly it doesn’t borrow from people . Instead it borrows from the world financial markets. • In other words in 2017 the world bank borrowed $56B from the worlds financial markets. • It is expected that the member countries will repay , if there is a need to. There has never been this need so far . Because of this guarantee, the world bank can borrow at a good rate.
- 11. SUCCESS OF WORLDBANK Some successful projects : 1) “Basic needs” approach project. 2) “Pursuant Project” 3) “Project in Yugoslavia’’ Some additional success : Health services Electricity services Water services 140000 kilometers of roads were constructed , rehabilitated or upgraded.
- 12. FAILURES OF WORLDBANK Some failure project of world bank • WATER PROJECT, TANZANIA • NUTRITION FAILURE, ECUADOR • EVICTION IN NIGERIA • ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PROJECT, CHAD
- 13. THE GROUP OFWORLD BANK The Group Of World Bank International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (1945) International Development Association (1960) International Finance Corporation (1956) Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (1988) International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (1966)
- 14. IBRD • The world’slargest development bank, IBRD provides financial products and policy advice to help countries reduce poverty and extend the benefits of sustainable growth to all of their people. Product & Service Financing & Risk Management IBRD SERVICE
- 15. IDA The International DevelopmentAssociation (IDA) is the part of the World Bank that helps the world’s poorest countries. Established in 1960. Overseen by 173 shareholder nations, IDA aims to reduce poverty by providing loans (called “credits”) and grants for programs that boost economic growth, reduce inequalities, and improve people’s living conditions. LOANS AND GRANTS From 1960-2018, IDA provided $369 billion for investments in 113 countries.
- 16. IFC IFC promotes economicdevelopment through private sector. Working with business partners, IFC invests in sustainable private enterprises in developing countries without the need for government guarantees. ... IFC also offers advisory services to support private sector development. AREA OF WORKING IFC’s offerings are designed to meet the needs of clients in different industries, with a special focus on Agribusiness & Forestry Health & Education Infrastructure Manufacturing Oil, Gas and Mining Public-Private Partnerships Telecoms, Media & Technology Tourism, Retail and Property
- 17. MIGA The Multilateral InvestmentGuarantee Agency (MIGA) is a member of the World Bank Group. Their mandate is to promote cross-border investment in developing countries by providing political risk insurance and credit enhancement to investors and lenders. MIGA Take this risks Transfer risk Expropriation War, Terrorism Violation MIGA Board • Council of Govornor • Board of Director
- 18. ICSID ICSID Structure ADMINISTRATIVE COUNCIL SECRETARIAT • Onerepresentative of each contracting state. • One vote per State • President of the World Bank (no vole) FUNCTIONS • Adopt ICSID rules on financing arbitration, and conciliation • Adopt annual budget • Determine conditions of service of Secretary general and Deputy secretary general • Secretary-General • Staff of about 40 FUNCTIONS • Support hearing Process • Training and publications ICSID offers a distinct set of tools to support achieving the Bank’s goals.
- 19. WORLD BANK RELATIONTO UN UN Principal Organ Trusteeship Council International Court of Justice Security Council Economic and Social Council Secretariat General Assenbly
- 20. Economic and Social Council Fundsand Programs Specialized Agency Other Bodies Functional Commission High Level Political Forum ON SDG Research and Training Regional Commission Other Entities
- 21. WORLD BANK AND BANGLADESH •International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)-17 August, 1972 • International Development Association (IDA)- 17 August, 1972 • International Finance Corporation (IFC)- 18 June, 1976 • International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID)- 26 April, 1980 • Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)- 12 April, 1988 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
- 22. MAJOR ROLES OFWORLD BANK IN BANGLADESH 1 . Poverty Alleviation 2 .The World Bank has helped makes Dhaka’s air more breathable 3. The World Bank is the longest external funder of micro credit in Bangladesh 4. education & gender Equality 5. The world Bank leads the donor consortium for health programs in Bangladesh 6. The World Bank helped Bangladesh modernize its agricultural sector: 7. The World Bank is deeply involved in building and improving roads and infrastructure in Bangladesh 8. The World Bank provides more electricity in Bangladesh 9. The World Bank works for environment protection and climate change 10. The World Bank strengthens the women empowerment in Bangladesh 11. The World Bank works for the social safety net in Bangladesh 12. The World Bank helps Bangladesh create a better investment climate
- 23. IMPLICATIONS OF WORLD BANKPROJECTS IN BANGLADESH
- 24. WORLD BANK INLDCS • What is LDCs? • Example of LDCs • Three criteria are needed for making list of LDCs • Human assets • Economic vulnerability • GNI per capita • Countries must meet two of the three criteria to be considered for graduation
- 25. • The WorldBank provides low interest loans and grants to LDCs. • Example: 1.Liberia – The world Bank has been an active partner in supporting Liberia through severe shocks in the aftermath of Ebola virus and the subsequent slump in commodity prices. 2.Afghanistan –works for economic growth, reduce inequalities and improve people’s living condition.
- 26. RECENT ACTIVITIES • TheWorld Bank is working with the Government to help the people after Cyclone Idai in Zimbabwe, Malawi, Mozambique.
- 27. • The WorldBank Group has recently released the Little Data Book on Gender 2019. • Information about men and women. • the length of paid maternity leave and whether women are legally able to work in the same industries as men.
- 28. • The WorldBank is helping for upgrading four neighborhood in Dhaka city. 1. Kamrangirchor 2. Lalbagh 3. Sutrapur-Nayabazar- Gulistan 4. Khilgaon- Mugdha- Bashabo. • For upgrading public spaces.
- 29. • The WorldBank is increasing it’s funding for Mini Grids project. Mini grids are now one of the best solution for closing the energy access gap. • The World Bank is working for Rohingya issue by giving grants. It is for providing basic services.
- 30. CRITICISM Promoting theWashington consensus. Ignoring the environmental and social impact projects it supports. For example: Brazil’s Polonoroeste development ,Dam project in India.
- 31. Causing highdebt among developing countries. Autonomy is limited because of US Government
- 32. ENDING REMARKS • Goal-poverty reduction • Focus-developing countries • Working field-Human development • Rural development • Agriculture , Infrastructure, Governance
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- 34. PRESENTATION TOPIC • Introduction •From "BRIC" to "BRICS" • Why BRICS formed • Member countries and current leaders • Major objectives • BRICS Summits • BRICS Bank • Achievements and Failures • Conclusion • References
- 35. INTRODUCTION TO BRICS •BRICS is the acronym for an associations of five major emerging national economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa • It is an independent international organization encouraging commercial, political and cultural cooperation between the BRICS nations, was formed in 2011 • South Africa currently holds the chair of the BRICS group and hosted the group's 10th summit in July 2018.
- 36. From " BRIC"to "BRICS" 1. BRICS is formed for following two major reasons 2. To be an Alternative to World Bank and IMF to challenge US supremacy. 3. To provide self owned and self managed orgnization to carry out Developmental and Economical Plans in memeber nations without being dependent on any foreignl agency.
- 37. BRAZIL • One ofthe largest country in South America. • Extremely rich in resources. • Industrial output is strong. • President Jair Bolsonaro is the current leader. RUSSIA • Russia occupies one- tenth of all the land on earth. • Accounts for around 20% of the world's oil and gas reserves. • Third largest exporter of steel and aluminum. • President Vladimir Putin is the current leader from Russia.
- 38. INDIA • 1.33 billionpeople • Natural resources • 2nd largest labor force • Fastest growing economies • Prime Minister Narendra Modi is the current leader SOUTH AFRICA • 57 million people • Richest in terms of its mineral reserves • President Cyril Ramaphosa is the current leader of BRICS
- 39. MAJOR OBJECTIVES • Toachieve regional development • To act as a bridge between developed and developing countries • To gain an advantage in trade and climate change negotiations • Formed an information sharing and exchange platform • To complete with the western power
- 40. BRICS SUMMITS Date(S) Hostcountry Host leader Location 1st 16 June, 2005 Russia Dmitry Medvedev Yekaterinburg 2nd 15 April, 2010 Brazil Luiz Inacio, Lula da Silva Brasilia 3rd 14 April, 2011 China Sanya, Hainah 4th 29 March,2012 India Manmohan Singh New Delhi (Taj Mahal Hotal) 5th 26 March,2013 South Africa Jacob Zuma Durban 6th 14 July Brazil Dilma Rousseff Fortaleza 7th 8-9 July, 2015 Russia Vladimir Putin USA 8th 15-16 October, 2016 India Narendra Modi Benaulim,Goa 9th 3-5 September, 2017 China XI Jinping Xiamen 10th 25-27 July, 2018 South Africa Cyril Ramaphosa Johannesburg
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