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You Can’t Browse The Stacks In A Digital Library: Indexed Discovery, Fair Linking & NISO’s Open Discovery Initiative
The document discusses the Open Discovery Initiative (ODI) led by NISO, aiming to improve standards for library discovery services that index various content types. It highlights the need for clearer interactions between index discovery providers and content providers, addressing concerns like copyright and algorithm biases. The ODI also emphasizes the importance of trust and transparency through standardized practices, metrics, and annual reporting requirements.
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You Can’t Browse The Stacks In A Digital Library: Indexed Discovery, Fair Linking & NISO’s Open Discovery Initiative
- 1. You Can’t Browse The Stacks In A Digital Library Indexed Discovery, Fair Linking & NISO’s Open Discovery IniFaFve Todd Carpenter Executive Director, NISO November 6, 2014
- 2. About ➢ Non-‐profit industry trade associa2on accredited by ANSI ➢ Mission of developing and maintaining technical standards related to informa2on, documenta2on, discovery and distribu2on of published materials and media ➢ Volunteer driven organiza2on: 400+ contributors spread out across the world ➢ Responsible (directly and indirectly) for standards like ISSN, DOI, Dublin Core metadata, DAISY digital talking books, OpenURL, MARC records, and ISBN 2
- 3. 3 Short History of Library Discovery
- 4. Photo: Minneapolis College of Art and Design Library 4
- 5. Photo: OSU ThompsonLibrary Stacks” by Kristin Six 5
- 6. 6 Short History of Library Discovery
- 7. The Context for Open Discovery • Emergence of Library Discovery Services solu2ons – Based on index of a wide range of content – Commercial and open access content – Primary journal literature, ebooks, as well as more general web content • Adopted by thousands of libraries around the world, and impact millions of users • Research poin2ng to increased library usage when discovery systems are implemented 7
- 8. The Context for Open Discovery It’s all great except for …. lack of clarity about how index discovery providers and content providers should interact data exchange and copyright concerns concerns about ranking algorithms concerns about bias of various sources in results 8
- 9. TRUST Any good business rela2onship is based upon trust 9
- 10. TRUST… But Verify • hUp://xkcd.com/285/ 10
- 11. Standards for Community PracFce • Standards can be used to: – Make sure things work together – Ensure things are done the same way – Help people understand what/how to do something – Understand what consumers are geng – Build trust among suppliers and consumers 11
- 12. ODI -‐ Open Disc overy IniFaFve
- 13. Balance of ConsFtuents Libraries Service Providers 13 Marshall Breeding, Independent Consultant Jamene Brooks-Kieffer, Kansas State University Laura Morse, Harvard University Ken Varnum, University of Michigan Sara Brownmiller, University of Oregon Lucy Harrison, Florida Virtual Campus (D2D liaison/observer) Michele Newberry, Independent Publishers Lettie Conrad, SAGE Publications Jeff Lang, Thomson Reuters Linda Beebe, American Psychological Assoc Aaron Wood, Alexander Street Press Roger Schonfeld, JSTOR, Ithaka Jenny Walker, Independent Consultant John Law, Proquest Michael Gorrell, EBSCO Information Services David Lindahl, University of Rochester (XC) Jeff Penka, OCLC (D2D liaison/observer)
- 14. Subgroups • Technical recommenda2ons for data format and data transfer • Communica2on of library’s rights/descriptors regarding level of indexing • Defini2on of fair linking • Exchange of usage data 14
- 15. Out of Scope • ODI does not address issues related to performance or features of the discovery services • Inherently business and design decisions guided by compe22ve market forces. Including: User Interface Relevancy Ranking APIs exposed by discovery services Protocols for data exchange 15
- 16. Deliverables • Vocabulary • NISO Recommended Prac2ce for Content Providers: – Metadata elements provide to Discovery Services – Metadata Elements provided to Libraries – Disclosure – Technical Formats • NISO Recommended Prac2ce for Discovery Service Providers: – Discovery Service Content Lis2ng – Linking – File Formats and Methods of Transfer – Usage sta2s2cs • Educa2on Adop2on • Conformance Checklists 16
- 17.
- 18. ODI Metadata from content providers to library
- 19. ODI Metadata to discovery providers
- 20. ODI Metadata from DSP to Library
- 21. Recommended Metrics •Recommended Metrics Provided to Content Providers Total number of searches Result clicks Total number of click-‐throughs • Recommended Metrics Provided to Libraries Total number of searches per month Total number of unique visitors per month Total number of click-‐throughs per month Top 500 search queries for the last period Top 100 referring URLs to discovery service in last period 21
- 22. Disclosure Annual repor2ng requirements: • Discovery service providers should offer an affirma2ve statement of the neutrality of their algorithms • Discovery service providers should explain business connec2ons with content providers Licenses or contracts should not include non-‐ disclosure agreements and similar arrangements in order to enable transparency regarding any possible bias 22
- 23. Awareness Some of the issues with indexed discovery systems are technical, some are social, some are simply setup issues. But not every problem is technical. 23
- 24. More informaFon NISO just formed the Open Discovery Ini2a2ve Standing CommiUee www.niso.org/workrooms/odi/ 24
- 25. Thank you! ToddCarpenter Executive Director [email protected] @TAC_NISO National Information Standards Organization (NISO) 3600 Clipper Mill Road, Suite 302 Baltimore, MD 21211 USA +1 (301) 654-2512 www.niso.org November 6, 2014 25