ELIMINATION_ppt_file.pptx
- 1. ELIMINATION
- 2. ELIMINATION • Elimination is the complete removal destruction of something. OR • The expulsion of waste from body is known as elimination.
- 3. • It is also known as defecation. Bowel elimination is a natural process critical to human functioning in which body excretes waste products of digestion. It is a essential component of the healthy body function. OR • Defection (bowel elimination) is the act of expelling faces (stool) from the anus and rectum. It is also called bowel movement DEFINITION
- 4. • GI tract also known as alimantry canal. It is a hollow muscular tube that extend from the mouth to the anus •Food is broken down in the stomach in to a semiliquid mass is called chyme. •chyme leaves the stomach and enter into the small intestine which is devided into three part I.e. Duodenum (10 inches long. Receive bile and pancreatic enzyme), jejunum (it mixes with digestive enzyme and most nutrients are absorbed) and ileum (unabosorbed chyme enters in the intestine through ileum). •Through large intestine and colon chyme expel out from REVIEW OF PHYSIOLOGY OF BOWEL ELIMINATION
- 5. 1. Water 75%. 2. Solid 25%. a) Solidify components of the digestive juices, undigested fibers(e.g cellulose) which is insoluble,act as bowl irritant, draws water out into lumen, cleans out lower GIT and is correlated with lower risk of colon cancer. b) Dead bacteria (20%). C) Fat (10-20%). d) Inorganic materials(10-20%). e) Undigested protein (2-3%). COMPOSITION
- 6. CHARACTERISTICS OF NORMAL STOOL VOLUME :- Aprox 250-400ml NORMAL COLOUR :- Adult :- Infant :- COSISTTENCY :- Formed,soft,semisolid and moist. SHAPE :- Cylindrical shape NORMA AMMOUNT :- varies with dait (about 100to 400g per day ODOUR :- Aromatic
- 7. FACTORS AFFECTING BOWEL ELIMINATION 1. Age and development 2. Daily pattern 3. Life style (High fat diet) 4. Medication 5. Pain 6. Diagnostic procedures, surgery and anaesthesia 7. Activities and Muscle Tone 8. Psychological factors (Emotional stress)
- 8. FACTORS PROMATING BOWEL ELIMINATION ● Strees free environment ● High fiber diet ● Normal fluid intake ● Exercise (squatting position) ● Laxative
- 9. COMMON PROBLEMS IN BOWEL ELIMINATION 1. Constipation 2. Fecal impact 3. Diarrhea 4. Fecal incontinence 5. Flatulence
- 10. CONCEPTION 01 Conception is an elimination problem characterizes by small,dry,hard stool that is difficult to pass or the passage of no stool for a period of time. The causes are irregular defecation habit, inappropriate diet, insufficient fluid or exercise. Verious signs symptoms include the following: 1. Complaints of rectal fullness or pressure 2. Pain on defecation 3. Abdominal distention
- 11. FECAL IMPACTION 02 Fecal impaction is a mass or collection of hardness stool that is stuck in the rectum or lower colon due to prolonged retention and accumulation of fecal material,poor defecation habits. It in that people who have been constipated for a long time.
- 12. DIARRHEA 03 Diarrhea is the direct passage of water liquid stool and commonly is accompanied by abdominal crimping. It is an increased frequency of defecation. Simply diarrhea usually, Diarrhea is a means of eliminating an irritating substance such as tainted food or intestinal pathogens.
- 13. FECAL INCONTINENCE 04 Fecal incontinence refers to loss of voluntary ability to control fecal and gaseous discharge through the anal sphincter or inability to control the explosion of faces. The causes are spinal card trauma and tumors of the external sphincter muscle.
- 14. FLATULENCE 05 Flatulence is the presence of excess air/gas in the intestine which leads to stretching and inflation of the intestine (intestinal distension). Air or gas in the gastrointestinal tract is called flatus.