Global positioning system ppt
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GPS uses a constellation of 24 satellites orbiting Earth to provide location and time information to GPS receivers. The satellites circle the planet every 12 hours across multiple orbital planes inclined at 55 degrees to the equator, ensuring signals from 8-10 satellites are visible from any point on Earth. GPS receivers triangulate their position by measuring the time delay of signals from 3 or more satellites, determining distance based on the time required for signals to travel. Factors like ionosphere delays, multipath signals, and satellite geometry can introduce errors, but parallel channel receivers maintain locks on satellites to provide accuracy within 15 meters.
Global positioning system ppt
- 1. GLOBAL POSITIONING INTRODUCTION SYSTEM BYRAMGIRWAR SWAPNIL & GADA HARSH, M.E.S.C.O.E., Pune.
- 2. What is GPS??? 24 Satellite constellation Satellites orbit the earth in 12 hrs. 6 orbital planes inclined at 55 degrees with the equator. This constellation provides 8 to 10 satellites from any point on the earth.
- 4. Satellites are located 12000 miles above earth. 5 ground stations manage & monitor the constellation. It offers two types of levels of service : 1. SPS (Standard Positioning) 2. PPS (Precise Positioning)
- 6. Basis of GPS technology is precise time & position information. It is accomplished through atomic clocks & location data.
- 7. HOW IT WORKS??? GPS receiver receives these signals from three or more satellites. With this it determines the user position. Firstly it measures time interval between transmission & reception of satellite signals. On the basis of this it calculates the distance between the user & satellites. For 2-D fix, 3 satellites & for 3-D fix 4 satellites are required.
- 9. ELEGANT CONVERGENCE Due its precise & stable frequency signals its used as synchronization sources for various applications. GPS was designed to minimize its vulnerability and make the satellites extremely difficult to reach. And its scope was expanded to include civil applications as well.
- 10. ACCURACY OF GPS GPS receivers are accurate to within 15 meters. Due to parallel multi channel design receivers are extremely accurate. 12 parallel channel receivers lock onto the satellites. These locks are maintained even in dense foliage and urban buildings.
- 11. SATELLITE SYSTEM
- 12. SATELLITE SYSTEM Satellites are traveling at speed of roughly 7000 miles per hour. They are powered by solar energy. They have backup batteries onboard to keep them running in the absence of solar power. Small rocket boosters keep them flying in the correct path.
- 13. SOURCES OF ERRORS Ionosphere & troposphere delays Signal multipath Receiver clock errors Orbital errors Satellite geometry No. of satellites visible
- 15. CONCLUSIONS Applications of GPS are growing. Cost of receivers is dropping & accuracy is improving.