谷歌ADK接入文件操作MCP

原创于 2025-08-12 16:27:07 发布 · 902 阅读

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文章目录

MCP基础概念
文件操作服务器
文件操作MCP接入谷歌ADK
- 项目创建
- 多轮对话代码

MCP基础概念

MCP技术体系中，会将外部工具运行脚本称作服务器，而接入这些外部工具的大模型运行环境称作客户端。
一个客户端可以接入多个不同类型的服务器，但都要遵循MCP通信协议。
MCP服务器的输出内容是一种标准格式的内容，只能被MCP客户端所识别。在客户端和服务器都遵循MCP协议的时候，客户端就能够像Function calling中大模型调用外部工具一样，调用MCP服务器里面的工具。
将ADK作为客户端，接入MCP工具。核心MCPToolset类，该类是ADK连接到MCP服务器的桥梁。
在实际过程中，ADK代理将执行以下操作MCPToolset：
1. 连接：与MCP服务器进程建立连接。该服务器可以是通过标准输入/输出 ( StdioServerParameters ) 进行通信的本地服务器，也可以是使用服务器发送事件 ( SseServerParams ) 的远程服务器。
2. 发现：查询MCP服务器以获取可用工具（list_tools MCP 方法）。
3. 适应：将MCP工具模式转换为ADK兼容BaseTool实例。
4. 公开：将这些适配的工具呈现给ADK Agent。
5. 代理调用：当Agent决定使用其中一个工具时，发到MCP服务器并返回结果。MCPToolset将调用（call_tool MCP方法）转
6. 管理连接：处理与MCP服务器进程的连接的生命周期，通常需要明确清理的周期（如进程结束后清理）。

文件操作服务器

Filesystem服务器是一个最基础同时也是最常用的MCP服务器，同时也是官方推荐的服务器，服务器项目地址。

文件操作MCP接入谷歌ADK

项目创建

项目框架搭建：

# 初始化项目
uv init adk_mcp
# 进入项目目录
cd adk_mcp
# 创建虚拟环境
uv venv
# 激活虚拟环境
.venv\Scripts\activate
# 安装依赖
uv add google-adk litellm

创建环境配置文件.env：

OPENAI_API_KEY=xxx
OPENAI_API_BASE=https://api.openai-hk.com/v1
MODEL=openai/gpt-4o-mini

创建main.py，代码内容如下：

# 导入基础库
import os
import asyncio
from dotenv import load_dotenv
from google.genai import types
from google.adk.agents import Agent
from google.adk.models.lite_llm import LiteLlm
from google.adk.agents.llm_agent import LlmAgent
from google.adk.runners import Runner
from google.adk.sessions import InMemorySessionService
from google.adk.tools.mcp_tool.mcp_toolset import MCPToolset, StdioServerParameters,StdioConnectionParams

DS_API_KEY = os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY")
DS_BASE_URL = os.getenv("OPENAI_API_BASE")
DS_MODEL = os.getenv("MODEL")

model = LiteLlm(
    model=DS_MODEL,
    api_base=DS_BASE_URL,
    api_key=DS_API_KEY
)

# --- Step 1: 创建导入MCP工具函数 ---
async def get_tools_async():
    """Gets tools from the File System MCP Server."""
    print("Attempting to connect to MCP Filesystem server...")

    # 确保目录存在
    test_dir = "D:\\Code\\adk_mcp\\test"
    if not os.path.exists(test_dir):
        os.makedirs(test_dir)
        print(f"Created directory: {test_dir}")

    try:
        # 创建MCP工具集实例
        mcp_toolset = MCPToolset(
            # 这里采用Studio通信方式进行调用
            connection_params=StdioConnectionParams(
                server_params=StdioServerParameters(
                    command='npx',
                    args=["-y", "@modelcontextprotocol/server-filesystem", test_dir],
                )
            )
        )

        # 等待服务器启动
        await asyncio.sleep(2)

        # 获取工具列表
        tools = await mcp_toolset.get_tools()
        print("MCP Toolset created successfully.")
        print(f"Fetched {len(tools)} tools from MCP server.")
        # 返回工具和工具集对象用于清理
        return tools, mcp_toolset
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Error creating MCP tools: {e}")
        raise

# --- Step 2: 创建ADK Agent --
async def get_agent_async():
    """Creates an ADK Agent equipped with tools from the MCP Server."""
    try:
        tools, mcp_toolset = await get_tools_async()
        root_agent = Agent(
            model=model,
            name='filesystem_assistant',
            instruction='Help user interact with the local filesystem using available tools.',
            tools=tools,  # 将MCP工具加载到Agent中
        )
        return root_agent, mcp_toolset
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Error creating agent: {e}")
        raise

# --- Step 3: 执行主逻辑 ---
async def async_main():
    mcp_toolset = None
    try:
        # 创建会话管理器
        session_service = InMemorySessionService()
        session = await session_service.create_session(
            state={}, app_name='mcp_filesystem_app', user_id='user_fs'
        )
        # 用户输入
        query = "请帮我查找目前文件夹里都有哪些文件？"
        print(f"User Query: '{query}'")
        content = types.Content(role='user', parts=[types.Part(text=query)])

        root_agent, mcp_toolset = await get_agent_async()

        runner = Runner(
            app_name='mcp_filesystem_app',
            agent=root_agent,
            session_service=session_service,
        )
        print("Running agent...")
        events_async = runner.run_async(
            session_id=session.id, user_id=session.user_id, new_message=content
        )

        async for event in events_async:
            print(f"Event received: {event}")

    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Error during main execution: {e}")
        raise
    finally:
        # 运行完成后，关闭MCP服务器连接
        if mcp_toolset:
            print("Closing MCP server connection...")
            await mcp_toolset.close()
            print("Cleanup complete.")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    try:
        asyncio.run(async_main())
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"An error occurred: {e}")

执行结果如下：

(adk_mcp) D:\Code\adk_mcp>uv run main.py
D:\Code\adk_mcp\.venv\Lib\site-packages\pydantic\_internal\_fields.py:198: UserWarning: Field name "config_type" in "SequentialAgent" shadows an attribute in parent "BaseAgent"
  warnings.warn(
User Query: '请帮我查找目前文件夹里都有哪些文件？'
Attempting to connect to MCP Filesystem server...
D:\Code\adk_mcp\.venv\Lib\site-packages\google\adk\tools\mcp_tool\mcp_tool.py:87: UserWarning: [EXPERIMENTAL] BaseAuthenticatedTool: This feature is experimental and may change or be removed in future versions without notice. It may introduce breaking changes at any time.
  super().__init__(
auth_config or auth_config.auth_scheme is missing. Will skip authentication.Using FunctionTool instead if authentication is not required.
MCP Toolset created successfully.
Fetched 14 tools from MCP server.
Running agent...
Event received: content=Content(
  parts=[
    Part(
      text="""首先，我需要确定您当前的工作目录位置。由于您没有指定具体路径，我将先获取允许访问的目录列表：

"""
    ),
    Part(
      function_call=FunctionCall(
        args={},
        id='call_5201be00eeb24a989be18f',
        name='list_allowed_directories'
      )
    ),
  ],
  role='model'
) grounding_metadata=None partial=False turn_complete=None error_code=None error_message=None interrupted=None custom_metadata=None usage_metadata=GenerateContentResponseUsageMetadata(
  candidates_token_count=627,
  prompt_token_count=1806,
  total_token_count=2433
) live_session_resumption_update=None invocation_id='e-1710d865-f562-4895-ae06-4a3f0155c138' author='filesystem_assistant' actions=EventActions(skip_summarization=None, state_delta={}, artifact_delta={}, transfer_to_agent=None, escalate=None, requested_auth_configs={}) long_running_tool_ids=set() branch=None id='71634100-b10a-4a81-b779-f34f52df12eb' timestamp=1754979735.932518
Event received: content=Content(
  parts=[
    Part(
      function_response=FunctionResponse(
        id='call_5201be00eeb24a989be18f',
        name='list_allowed_directories',
        response={
          'result': CallToolResult(
            content=[
              <... Max depth ...>,
            ],
            isError=False
          )
        }
      )
    ),
  ],
  role='user'
) grounding_metadata=None partial=None turn_complete=None error_code=None error_message=None interrupted=None custom_metadata=None usage_metadata=None live_session_resumption_update=None invocation_id='e-1710d865-f562-4895-ae06-4a3f0155c138' author='filesystem_assistant' actions=EventActions(skip_summarization=None, state_delta={}, artifact_delta={}, transfer_to_agent=None, escalate=None, requested_auth_configs={}) long_running_tool_ids=None branch=None id='00b7f823-5a66-493d-95bd-55ee93466fc2' timestamp=1754979761.37467
Event received: content=Content(
  parts=[
    Part(
      text="""根据系统配置，允许访问的目录是 `D:\Code\adk_mcp\test`。我将列出该目录下的文件：

"""
    ),
    Part(
      function_call=FunctionCall(
        args={
          'path': 'D:\\Code\\adk_mcp\\test'
        },
        id='call_2f66909ac2054847b6f9d3',
        name='list_directory'
      )
    ),
  ],
  role='model'
) grounding_metadata=None partial=False turn_complete=None error_code=None error_message=None interrupted=None custom_metadata=None usage_metadata=GenerateContentResponseUsageMetadata(
  candidates_token_count=1105,
  prompt_token_count=1906,
  total_token_count=3011
) live_session_resumption_update=None invocation_id='e-1710d865-f562-4895-ae06-4a3f0155c138' author='filesystem_assistant' actions=EventActions(skip_summarization=None, state_delta={}, artifact_delta={}, transfer_to_agent=None, escalate=None, requested_auth_configs={}) long_running_tool_ids=set() branch=None id='39358200-064d-478e-90f6-ab0855f13ec4' timestamp=1754979761.380695
Event received: content=Content(
  parts=[
    Part(
      function_response=FunctionResponse(
        id='call_2f66909ac2054847b6f9d3',
        name='list_directory',
        response={
          'result': CallToolResult(
            content=[
              <... Max depth ...>,
            ],
            isError=False
          )
        }
      )
    ),
  ],
  role='user'
) grounding_metadata=None partial=None turn_complete=None error_code=None error_message=None interrupted=None custom_metadata=None usage_metadata=None live_session_resumption_update=None invocation_id='e-1710d865-f562-4895-ae06-4a3f0155c138' author='filesystem_assistant' actions=EventActions(skip_summarization=None, state_delta={}, artifact_delta={}, transfer_to_agent=None, escalate=None, requested_auth_configs={}) long_running_tool_ids=None branch=None id='2d1197f7-c81d-41a5-9fc5-15652c50fa7e' timestamp=1754979803.754635
Event received: content=Content(
  parts=[
    Part(
      text="""当前目录 `D:\Code\adk_mcp\test` 中的文件如下：

- 📄 **系统架构设计师教程_带目录高清版.pdf**"""
    ),
  ],
  role='model'
) grounding_metadata=None partial=False turn_complete=None error_code=None error_message=None interrupted=None custom_metadata=None usage_metadata=GenerateContentResponseUsageMetadata(
  candidates_token_count=128,
  prompt_token_count=2021,
  total_token_count=2149
) live_session_resumption_update=None invocation_id='e-1710d865-f562-4895-ae06-4a3f0155c138' author='filesystem_assistant' actions=EventActions(skip_summarization=None, state_delta={}, artifact_delta={}, transfer_to_agent=None, escalate=None, requested_auth_configs={}) long_running_tool_ids=None branch=None id='15fdd91c-e645-46fe-a613-76e1f28323c5' timestamp=1754979803.761915
Closing MCP server connection...
Cleanup complete.

多轮对话代码

以下代码是main.py的多轮对话的版本：

# 导入基础库
import os
import asyncio
from dotenv import load_dotenv
from google.genai import types
from google.adk.agents import Agent
from google.adk.models.lite_llm import LiteLlm
from google.adk.agents.llm_agent import LlmAgent
from google.adk.runners import Runner
from google.adk.sessions import InMemorySessionService
from google.adk.tools.mcp_tool.mcp_toolset import MCPToolset, StdioServerParameters,StdioConnectionParams

DS_API_KEY = os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY")
DS_BASE_URL = os.getenv("OPENAI_API_BASE")
DS_MODEL = os.getenv("MODEL")

model = LiteLlm(
    model=DS_MODEL,
    api_base=DS_BASE_URL,
    api_key=DS_API_KEY
)

# --- Step 1: 创建导入MCP工具函数 ---
async def get_tools_async():
    """Gets tools from the File System MCP Server."""
    print("Attempting to connect to MCP Filesystem server...")

    # 确保目录存在
    test_dir = "D:\\Code\\adk_mcp\\test"
    if not os.path.exists(test_dir):
        os.makedirs(test_dir)
        print(f"Created directory: {test_dir}")

    try:
        # 创建MCP工具集实例
        mcp_toolset = MCPToolset(
            # 这里采用Studio通信方式进行调用
            connection_params=StdioConnectionParams(
                server_params=StdioServerParameters(
                    command='npx',  # Command to run the server
                    args=["-y",  # Arguments for the command
                          "@modelcontextprotocol/server-filesystem",
                          test_dir],
                )
            )
        )

        # 等待服务器启动
        await asyncio.sleep(2)

        # 获取工具列表
        tools = await mcp_toolset.get_tools()
        print("MCP Toolset created successfully.")
        print(f"Fetched {len(tools)} tools from MCP server.")
        # 返回工具和工具集对象用于清理
        return tools, mcp_toolset
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Error creating MCP tools: {e}")
        raise

# --- Step 2: 创建ADK Agent --
async def get_agent_async():
    """Creates an ADK Agent equipped with tools from the MCP Server."""
    try:
        tools, mcp_toolset = await get_tools_async()
        root_agent = Agent(
            model=model,
            name='filesystem_assistant',
            instruction='Help user interact with the local filesystem using available tools.',
            tools=tools,  # 将MCP工具加载到Agent中
        )
        return root_agent, mcp_toolset
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Error creating agent: {e}")
        raise

# 多轮对话函数
async def chat_loop(runner, user_id, session_id) -> None:
    print("\n🤖ADK + MCP对话已启动！输入'quit'退出。")
    while True:
        query = input("\n你: ").strip()
        if query.lower() == "quit":
            break
        try:
            print(f"\n>>> User Query: {query}")
            # Prepare the user's message in ADK format
            content = types.Content(role='user', parts=[types.Part(text=query)])
            final_response_text = "Agent did not produce a final response."  # Default

            # Key Concept: run_async executes the agent logic and yields Events.
            # We iterate through events to find the final answer.
            async for event in runner.run_async(user_id=user_id,
                                                session_id=session_id, new_message=content):
                # You can uncomment the line below to see *all* events during execution
                # print(f"  [Event] Author: {event.author}, Type:{type(event).__name__}, Final: {event.is_final_response()}, Content:{event.content}")
                # Key Concept: is_final_response() marks the concluding message for the turn.
                if event.is_final_response():
                    if event.content and event.content.parts:
                        # Assuming text response in the first part
                        final_response_text = event.content.parts[0].text
                    elif event.actions and event.actions.escalate:  # Handle potential errors / escalations
                        final_response_text = f"Agent escalated:{event.error_message or 'No specific message.'}"
                    # Add more checks here if needed (e.g., specific error codes)
                    break

            print(f"<<< Agent Response: {final_response_text}")
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"\n⚠调用过程出错: {e}")

# --- Step 3: 执行主逻辑 ---
async def async_main():
    mcp_toolset = None
    try:
        # 创建会话管理器
        session_service = InMemorySessionService()
        session = await session_service.create_session(
            state={}, app_name='mcp_filesystem_app', user_id='user_fs'
        )
        # 用户输入
        query = "请帮我查找目前文件夹里都有哪些文件？"
        print(f"User Query: '{query}'")
        content = types.Content(role='user', parts=[types.Part(text=query)])

        root_agent, mcp_toolset = await get_agent_async()

        runner = Runner(
            app_name='mcp_filesystem_app',
            agent=root_agent,
            session_service=session_service,
        )
        print("Running agent...")
        events_async = runner.run_async(
            session_id=session.id, user_id=session.user_id, new_message=content
        )

        async for event in events_async:
            print(f"Event received: {event}")

        # 启动多轮对话
        await chat_loop(runner, session.user_id, session.id)

    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Error during main execution: {e}")
        raise
    finally:
        # 运行完成后，关闭MCP服务器连接
        if mcp_toolset:
            print("Closing MCP server connection...")
            await mcp_toolset.close()
            print("Cleanup complete.")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    try:
        asyncio.run(async_main())
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"An error occurred: {e}")