Wikipedia's reliable sources page is a house built on a tissue of lies.
I'm not doing a lot, just thinking critically. I'm going to argue against silly claims. Even if you don't care about this, discussions about what the archeological record can show us and its limits are interesting by themselves.You're doing a lot to defend this view and claim it's valid, but it's begging the question, do we have ANY reason to believe these events happened, in any form. We don't seem to. Excuses aren't evidence, they're an admission of it's absence. The default assumption is there is no "lost culture".
I'm not sure what pyramids have to do with this. I think you are mixing up something else with the biblical story.There are famously no contemporary Egyptian records of the exodus. We do know the Egyptians were nigh on obsessive about recording anything and everything they could. Most of those records were on papyrus scrolls, so few of them survive. But, something like a significant fraction of the population just packing up and leaving should leave some trace somewhere; and surely not only in Egyptian records, but stories from other places, too.
The "best" explanation I could get for this is that there was a conspiracy of silence in Egypt about this. That's about as realistic as any other conspiracy theory.
The most likely explanation is that the exodus, as described, did not happen and that the Jews did not, in fact, build pyramids* in Egypt. Or anything else, either, having never lived there in any significant numbers.
*It's probably inconvenient that no-one built pyramids in the New Kingdom, but inconvenient facts are regularly ignored by conspiracists.
Yup, and that's literally something a huge number of Christians claim much be correct "Because The Bible Says So". There is absolutely no chance of that many people not leaving some trace at some place. The various sources of water are extremely well documented and studied. If even 1 million people spent a single day at one, there would have been significant detritus left in a midden, if not more than one. The idea that multiple millions somehow left absolutely no trace whatsoever is absurd.Sorry, what, millions? Wow. I just spent some time reading various "scholarly analyses". That is indeed the claim – up to 6 million. Which, funnily enough, is more than the rather more seriously estimated population of all of Egypt during the New Kingdom period.
If I were Rameses and all my citizens and slaves etc. just upped and left, I'd be a bit miffed, too, and might also take my much larger army to pursue ... oh, wait.
Something's off with the maths. Either that, or the population of Egypt then was the same as now.
That may be true in many instances but at this time and in that place, it's quite possible to differentiate between cultures in the archaeological record when there's enough of it. Millions of people would leave sufficient trash alone that we could tell. Things such as the specific species consumed and not consumed, for example, may as well be a dated receipt from a grocery store. Heck, for that matter, we literally find such documentation of purchases in middens, for that matter!Differences in material culture show up in archeology, but material culture is not necessarily enough to differentiate different groups that are living relatively closely together. There is no reason to think that there would be a clear difference here.
Yeah but, again, this is a discussion about how a lot of Christians claim the Bible cannot err in any respect whatsoever and thus 6 million people wandered that area for literally 40 years. These Christians literally believe that happened and have spent likely millions of dollars but I know for a fact it's hundreds of thousands of dollars funding searches for the evidence to prove it.Who says that there were millions of people? That is your assumption. Like other historical texts, that the head counts involved could be wildly exaggerated or were never intended to be taken literally.
In point of fact, the general assumption is it was a lot less complicated and extra details accreted over time as the story was told. That's how such things actually tend to go.You can assume that if the events are real, what really occurred is almost certainly much more complicated than what we get out of the Old Testament.
Bullshit. There's simply no evidence of it ever happening at all, from any one of several distinct cultures which left separate well documented records in addition to the archaeological record. The reality is that this is almost certainly a myth that developed to explain the whole "We remember were freed from Egypt but don't know what that meant" thing once the area ended up back in a less organized state without a king to speak of. This kind of thing happened several times through actual history but these folks didn't exactly have a nation as we'd think of it now until quite late.There are a couple big reasons to think that the exodus story is rooted in actual history.
The question is not just if it happened, but what parts of the story are accurate.
- From other cultures, we know that oral histories often do preserve real historical events that occurred.
- Other parts of these texts that were not part of the oral traditions do include real historical events.
Egypt left very detailed records of things such as large groups moving around, though. Heck, we have a bunch of records from there when just several hundred people moved to a new area! The idea that any large group of people were freed and left along with a shitload of livestock is simply absurd. That would absolutely have not only been described in some manner but the gap in livestock would be noted. This is one of the most-studied areas of the world, archaeologically speaking, and we can identify trends in livestock over the course of years pretty well because their bones tended to survive in some parts of the area.we do not see any record in the records from the time, so that likely indicates the event was not nearly so dramatic or as impactful for Egypt as indicated.
Yeah, which is what I've been fucking saying! I'm not the one arguing for it. You're preaching to the choir here.Also, given that it is rooted in an oral history that was written down, we have to assume that it evolved in some way. You may want to consider it as similar to The Iliad in some ways.
There's no way to silence the record of the livestock and such, though. That's what so many don't seem to understand about this. There are multiple different lines of evidence which would have been left if any of that happened even close to how it's claimed. It most certainly did not happen. Heck, there are even a fair number of Jewish people I know personally who say that, even, and they're generally fine with that because whether it happened or not is irrelevant to their culture now as far as they're concerned. The only folks who need for it to have happened are those who claim the Bible is unable to be wrong.The "best" explanation I could get for this is that there was a conspiracy of silence in Egypt about this. That's about as realistic as any other conspiracy theory.
There almost certainly wouldn't have been millions of people involved with this sort of migration.That may be true in many instances but at this time and in that place, it's quite possible to differentiate between cultures in the archaeological record when there's enough of it. Millions of people would leave sufficient trash alone that we could tell. Things such as the specific species consumed and not consumed, for example, may as well be a dated receipt from a grocery store. Heck, for that matter, we literally find such documentation of purchases in middens, for that matter!
Only a few Christians who believe that. On top of that, those aren't the groups that have had the resources to fund archeological expeditions to the Levant. Most of those would have received funding and money from more mainstream denominations. The entire field of archeology in this region at one point was centered around biblical sites.Yeah but, again, this is a discussion about how a lot of Christians claim the Bible cannot err in any respect whatsoever and thus 6 million people wandered that area for literally 40 years. These Christians literally believe that happened and have spent likely millions of dollars but I know for a fact it's hundreds of thousands of dollars funding searches for the evidence to prove it.
I was talking about the more factual information that was slowly dropped from stories. Almost certainly at one point there would have been more facts and details in the story, especially during the first few generations. In the case of exodus, there aren't a lot of details about what they were doing for years while they "wandered" in the desert. Things you might want to know.In point of fact, the general assumption is it was a lot less complicated and extra details accreted over time as the story was told. That's how such things actually tend to go.
Almost as much as they hate facts and the truth.Republicans really do hate free speech.
You might have that experience but it's absolutely not the general usage among those who believe that. I was quite literally raised by an evangelical lunatic who forced me to attend the sorts of churches that teaches this kind of thing. It is the norm in evangelical circles and has been spreading into what many consider mainstream denominations for decades. These people believe that every single word is exactly correct and cannot have been mistranslated because their god wouldn't have allowed that to happen. They literally say so in as many words when called on it, too. This isn't a fringe belief as you're claiming. It's pretty much the norm now in
Not off the top of my head and my notes are all in storage. My recollection is it's dated as far back as ~1000 - 1200 BCE, though. This sort of thing is documented via animal bones as well as carbonized remains of various plants they ate. There are fairly distinct differences between them and their close neighbors such as Phoenicia & Ugarit in terms of crops and even animals consumed. IIRC, one interesting tidbit was there was fairly high consumption of non-kosher fish right up to the 1st century BCE or thereabouts, so some aspects seem to have been in flux up until pretty recently.Do you know if at that point and time there would have been differences in what animals were being eaten between the two groups?
Right but it's more than just pigs. It's a mix of grains and particular animals as well as shellfish.We know it is true later on, but was it true at this time? You can't always assume, for instance that pork was always disallowed in this group.
This is true but there are some fairly significant differences in the textile remains which have been found as well, although those sorts of things tend to be very rare finds so I don't know that anyone would try to extrapolate it to the whole region. One aspect of material culture which would have been quite obvious, though, is the gold and silver which was supposedly given to the Israelites as they were leaving Egypt. There is no sudden increase in the sorts of things they'd have made with this anywhere in what would have been Canaan nor is there a corresponding decrease of it in Egypt. These sorts of changes have happened at other times, usually associated with various collapses, but there's absolutely nothing that would correspond to even thousands of people leaving.Different groups do not necessarily have different material culture that will show up in the archeology. Material culture can also migrate without mass population migrations. We are also finding that when people more to an area that sometimes they adopt the local material culture.
This is just plain incorrect, though. The most recent numbers I saw were pre-pandemic, somewhere around 2013 or so IIRC, and the number of those whose denomination explicitly teaches this as a matter of doctrine was over 100 million individuals. That's a third of the US population! "A few" my ass, dude.Only a few Christians who believe that.
The Green family and others of their level of wealth, for example, funds this sort of shit heavily. So do a huge number of tiny "independent" churches, though. They do it via meeting locally and gathering donations so it doesn't show up on crowdfunding sites historically but they absolutely do it. My own mother was very involved in this stuff for decades.On top of that, those aren't the groups that have had the resources to fund archeological expeditions to the Levant.
Yeah and despite literally having examined tens of thousands of sites in the desert area, they've found diddly shit. These are people who exaggerate claims or just lie about them all the time. You don't think they'd have been literally trumpeting it to the heavens if they found anything in that area which might sort of support their ideas?The entire field of archeology in this region at one point was centered around biblical sites.
Yeah, they absolutely do. That's why this sort of thing happens.I'm sure that the more fundamentalist side has spent a ton of money on it, but they've likely spent it on far less academic aspects. Instead, you often get stunts and propaganda related things like the ark museum. They're not funding someone to go out and search for the next Dead Sea scrolls.
This is both slightly correct and just plain wrong at the same time. Sure, over time, some details tend to be lost. Those are usually details like the name of a person involved, though. The other details which accreted are in no way limited only to religion. They were religious in nature in many respects, to be sure, but that was largely to consolidate control by various individuals and groups, such as during Hezekiah's reign when he consolidated worship in Jerusalem instead of allowing it to be done in smaller shrines around the region. He did this by claiming to have found a book of the law in the temple. It is, of course, merely coincidental that this "found" book aligned perfectly with Hezekiah's interests. (Giant /s there in case it isn't obvious.)I was talking about the more factual information that was slowly dropped from stories. Almost certainly at one point there would have been more facts and details in the story, especially during the first few generations. In the case of exodus, there aren't a lot of details about what they were doing for years while they "wandered" in the desert. Things you might want to know.
The extra details that accreted likely are related to the religious purpose of the story.
Jesus Christ, dude, of fucking course I know that! That's why I pointed out that evangelicals make up a third of the US population! This isn't something I'm saying is the norm because I saw it as a kid. It's the norm and I know it to be so because I have been trying to get people to pay attention to this problem for literally 36.5 of my nearly 54 years on this planet!You do realize that "I was raised by..." and ".
..that is the norm" don't logically follow, right? The Chicago Declaration folks just isn't as significant a population as you're saying.
THAT DOESN'T MAKE ALL OF THEM TRUE AND I'M TALKING ABOUT THE INACCURATE BITS!I recognize that you have deep religious trauma, and I'm sorry that happened; however, there is a LOT of biblical archaeology that indicates parts of some of the stories are true.
Evangelicals now make up a clear majority (55%) of all U.S. Protestants.
I'm not sure what pyramids have to do with this. I think you are mixing up something else with the biblical story.
Many of the more narrative records from Egypt are political propaganda from the government. This is of course true from a lot of the primary documents that survive from before the early modern period. You always have to consider who is speaking and what they may not be speaking because of that. Assuming that all major historical events are in these records is probably not a good assumption.
However, it is pretty obvious if the story is anchored in real historical events, it couldn't have been as impactful on the Egyptian state as the story implies. That almost certainly would have shown up somewhere in the records.
There are some who try to shift the entire dating system around to match them up, too. It's a whole heck of a lot of "See, you're all wrong because <insert scientifically absurd claim here>." The result would mean we have to literally rewrite huge portions of ancient history even beyond Egypt. Why beyond? Because we have multiple places where they had documented treaties with other nations which have also been corroborated in the archaeology of those nations' former territories. So to shift this stuff around would mean that not only did we screw up Egypt's history but all of the rest of the field is also way out of whack by multiple millennia as well. Which is just plain impossible to substantiate scientifically since we have solid radiometric dating in addition to the actual histories written in stone and such.Regarding the pyramids, I actually read claims that the Jews built or helped build them. Those claims are completely crazy, being more than 2000 years off, but they're there.
Jesus Christ, dude, of fucking course I know
Edit: You might want to find a copy of The Evangelicals: The Struggle to Shape America by Frances FitzGerald and read it. It's a primer, of sorts, on this kind of thing and honestly freaks a lot of folks out who were just blissfully unaware of how widespread this kind of thing has become.
Christians who believe the book is literally true don’t agree with each other about this (nor about much else, of course). They meet at BBQs to calmly discuss their different interpretations.Yup, and that's literally something a huge number of Christians claim much be correct "Because The Bible Says So". There is absolutely no chance of that many people not leaving some trace at some place. The various sources of water are extremely well documented and studied. If even 1 million people spent a single day at one, there would have been significant detritus left in a midden, if not more than one. The idea that multiple millions somehow left absolutely no trace whatsoever is absurd.
The Pew study was about how many there are, not the belief. The majority keep the inerrancy stuff relatively quiet because they know it makes them sound like lunatics. That doesn't change that this is a key part of evangelical doctrine.The Pew study doesn't say what you're alleging, though: it DOESN'T use "biblical literalist" as a marker for evangelical. Whatsoever. In fact, biblical literalist doesn't appear in that document at all.
Again, there are a lot of Catholics in the US who adhere more to the evangelical line than you'd think. I've met several of them personally. And the professional apologists literally use the same term when discussing it: inerrant.Even so: so, let's agree it's a problem. That still doesn't mean that the Catholic inerrancy and the "Evangelical" literalism are the same thing.
Sure but again, the historicity and inerrancy of the Bible are key components of evangelical belief. The ones who aren't YECs still try to handwave it away by, as seen in this very thread, claiming that words don't mean what they clearly mean in context and so forth. They negotiate with the text to get it to mean what they think it needs to mean, to be sure, but that doesn't change that the accuracy, inerrancy, or any other term applied to it is absent.That, and "Evangelical" is a huge group. Yes, there are parts of the Evangelical movement that are true YEC literalists, but there's some who aren't, as well.
Then maybe you should stop taking the side of those who are literally trying to destroy the US. I get nitpicking but there's been a lot more than that here, even after I clarified the Catholic stuff up. And I absolutely do not accept anyone trying to say I'm saying this because of traumas. That's pure hogwash.One Arsian to another: dude, we're on the same side.
They do so about how they interpret it, yes, but they still believe it to be correct in their preferred way. Which is, of course, a major part of the problem with these folks. They refuse to recognize reality.Christians who believe the book is literally true don’t agree with each other about this (nor about much else, of course). They meet at BBQs to calmly discuss their different interpretations.
The Pew study was about how many there are, not the belief. The majority keep the inerrancy stuff relatively quiet because they know it makes them sound like lunatics. That doesn't change that this is a key part of evangelical doctrine.
Again, there are a lot of Catholics in the US who adhere more to the evangelical line than you'd think. I've met several of them personally. And the professional apologists literally use the same term when discussing it: inerrant.
Sure but again, the historicity and inerrancy of the Bible are key components of evangelical belief. The ones who aren't YECs still try to handwave it away by, as seen in this very thread, claiming that words don't mean what they clearly mean in context and so forth. They negotiate with the text to get it to mean what they think it needs to mean, to be sure, but that doesn't change that the accuracy, inerrancy, or any other term applied to it is absent.
Then maybe you should stop taking the side of those who are literally trying to destroy the US. I get nitpicking but there's been a lot more than that here, even after I clarified the Catholic stuff up. And I absolutely do not accept anyone trying to say I'm saying this because of traumas. That's pure hogwash.
The 48 point font isn't anger. It's "how the F can you miss this point so many times in the same thread?"No, I'm not saying the rational component of your response is because of trauma. I'm saying that your 48 point type argument suggests that you're directing your anger in the wrong direction.
Again, though, even those who aren't YECs will handwave away the days in Genesis as meaning an unspecified long period, for example, even though no language expert in Hebrew of any sort, let alone ancient Hebrew, would say that's accurate. They do a really good job of looking quite reasonable in person. That's what's so insidious about this particular brand of Christian.And, look, my friend, I do a lot of interfaith work. I mean, mostly, we're feeding the hungry, not having deep debate about anything, but my experience with even the Primitive Baptist folks (they're a KJV only fundamentalist denomination) says that there aren't as many YECs as you suggested.
We're good. It's extremely frustrating to see so many blow past basic points is all. At a certain stage it starts to look as though those sorts are, in fact, apologists themselves. That doesn't seem to be you. Just try to do better at making sure you read what folks are saying. I often open a reply, type a response, and leave it for 15 minutes or so before rereading it to be sure I didn't miss something. There was a lot of kneejerk posting in response to me in here and while I'm used to it, what with P2025 ongoing, I'm no longer tolerating it. The bad actors are on the verge of kicking off a hot civil war as it is. We don't need it to become a crusade on top of that.A genuine question: what would let you walk away from this discussion feeling okay about it? What points need to be ceded? What beliefs validated? What can I say that would let you know that I believe you, am not invalidating your concerns, and largely share those concerns?
Howard Johnson's right!... The bad actors are on the verge of kicking off a hot civil war as it is. We don't need it to become a crusade on top of that.
Howard Johnson's right!
I'm with @orwelldesign here; just a bit lost. Is this in reference to something said about civil rights or something? I know Howard Johnsons were very progressive in general, even opposing segregation in the South and only having their restaurants segregated where legally obliged to. I'm not sure what else this may be in reference to, though.Howard Johnson's right!
Because it absolutely is.Because the beginning of this story is a Wikipedia editor saying the Daily Mail is "trash, pure and simple"
I’m sure this forum is where we’ll finally square the circle of religion v science, the main philosophical question we’ve been debating since the enlightenment.
This is absolutely not true, though, at least for the Catholics. You're not looking for the word "true" or "inerrant" to describe things. Most all denominations are going to say the bible is true and inerrant, including the Catholic Church itself. The word you're looking for is "literal." Just because you don't believe a text is figurative or metaphorical doesn't mean that you think it is false.
That is something that is primarily the domain of the fundamentalist evangelicals. This is why you have Catholic schools that teach evolution and the big bang, and evangelical ones that have those fun books where humans and dinosaurs lived together. It is also why evangelicals tend to eschew higher education, whereas Catholics do not.
The fundamentalists are certainly leading the spearhead of wanting the country to be a theocracy. But there are people from most all other denominations that are drawn to this thinking in disturbingly large numbers. I doubt most of them would be happy when it isn't their form of Christianity that is in charge.
Here's the problem when we try to draw the line on to which extent a believer must be literal or not before we decide that No True Scotsman does not apply to someone sufficiently removed from every core teaching of said religion; we literally end up rendering the words meaningless.
Can you claim to be a christian if you in fact do not truly believe in christ, his death, his resurrection, that he died for humanity's sins...all the pillars of faith said to define christianity? Or if you do not believe in the god of the old testament, his commandments, and so on? at that point it's like taking, say, a limestone wall, scribble "car" on it, and then trying to debate oil change, tire checking, and whether the gauges on the dashboard are properly calibrated against a backdrop where none of that makes much
Logically speaking, is No True Scotsman applicable or not if the one we're talking about is a native Brazilian who has no ancestry outside of south america, does not practice any habits from the UK in general and scotland least of all, and has no knowledge about the region save that it exists? I'm all for anyone's personal right to define themselves, but at some point words should have meaning.
And this is true even where religion is a culture, as can be argued that most secularized forms would be.
Since when are science and religion the only two domains of knowledge to exist? You are presenting a false dichotomy here, which twists the OP's argument. There are other paradigms to acquire knowledge and wisdom besides science and religion.
Ethics and morality aren't derived from science. Science is rather agnostic about the idea. Science can tell you what is, but it can't tell you if it is right or wrong. Just because something is natural and the way the world is, doesn't mean it is right.
As the OP mentioned, there are other paradigms such as philosophy that work in the domain of ethics and morality. So pretty explicitly refuting the words you're putting in their mouth.
You absolutely are twisting my words. I in no way meant "ethics can't apply to science," when what I said was "science doesn't apply to ethics." Science is not the right framework to consider what's ethical and what's not.
I mean... The Apostle's Creed and the Nicene Creed are 1500+ year old "this is what Christian beliefs are" documents.
One could argue that if you don't believe what's in those creeds, you aren't a Christian, or, if you are, a schismatic.
Of course, the more one reads the Bible as a text, the less some of modern Christianity makes sense: have no other gods before me is, lately, interpreted as "like money, or a warlord, or any form of idolatry" but textually, it's clear they were talking about other literal Gods -- Baal, Asherah, etc.
...
Also, it's a very recent development that we compartmentalize as much as we do now. Secular/ religious wasn't as clear a divide as we'd like it to be. Religion is a culture. But... almost inseparably so, at least during the time under discussion.
It could but it doesn't. Such long-term living leaves evidence in the archaeological record and there's been absolutely no such evidence found.
Regarding the pyramids, I actually read claims that the Jews built or helped build them. Those claims are completely crazy, being more than 2000 years off, but they're there.
As for political propaganda – I invite you to read the news today. The Egyptians were completely modern in that respect. I know about them defacing their own monuments because they mentioned the wrong pharaoh. Nothing new under the sun ... I mean Ammun ... sorry, Ra? it gets confusing.![]()
I'd argue it absolutely can. Logic is, in the end, a natural part of the scientific framework.
Ethics and morals are logical codifications of assumed premises. That human happiness is a positive quality is one such premise, for instance.
Yet this differs from religion in the regard that we can certainly empirically find a human to be happy or unhappy but the same can not be said about an alleged deity.
I must say I find it disconcerting to debate such with a person flying the Tzeentch serpent as their portrait.![]()
I'm quite sure Aristotles, Plato, Archimedes and Democritus might beg to differ. Philosophy, logic and science were incredibly intertwined in the thinkier bits of ancient history, but religion was kept very strictly as a complete standalone in most assumptions. Something which got no few philosphers in trouble in areas where priests held secular power
I've seriously spent hours trying to find this fracture line. That. That's it right there: "evangelical doctrine."The Pew study was about how many there are, not the belief. The majority keep the inerrancy stuff relatively quiet because they know it makes them sound like lunatics. That doesn't change that this is a key part of evangelical doctrine.
Keep telling yourself that. This is why you're losing elections. That's why we're probably seeing the end of democracy as we know it.We don’t call it the ‘Daily Fail’ for nothing, mate. It’s only suitable for lining the bottom of bird cages.
I'm still having a hard time imagining the scientific method applied to ethics. Sure, let's assume that human happiness is good. Mine? Yours? My family? Your family? The neighbors ?The tribe? The nation? The aligned? (NATO might be a good proxy?) The global?
Those are all possible. But picking which? Not science's job.
...
Tzeentch? I am vast. I contain multitudes. In a much more literal sense than was originally intended. And, well, I'm a Tzeentch cultist. There is no ritual besides all of them that has any meaning.
Note my qualifier: "at the time under discussion." The Greek separation of disciplines isn't the historical norm. We (the Western world) sometimes forget how much we've been shaped by those blokes. The Greeks seemed to delight in chipping the world into ever-smaller shards, yet lots of cultures had rather work towards a whole.