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  1. The Iberian desman (Galemys pyrenaicus), a semiaquatic mammal endemic to southwestern Europe, is listed as Endangered by the IUCN due to substantial range and population decline in recent years, with its populati...

    Authors: Sara Sampaio, Soraia Barbosa, José A. Andrés, Lorenzo Quaglietta, Steven Bogdanowicz, Paulo Barros, Michaela Horníková, Joana Paupério, Paulo C. Alves and Jeremy B. Searle
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:114
    Content type: Research Published on:

  2. Several studies analyzed the origin of flapping birds, but only a few of them explored the scapular girdle myology in early birds and non-avian paravians. We analyze the pectoral girdle morphology in different...

    Authors: Gastón E. Lo Coco, Matías J. Motta, Federico L. Agnolín and Fernando E. Novas
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:113
    Content type: Research Published on:

  3. Mito-nuclear (or cytonuclear) discordance, evolutionary incongruence between the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes, is a widespread but underappreciated phenomenon that may obscure signals of introgression and...

    Authors: Javier Blasco-Aróstegui, Yuri Simone, Octávio S. Paulo and Lorenzo Prendini
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:112
    Content type: Research Published on:

  4. The evolutionary relationships within Stomiiformes, a diverse order of deep-sea fishes dominating the mesopelagic and bathypelagic zones, remain contentious due to conflicting morphological and molecular evide...

    Authors: Solomon Chang, Zach Heiple, Delson Hays, Fernando Melendez-Vazquez, Casey Lee, Benjamin W. Frable, John Pogonoski, Christopher M. Martinez, Ricardo Betancur-R and Dahiana Arcila
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:111
    Content type: Research Published on:

  5. Ponds are crucial habitats for bats in Mediterranean regions, providing significant sources of food and drinking water. However, the intensification of land use and the increase in arid landscapes are threaten...

    Authors: Joana Ribeiro-Silva, Carla Pinto-Cruz, António Mira and J. Tiago Marques
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:110
    Content type: Research Published on:

  6. Widely dispersed species are often found across heterogeneous environments, which can result in localized adaptive divergence among populations. While previous studies have highlighted the role of gene sequenc...

    Authors: Liwen Zhang, Zhongli Sha and Jiao Cheng
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:109
    Content type: Research Published on:

  7. Comparative biology seeks to unlock the power of cross-species trait variation to learn the rules of life. In this venture, modern studies increasingly leverage large datasets spanning many traits and levels o...

    Authors: Mataya Duncan, Michael DeGiorgio, Raquel Assis and Richard Adams
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:108
    Content type: Research Published on:

  8. Stoneflies represent an ancient lineage of polyneopteran insects, with stem-group representatives appearing as early as the Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian). However, their findings in the Carboniferous are extre...

    Authors: Pavel Sroka, Kateřina Rosová, Angelika Leipner and Jakub Prokop
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:107
    Content type: Research Published on:

  9. The Asian elephant, a keystone species of immense ecological and evolutionary significance, is under intensifying threat from habitat fragmentation and human-elephant conflict. Reliable population estimates ar...

    Authors: Vishnupriya Kolipakam, Himanshu Matta, Sanath K. Muliya, Mayur V. Markad, Lallianpuii Kawlni, Ujjwal Kumar, Bhawana Pant, Souritra Sharma, Samrat Mondol, Ramesh K. Pandey and Qamar Qureshi
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:106
    Content type: Research Published on:

  10. Ecological niche models (ENMs) and analyses of niche overlap/divergence have become popular methods in ecology and evolutionary biology. These analyses rely on environmental data available from several databas...

    Authors: Yucheol Shin, Amaël Borzée and Daesik Park
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:105
    Content type: Research Published on:

  11. The major histocompatibility complex’s (MHC) role in the vertebrate adaptive immune response and its exceptional polymorphism make it a key target for studying adaptive gene evolution. However, studies on carn...

    Authors: Nadine Schubert, Hazel J. Nichols, Francis Mwanguhya, Robert Businge, Solomon Kyambulima, Kenneth Mwesige, Michael A. Cant and Jamie C. Winternitz
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:104
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. Biodiversity is facing direct threats due to climate change and anthropogenic disturbance. Daral Valley, Swat is not an exception and was selected based on its remote location and altitudinal variation, encomp...

    Authors: Maroof Shah, Hassan Sher, Haidar Ali, Rafi Ullah, Douglas Law, Mohamed Farouk Elsadek, Khalid S. Al-Numair, Daniel K.Y. Tan and Muhammad Yasin
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:103
    Content type: Research Published on:

  13. Most Drosophila species lay their eggs on a wide range of overripe or rotting fruits. By contrast, D. suzukii has evolved a strong preference for undamaged ripe fruits, a shift that has made it one of the most im...

    Authors: Sebastien Lebreton, K. P. Siju, Matthieu Cavey, Caroline Minervino, Maïlys Delcroix, Xavier Fernandez, Thomas Michel, Ilona C. Grunwald Kadow and Benjamin Prud’homme
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:102
    Content type: Research Published on:

  14. Red mullet (Mullus barbatus) is a key species in Mediterranean fisheries, yet its stock structure and population dynamics remain poorly understood due to a lack of comprehensive genomic resources. This study prov...

    Authors: Piergiorgio Massa, Henrique G. Leitão, Tereza Manousaki, Alessia Cariani, Hannes Svardal, Dimitris Tsaparis, Rita Cannas, Lorenzo Zane, Tim De Pooter, Maria Teresa Spedicato, Mojca Strazisar, Claudio Ciofi, Alice Ferrari, Genevieve Diedericks, Maria Angela Diroma, Giulio Formenti…
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:101
    Content type: Research Published on:

  15. Following historic natural disturbances, interspecific hybridization has been documented between several Nothofagus species in Chilean forests. While hybridization can contribute to survival by enhancing genetic ...

    Authors: Riley Yewon Jung, Luana S. Maroja and Shaw N. Lacy
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:100
    Content type: Research Published on:

  16. Ekebergia capensis is a valuable tropical tree occurring on highlands of Ethiopia and used for traditional medicines, fodder for livestock and fruits are eaten by birds and other wild animals. However, it faces c...

    Authors: Daniel Melese, Debissa Lemessa, Mikiyas Abebe, Tsige Hailegiorgis and Sileshi Nemomissa
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:99
    Content type: Research Published on:

  17. Thyroid hormones regulate multiple physiological functions, including metabolism, reproduction, and metamorphosis. Although there are variations in thyroid hormone signaling between populations and species, th...

    Authors: Jun Kitano, Mana Sato, Hiyu Kanbe, Genta Okude, Asano Ishikawa, Yukinori Kazeto and Takashi Makino
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:98
    Content type: Research Published on:

  18. This study examined the ecological impact of the invasive shrub Amorpha fruticosa in marsh meadows and assessed the effectiveness of combined conservation management practices, i.e., mowing and cattle grazing, in...

    Authors: Krisztina Napsugár Nagy, Csilla Evelin Károlyi and László Bakacsy
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:97
    Content type: Research Published on:

  19. The plant pathogenic fungi diversity colonizing plant leaves has been largely understudied, creating a knowledge gap in understanding relationships between plant-pathogen and plant growth trade-offs. Here, we ...

    Authors: Lei Xie, Huipeng Yang, Xiao Zheng, Hui Ding and Yanming Fang
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:96
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. Seed dispersal through endozoochory plays a fundamental role in maintaining plant population dynamics, genetic connectivity, and habitat resilience, particularly in mountainous biodiversity hotspots. Large her...

    Authors: Zahra Shakoori, Farid Salmanpour, Mehdi Kia and Faraham Ahmadzadeh
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:95
    Content type: Research Published on:

  21. Evolutionary fitness is determined by the match between an organism’s phenotype and its local environment. When mismatched, individuals may disperse to more suitable habitats. For flightless insects, however, ...

    Authors: Lilian Cabon, Mahendra Varma, Gabe Winter, Anne Ebeling and Holger Schielzeth
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:94
    Content type: Research Published on:

  22. The relationships between floral traits and pollinators have been extensively studied over the last few decades. The concept of pollination syndrome suggests that plants pollinated by the same group of pollina...

    Authors: Aziz Ait Akka, Soufyane Lafraxo, Fatima Zahra Jawhari, Ahlam Sentil, Mohammed Bourhia, Youssouf Ali younous, Abdel-Rhman Z. Gaafar, Amina Bari and Raja Guemmouh
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:93
    Content type: Research Published on:

  24. Heteroplasmy, the presence of more than one type of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) within an individual, is an exception to the maternal transmission of mtDNA and has been observed in several animal species. A cent...

    Authors: Jelena Radojicic, Jon Bent Kristoffersen, Eirini-Slavka Polovina, Pavlos Pavlidis and Emmanuel D. Ladoukakis
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:91
    Content type: Research Published on:

  26. Deforestation in the Atlantic Forest has reached critical levels, threatening multiple levels of biodiversity. In these deforested landscapes, conservation strategies could benefit from preserving agroforestry...

    Authors: A. S. Santos, J. B. Leal, R. X. Corrêa, K. P. Gramacho and F. A. Gaiotto
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:89
    Content type: Research Published on:

  27. Marine invertebrates release their gametes at an optimal time to produce the next generation. In reef-building scleractinian corals, synchronous spawning is essential for reproductive success. Molecular mechan...

    Authors: Shiho Takahashi-Kariyazono, Akira Iguchi and Yohey Terai
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:88
    Content type: Research Published on:

  28. The most common environmental citizen science program type, often called “contributory” citizen science, invites volunteers to help with data collection. But is that all their volunteers do? Previous research ...

    Authors: Debbie Gonzalez Canada, Stephanie Lavau and Kathryn J. H. Williams
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:87
    Content type: Research Published on:

  29. Mangrove ecosystems in Bedono Village, Demak Regency, Central Java, are seriously degraded due to aggressive coastal abrasion, extreme soil salinity (45‰-80‰), and failure of previous rehabilitation programmes...

    Authors: Fuad Muhammad, Marsum Marsum, Sapto Purnomo Putro, Mochammad Hadi, Murningsih Murningsih, Jafron Wasiq Hidayat, Waqor Ahmad, Puteri Inandin Nabiha and Slamet Wardoyo
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:86
    Content type: Research Published on:

  30. Medicinal plants are invaluable sources of bioactive compounds and continue to serve as primary medicine for many people worldwide, despite advances in pharmaceuticals. Their recognition has increased with the...

    Authors: Naser Hosseini, Ahmadreza Mehrabian, Farzaneh Khajoei Nasab, Hossein Mostafavi and Mansour Ghorbanpour
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:85
    Content type: Research Published on:

  31. NCBITaxonomy.jl is a Julia package designed to address the complex challenges of taxonomic name reconciliation using a local copy of the NCBI taxonomic backbone (Federhen in Nucleic Acids Res 40:D136–D143, 201...

    Authors: Timothée Poisot, Rory Gibb, Sadie J. Ryan and Colin J. Carlson
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:84
    Content type: Research Published on:

  32. The Patagonian region hosts endemic bat species and represents the southernmost distribution limit for several vespertilionids and molossids species. In cold temperate regions, insectivorous bats are more acti...

    Authors: Analía Laura Giménez, Marta Gladys Grech and Óscar De Paz
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:83
    Content type: Research Published on:

  33. In 2025, researchers from around the world entered the joint BMC Ecology and Evolution and BMC Zoology image competition. Their images capture the beauty, struggles, and remarkable strategies life on Earth uses i...

    Authors: Jennifer Harman, Brock Fenton, David Ferrier, Christy A. Hipsley, David A. Liberles, Carmel McDougall and Edward Narayan
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:80
    Content type: Editorial Published on:

  34. Understanding germination characteristics, including optimal stratification requirements of target species, is necessary for supporting grassland restoration yet poorly understood. This knowledge is essential ...

    Authors: Réka Kiss, Katalin Lukács, Ágnes Tóth, Benedek Tóth, Kenz Raouf Samraoui, Rita Engel, Balázs Deák and Orsolya Valkó
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:82
    Content type: Research Published on:

  35. All plants are influenced by the temperatures they are exposed to and fascinating adaptations to extreme temperatures have been described for many of them. However, the extent to which adaptation to thermal e...

    Authors: Jan-Niklas Nuppenau, Johan Ehrlén and Aelys M. Humphreys
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:81
    Content type: Research Published on:

  36. Well-resolved phylogenetic relationships within the diverse Neotropical orchid genus Lepanthes are presented based on a genome skimming approach that yielded nine newly sequenced chloroplast genomes. We complemen...

    Authors: Tatiana Arias, Juan Sebastian Moreno, Sebastian Reyes, Martin Llano Almario, Alejandra Serna-Sánchez, Gabriel A. Iturralde, Janice Valencia, Luis Baquero and Alejandro Zuluaga
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:79
    Content type: Research Published on:

  37. Sea cucumbers are a highly diverse, enigmatic, ecologically and economically important group of echinoderms, however understanding of their taxonomy is complicated by cryptic morphology, hidden diversity and t...

    Authors: Kelly T. Brown, Paul C. Southgate, Nguyen D. Q. Duy, Lindon Havimana, Aviti J. Mmochi, Rose K. Basiita, Madjid Delghandi, Brian Stockwell and Monal M. Lal
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:78
    Content type: Research Published on:

  38. This study evaluates the ecological status of the Aras River Basin (Türkiye) by analyzing benthic macroinvertebrate communities in relation to seasonal variations and anthropogenic pressures. During 2014–2015 ...

    Authors: Murat Özbek, Ayşe Taşdemir, Seray Yildiz, Esat T. Topkara and Eylem Aydemir Çil
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:77
    Content type: Research Published on:

  39. The Bale Mountains National Park (BMNP), situated in the southeast highlands of Ethiopia’s Bale eco-region, is a globally recognized hotspot for biodiversity. The devastating rate of habitat degradation across...

    Authors: Annissa Muhammed and Eyasu Elias
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:76
    Content type: Research Published on:

  40. An organism’s body size is a fundamental trait linked to its metabolism, life-history and dispersal. In holometabolous insects, whose size is fixed at adult eclosion, body size can be influenced by environment...

    Authors: Lucie M. Baltz, Julienne de Vastey, Hanna Gardein, Felix Klaus, Henri Greil, Robert J. Paxton and Panagiotis Theodorou
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:75
    Content type: Research Published on:

  41. Lycii Cortex is a frequently utilized traditional Chinese medicine with notable therapeutic properties. The impact of climate change on its distribution and quality of Lycii Cortex is a significant concern. In th...

    Authors: Yuting Liu, Zikang Lu, Xiangrui Fu, Chaohui Wang, Chao Feng, Yongxing Song, Xian Gu, Tianchuan Chai, Lin Pei and Donglai Ma
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:74
    Content type: Research Published on:

  43. Patterns of discordance between gene trees and the species trees they reside in are crucial to the coalescent vs. concatenation debate and may be key to resolving rapid radiations. However, errors in gene tree...

    Authors: Dominic A. Evangelista, Michael A. Gilchrist, Frédéric Legendre and Brian O’Meara
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:72
    Content type: Research Published on:

  45. Prey species often develop toxic chemical defenses against predators, prompting predators to evolve traits that counteract these toxins. A prime example of this evolutionary arms race involves resistance to le...

    Authors: Alisa Tobe, Yu Sato, Mitsuki Kondo, Manabu Onuma and Miho Inoue-Murayama
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:70
    Content type: Research Published on:

  46. Body mass plays a fundamental role in the macroevolutionary dynamics of morphological, ecological, and phylogenetic diversification. Given biomechanical principles, large body masses in terrestrial vertebrates...

    Authors: Priscila S. Rothier, Anthony Herrel, Roger B. J. Benson and Brandon P. Hedrick
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:69
    Content type: Research Published on:

  47. Mountain ecosystems provide crucial insights into species distribution, yet their fragility, especially in the warming Mediterranean, puts many species at high extinction risk. This study, focusing on four cri...

    Authors: K Omar, A Mohamed, M. Shaltout, I. Elgamal and L. M Bidak
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:68
    Content type: Research Published on:

  48. Human alteration of natural environments and habitats is a major driver of species decline. However, a handful of species thrive in human altered environments. The biology, distribution, population structure, ...

    Authors: Ethan R. Tolman, Ellie Gamett, Christopher D. Beatty, Aaron Goodman, Brittney Hahn, Christian Benischek, Gracie Castillo, Ethan Derderian, Santiago Fernandez-Juarez, Ben Gallafent, James Jenson, Dick Jordan, Magnolia Schneider, Roberto Salazar, Towako Tamano, Maleah Wei…
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:67
    Content type: Research Published on:

  49. One of the greatest challenges for evolutionary biologists is explaining the vast diversity observed in nature. On Sulawesi Island, macaque species (genus Macaca) have rapidly diverged from their common ancest...

    Authors: Xiaochan Yan, Nami Arakawa, Kanthi Arum Widayati, Laurentia Henrieta Permita Sari Purba, Fahri Fahri, Bambang Suryobroto, Yohey Terai and Hiroo Imai
    Citation: BMC Ecology and Evolution 2025 25:66
    Content type: Research Published on:

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