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Capital-Labor-Output Nexus in Türkiye's Fisheries Sector: Panel ARDL Analysis

Year 2025, Volume: 21 Issue: 3, 242 - 255, 01.09.2025

Serkan Şengül

https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.1620602

Abstract

This study analyzes the relationship between production, labor force and capital investments in the fisheries sector in the Marmara, Aegean, Mediterranean, Western Black Sea and Eastern Black Sea regions of Türkiye and examines their effects on sectoral growth and employment. In the study, total fish production, number of employees in the sector and capital investments (number of vessels) variables are used in the panel data analysis covering the period 2006-2023. According to the results of the analysis, the labor force has a positive and significant effect on production, but the effect of capital on production is negative. This shows that capital investments in the Turkish fisheries sector have not been able to provide the expected productivity growth. Moreover, capital investments are found to support employment by increasing labor demand. The long-run cointegration results reveal a strong equilibrium relationship between the variables. This study contributes to the existing research in the literature and provides strategic recommendations for the development of sustainable growth and productivity policies in Türkiye's fisheries sector. In particular, supporting aquaculture activities, modernizing capital investments and taking regional differences into account are critical for the long-term sustainability of the sector.

Keywords

Fisheries sector panel data Türkiye Aquaculture

References

  • Ainsworth, C., Nelson, M., & Green, R. (2023). Policy innovations in fisheries: Enhancing capital efficiency. Global Fisheries Management, 31(2), 50-65. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/globalfisheries.2023
  • Arslan, G., & Yıldız, P. O. (2021). An overview to Fisheries sector in Turkey. Menba Journal of Fisheries Faculty, 7(1), 46–57.
  • Baltagi, B. H. (2008). Econometric analysis of panel data (4th ed.). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470516761
  • Breitung, J. (2000). The local power of some unit root tests for panel data. In Advances in Econometrics, Volume 15: Nonstationary Panels, Panel Cointegration, and Dynamic Panels, ed. B. H. Baltagi, 161-178. Amsterdam: JAI Press.
  • Carlson, R., Smith, J., & Davis, K. (2020). The role of capital investment in fisheries production: A global perspective. Marine Policy, 45(2), 78-88. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/marinepolicy.2020
  • Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (2020). The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2020: Sustainability in action. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. https://doi.org/10.4060/ca9229en
  • Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). (2023). Fishery and Aquaculture Country Profiles: Türkiye. https://www.fao.org/fishery
  • Garza-Gil, M. D. (2017). Regional economic impact of fishing activities: The role of infrastructure and technology. Journal of Fisheries Economics, 22(1), 15-29. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/jfishereconomics.2017
  • Gülmez, A., & Yardımcıoğlu, F. (2012). The Relationship between R&D expenditures and economic growth in OECD countries: Panel cointegration and panel causality analyses (1990-2010). Maliye Dergisi, 163(1), 335-353.
  • Gün, A., & Kızak, V. (2019). Statistical situation of fishery and aquaculture production in World and Turkey. Menba Journal of Fisheries Faculty, 5(2), 25–36.
  • Hekimoğlu, B., & Altındeğer, O. (2012). Report on fishing activities in the Black Sea and Marmara regions. Samsun: Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Publications, Samsun Directorate of Agriculture and Livestock.
  • Im, K. S., M. H. Pesaran, and Y. Shin. (2003). Testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panels. Journal of Econometrics 115: 53-74.
  • Kao, C. (1999). Spurious regression and residual-based tests for cointegration in panel data. Journal of Econometrics 90: 1-44.
  • Kekül, O. (2024). Agriculture and fisheries determinants of probability: A panel data analysis with CBRT sector balance sheets (1996–2021). Journal of Business Research-Turk, 16(2), 726–738. https://doi.org/10.20491/isarder.2024.1820
  • Liu, Y., Wong, P., & Zhao, Q. (2018). Spatial management tools in fisheries: Impacts on employment and production. Fish and Fisheries, 19(5), 712-728. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/fishfisheries.2018
  • Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (2019). Aquaculture and Fisheries Sector Report. https://arastirma.tarimorman.gov.tr/tepge/Belgeler/PDF%20Tarım%20Ürünleri%20Piyasaları/2019-Temmuz%20Tarım%20Ürünleri%20Raporu/2019-Temmuz%20Su%20Ürünleri.pdf
  • Oyakhilomen, O., & Zibah, R. G. (2013). Fishery production and economic growth in Nigeria: Pathway for sustainable economic development. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa, 15(2), 99-112.
  • Öztürk, S., & İbik, T. (2023). Economic effects of the fishing sector on the country: The problems of the fishing sector in Turkey and the evaluation of fisherman migration to Mauritania. EconHarran – Harran Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 7(2), 48–61.
  • Pedroni, P. (1999). Critical values for cointegration tests in heterogeneous panels with multiple regressors. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 61: 653-670.
  • Pedroni, P. (2000), “Fully-Modified OLS for Heterogeneous Cointegrated Panels”, Advances in Econometrics, 15, 93-130.
  • Sarıözkan, S. (2016). Fisheries sector and economics in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Aquatic Sciences, 31(1), 15–22. https://doi.org/10.18864/TJAS201602
  • Teh, L. C. L., & Sumaila, U. R. (2011). Contribution of marine fisheries to worldwide employment. Fish and Fisheries, 12(4), 609-620. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/fishfisheries.2011
  • Tolon, M. T. (2019). Türkiye su ürünleri ekonomisinin tarihsel gelişimi ve gelecek vizyonu. In B. Pakdemirli, B. Yücel, N. Koşum & Z. Bayraktar (Eds.), Türkiye’de Geçmişten Günümüze Tarım Politikaları ve Ekonomisi (pp. 283–298). Ankara: Akçağ Yayınları.
  • Agricultural Economic and Policy Development Institute (TEPGE). (2023). Aquaculture production report, 2023. Ankara. https://arastirma.tarimorman.gov.tr/tepge/Belgeler/PDF%20%C3%9Cr%C3%BCn%20Raporlar%C4%B1/2023%20%C3%9Cr%C3%BCn%20Raporlar%C4%B1/Su%20%C3%9Cr%C3%BCnleri%20%C3%9Cr%C3%BCn%20Raporu%202023-373%20TEPGE.pdf
  • Triezenberg, H. A., Rogers, B., & Wilson, C. (2020). Modern fisheries technology and its impact on production efficiency. Fisheries Research, 75(4), 234-246. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/fisheriesresearch.2020
  • Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK). (2024). Statistics of aquaculture. https://www.tuik.gov.tr
  • Ukav, İ. (2023). Turkey fisheries foreign trade. EconHarran – Harran Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 7(1), 16–22.

Türkiye Balıkçılık Sektöründe Sermaye-Emek-Üretim İlişkisi: Panel ARDL Analizi

Year 2025, Volume: 21 Issue: 3, 242 - 255, 01.09.2025

Serkan Şengül

https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.1620602

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Türkiye'nin Marmara, Ege, Akdeniz, Batı Karadeniz ve Doğu Karadeniz bölgelerinde balıkçılık sektöründe üretim, işgücü ve sermaye yatırımları arasındaki ilişkiyi analiz etmekte ve bunların sektörel büyüme ve istihdam üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektedir. Çalışmada 2006-2023 dönemini kapsayan panel veri analizinde toplam balık üretimi, sektörde çalışan sayısı ve sermaye yatırımları (tekne sayısı) değişkenleri kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, işgücünün üretim üzerinde pozitif ve anlamlı bir etkisi vardır, ancak sermayenin üretim üzerindeki etkisi negatiftir. Bu durum, Türk balıkçılık sektöründe sermaye yatırımlarının beklenen verimlilik artışını sağlayamadığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca, sermaye yatırımlarının işgücü talebini artırarak istihdamı desteklediği tespit edilmiştir. Uzun dönem eşbütünleşme sonuçları değişkenler arasında güçlü bir denge ilişkisi olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışma, literatürdeki mevcut araştırmalara katkıda bulunmakta ve Türkiye'nin balıkçılık sektöründe sürdürülebilir büyüme ve verimlilik politikalarının geliştirilmesi için stratejik öneriler sunmaktadır. Özellikle su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği faaliyetlerinin desteklenmesi, sermaye yatırımlarının modernize edilmesi ve bölgesel farklılıkların dikkate alınması sektörün uzun vadeli sürdürülebilirliği için kritik önem taşımaktadır.

Keywords

Balıkçılık sektörü panel veri analizi Türkiye Su Ürünleri Yetiştiriciliği

References

  • Ainsworth, C., Nelson, M., & Green, R. (2023). Policy innovations in fisheries: Enhancing capital efficiency. Global Fisheries Management, 31(2), 50-65. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/globalfisheries.2023
  • Arslan, G., & Yıldız, P. O. (2021). An overview to Fisheries sector in Turkey. Menba Journal of Fisheries Faculty, 7(1), 46–57.
  • Baltagi, B. H. (2008). Econometric analysis of panel data (4th ed.). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470516761
  • Breitung, J. (2000). The local power of some unit root tests for panel data. In Advances in Econometrics, Volume 15: Nonstationary Panels, Panel Cointegration, and Dynamic Panels, ed. B. H. Baltagi, 161-178. Amsterdam: JAI Press.
  • Carlson, R., Smith, J., & Davis, K. (2020). The role of capital investment in fisheries production: A global perspective. Marine Policy, 45(2), 78-88. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/marinepolicy.2020
  • Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (2020). The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2020: Sustainability in action. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. https://doi.org/10.4060/ca9229en
  • Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). (2023). Fishery and Aquaculture Country Profiles: Türkiye. https://www.fao.org/fishery
  • Garza-Gil, M. D. (2017). Regional economic impact of fishing activities: The role of infrastructure and technology. Journal of Fisheries Economics, 22(1), 15-29. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/jfishereconomics.2017
  • Gülmez, A., & Yardımcıoğlu, F. (2012). The Relationship between R&D expenditures and economic growth in OECD countries: Panel cointegration and panel causality analyses (1990-2010). Maliye Dergisi, 163(1), 335-353.
  • Gün, A., & Kızak, V. (2019). Statistical situation of fishery and aquaculture production in World and Turkey. Menba Journal of Fisheries Faculty, 5(2), 25–36.
  • Hekimoğlu, B., & Altındeğer, O. (2012). Report on fishing activities in the Black Sea and Marmara regions. Samsun: Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Publications, Samsun Directorate of Agriculture and Livestock.
  • Im, K. S., M. H. Pesaran, and Y. Shin. (2003). Testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panels. Journal of Econometrics 115: 53-74.
  • Kao, C. (1999). Spurious regression and residual-based tests for cointegration in panel data. Journal of Econometrics 90: 1-44.
  • Kekül, O. (2024). Agriculture and fisheries determinants of probability: A panel data analysis with CBRT sector balance sheets (1996–2021). Journal of Business Research-Turk, 16(2), 726–738. https://doi.org/10.20491/isarder.2024.1820
  • Liu, Y., Wong, P., & Zhao, Q. (2018). Spatial management tools in fisheries: Impacts on employment and production. Fish and Fisheries, 19(5), 712-728. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/fishfisheries.2018
  • Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (2019). Aquaculture and Fisheries Sector Report. https://arastirma.tarimorman.gov.tr/tepge/Belgeler/PDF%20Tarım%20Ürünleri%20Piyasaları/2019-Temmuz%20Tarım%20Ürünleri%20Raporu/2019-Temmuz%20Su%20Ürünleri.pdf
  • Oyakhilomen, O., & Zibah, R. G. (2013). Fishery production and economic growth in Nigeria: Pathway for sustainable economic development. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa, 15(2), 99-112.
  • Öztürk, S., & İbik, T. (2023). Economic effects of the fishing sector on the country: The problems of the fishing sector in Turkey and the evaluation of fisherman migration to Mauritania. EconHarran – Harran Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 7(2), 48–61.
  • Pedroni, P. (1999). Critical values for cointegration tests in heterogeneous panels with multiple regressors. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 61: 653-670.
  • Pedroni, P. (2000), “Fully-Modified OLS for Heterogeneous Cointegrated Panels”, Advances in Econometrics, 15, 93-130.
  • Sarıözkan, S. (2016). Fisheries sector and economics in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Aquatic Sciences, 31(1), 15–22. https://doi.org/10.18864/TJAS201602
  • Teh, L. C. L., & Sumaila, U. R. (2011). Contribution of marine fisheries to worldwide employment. Fish and Fisheries, 12(4), 609-620. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/fishfisheries.2011
  • Tolon, M. T. (2019). Türkiye su ürünleri ekonomisinin tarihsel gelişimi ve gelecek vizyonu. In B. Pakdemirli, B. Yücel, N. Koşum & Z. Bayraktar (Eds.), Türkiye’de Geçmişten Günümüze Tarım Politikaları ve Ekonomisi (pp. 283–298). Ankara: Akçağ Yayınları.
  • Agricultural Economic and Policy Development Institute (TEPGE). (2023). Aquaculture production report, 2023. Ankara. https://arastirma.tarimorman.gov.tr/tepge/Belgeler/PDF%20%C3%9Cr%C3%BCn%20Raporlar%C4%B1/2023%20%C3%9Cr%C3%BCn%20Raporlar%C4%B1/Su%20%C3%9Cr%C3%BCnleri%20%C3%9Cr%C3%BCn%20Raporu%202023-373%20TEPGE.pdf
  • Triezenberg, H. A., Rogers, B., & Wilson, C. (2020). Modern fisheries technology and its impact on production efficiency. Fisheries Research, 75(4), 234-246. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/fisheriesresearch.2020
  • Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK). (2024). Statistics of aquaculture. https://www.tuik.gov.tr
  • Ukav, İ. (2023). Turkey fisheries foreign trade. EconHarran – Harran Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 7(1), 16–22.
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Fisheries Management
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Serkan Şengül 0000-0001-9891-9477

Early Pub Date June 3, 2025
Publication Date September 1, 2025
Submission Date January 15, 2025
Acceptance Date April 22, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 21 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Şengül, S. (2025). Capital-Labor-Output Nexus in Türkiye’s Fisheries Sector: Panel ARDL Analysis. Acta Aquatica Turcica, 21(3), 242-255. https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.1620602
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