Publications

The green and digital transitions are transforming labour markets. While major digital gaps remain in the EU, training has never been so important. See how the how EU countries are addressing these changes and boosting learners’ digital skills in vocational education and training.

This paper gathers existing evidence and data on the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the labour market, jobs and society, drawing on sources from the EU and beyond.

The 2027 annual work programme on social and employment prerogatives: EU funding will support social partners’ capacity, advance Principle 8 of the European Pillar of Social Rights, and promote fair labour mobility and free movement of workers.

Europe is warming faster than any other region, bringing more floods, storms, wildfires and heatwaves. The costs could reach 6% of GDP, while heat stress threatens jobs and productivity. Outdoor, manual and vulnerable workers face the greatest risks.

Social leasing can make clean technologies affordable for vulnerable households by replacing upfront costs with monthly payments. EU simulations show BEV leasing could save car-dependent households around EUR 2 000 a year, while heat pump benefits vary by local energy prices.

Young people who leave education early face the highest NEET rates, often because of personal, family, care or health constraints. Re-engaging with education can make a significant difference.

This Squad 2026 Vision Paper explores how organisations can build the workforce capabilities, governance and practical conditions needed to turn cloud, data and AI adoption into lasting value, with a roadmap from opportunity identification to implementation, scale and renewal.

This Insight shows how countries across Europe are creating more flexible and accessible learning opportunities, helping people gain recognised skills, stay in education, and move into employment.

EU automotive still supports 6+ million jobs, but electrification, digitalisation and global competition are reshaping the sector. Employment is shifting eastwards, China dependence is rising, and many workers face major change without training, making support and reskilling crucial.

This study examines which regulated professions could be suitable for Common Training Frameworks (CTFs) to facilitate the automatic recognition of professional qualifications across the EU.