Engineering:8×50mmR Mannlicher

From HandWiki
Short description: Austro-Hungarian service rifle cartridge
Not to be confused with 8×50mmR Lebel.
8×50mmR Mannlicher
TypeRifle cartridge
Place of originAustria-Hungary
Service history
Used byAustria-Hungary
Kingdom of Bulgaria
Kingdom of Italy
WarsWorld War I
World War II
Production history
Designed1890 (M. 90)
Specifications
Parent case8×52mmR Mannlicher
Case typeRimmed, bottleneck
Bullet diameter8.22 (C.I.P.)
Neck diameter9.03 mm (0.356 in)
Shoulder diameter12.01 mm (0.473 in)
Base diameter12.48 mm (0.491 in)
Rim diameter14.11 mm (0.556 in)
Rim thickness1.38 mm (0.054 in)
Case length50.38 mm (1.983 in)
Overall length76.21 mm (3.000 in)
Ballistic performance
Bullet mass/type Velocity Energy
244 gr (16 g) M90 RN 1,950 ft/s (594 m/s) 2,060 ft⋅lbf (2,793 J)
244 gr (16 g) M93 RN 2,035 ft/s (620 m/s) 2,244 ft⋅lbf (3,042 J)
Test barrel length: 30

The Austro-Hungarian 8×50mmR Mannlicher or 8×50mmR M93 is a service cartridge dating back to the days of semi-smokeless powder. It was later replaced by (and many weapons were rechambered for) the 8×56mmR cartridge.[1][2] It is also known as the caliber .315 Indian.

History

M90

In approximately 1890, the Austro-Hungarian Empire converted the older, black powder filled 8×52mmR Mannlicher round into a semi-smokeless cartridge, following upon the heels of France's 8 mm Lebel cartridge, the first smokeless military round. This new round was designated 8mm M.1890 scharfe Patrone or "nitro-Patrone". It was loaded with the same 244 gr bullet but carried a 43 gr charge of "Gewehrpulver" ("rifle powder", Austria-Hungary's name for their version of smokeless powder, which was actually a "semi-smokeless" powder. The new semi-smokeless loading pushed the bullet to a velocity of 1,950 ft/s (590 m/s) in the converted M.88/90 and M.86/90 Mannlicher rifles.[3]

M93

Upon perfection of a completely smokeless powder by the Austro-Hungarians in 1893, the loading was again updated and thus re-designated as the "8mm M.1893 scharfe Patrone". It used the same bullet as the two previous loadings with a 43 gr charge of the new Gewehrpulver M.1892. This improved ballistics slightly, which had been about 200 ft/s (61 m/s) less out of the "repetier-carabiner" Mannlicher M1890 carbine, to 2,035 ft/s (620 m/s) out of the M.88/90 and later Mannlicher M1895 Rifles.[4]

Current use

The 8×50mmR Mannlicher cartridge has a long history of sporting use in India, as it was a simple matter to modify the Lee–Enfield action to accommodate the 8×50mmR in place of the .303 inch cartridge, thus providing a solution to the British colonial administration's 1907 ban on civilians possessing rifles chambered in British military calibres while offering a cartridge of similar capabilities. The IOF.315 Sporting Rifle uses this cartridge under the title of .315 (also .315 Indian).[5][6][7]


As of 2024, the cartridge is still being produced by some specialty manufacturers such as Milsurp Munitions of Florida.[8]

Handloading

Reloadable cartridge cases can be produced by reforming and trimming 8×56mmR Mannlicher or 7.62×54mmR Mosin–Nagant Russian brass. Standard .323" 8mm S-bullets are correct for this caliber though best results are obtained from open-base bullets that can expand to fit the .329" bore.[9] RCBS offers both reforming and reloading dies.

When reloading for "wedge-lock" Mannlicher rifles such as the M.88, M.86/88, M.86/90 or M.88/90 chamber pressures should be kept low for safety. Rifles such as the Mannlicher M.95 using a stronger rotating-bolt design can be loaded to higher pressures.

See also

  • List of rimmed cartridges

References

  1. ↑ John, Jeff (2023-08-25). "Steyr 95/30 8x56R Straight-Pull Action Rifle" (in en). https://www.rifleshootermag.com/editorial/steyr-95-30-8x56r-straight-pull-action-carbine/480716. 
  2. ↑ "Mannlicher M95/30 Rifles and Carbines in Austria Hungary". http://www.hungariae.com/Mann9530.htm. 
  3. ↑ Scarlata, Paul S. (2004). Mannlicher Military Rifles: Straight Pull and Turn Bolt Designs. Rhode Island, USA: Andrew Mowbray Publishers. p. 57. ISBN 1931464146. 
  4. ↑ Scarlata, Paul S. (2004). Mannlicher Military Rifles: Straight Pull and Turn Bolt Designs. Rhode Island, USA: Andrew Mowbray Publishers. p. 74. ISBN 1931464146. 
  5. ↑ Miles (2016-02-10). "Bringing the Lee Enfield into the 21st Century, Indian style" (in en). https://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2016/02/10/bringing-the-lee-enfield-into-the-21st-century-indian-style/. 
  6. ↑ Foss, Paul-Martin (2022-07-26). "Survival Ammunition: 8x50R Mannlicher" (in en-US). https://redtea.com/survival-ammunition-8x50r-mannlicher/. 
  7. ↑ "0.315" Sporting Rifle | Directorate of Ordnance (Coordination and Services) | Government of India" (in en). https://ddpdoo.gov.in/product/products/product-details/0-315-quot-sporting-rifle. 
  8. ↑ "8x50R Mannlicher Ammo" (in en-US). 2024-12-20. https://milsurpmunitions.com/product/8x50r-mannlicher/. 
  9. ↑ Foss, Paul-Martin (2022-07-26). "Survival Ammunition: 8x50R Mannlicher" (in en-US). https://redtea.com/survival-ammunition-8x50r-mannlicher/. 

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