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Khesinite

A valid IMA mineral species
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02756950017271952159870.jpg
Khesinite, etc.

Hatrurim Basin, Tamar Regional Council, Beersheba Subdistrict, Southern District, Israel
04886100017749828172146.jpg
Khesinite, etc.

Hatrurim Basin, Tamar Regional Council, Beersheba Subdistrict, Southern District, Israel
02756950017271952159870.jpg
Khesinite, etc.

Hatrurim Basin, Tamar Regional Council, Beersheba Subdistrict, Southern District, Israel
04886100017749828172146.jpg
Khesinite, etc.

Hatrurim Basin, Tamar Regional Council, Beersheba Subdistrict, Southern District, Israel
02756950017271952159870.jpg
Khesinite, etc.

Hatrurim Basin, Tamar Regional Council, Beersheba Subdistrict, Southern District, Israel
04886100017749828172146.jpg
Khesinite, etc.

Hatrurim Basin, Tamar Regional Council, Beersheba Subdistrict, Southern District, Israel
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About KhesiniteHide

02311320017271952164094.jpg
Mineral khesinite - Boris Khesin
Formula:
Ca4(Mg3Fe3+9)O4(Fe3+9Si3)O36
Colour:
Black to dark brown
Lustre:
Sub-Metallic
Hardness:
6
Specific Gravity:
4.097 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Name:
Named in honor of Boris Emmanuilovich Khesin (3 March 1932, Baku, Azerbaijan – 8 November 2010, Beer-Sheva, Israel), geophysicist and professor who worked in Azerbaijan and Israel. He wrote more than 260 scientific works including 10 books. Since 1991 he worked at the Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences of the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel and in particular, worked on the Hatrurim Complex.
This page provides mineralogical data about Khesinite.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
46174
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:46174:8

IMA Classification of KhesiniteHide

Classification of KhesiniteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):
9.DH.40

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
H : Inosilicates with 4-periodic single chains, Si4O12

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
KheIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of KhesiniteHide

Lustre:
Sub-Metallic
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Black to dark brown
Hardness:
6 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN50=943 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Cleavage:
None Observed
Parting:
None observed
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
4.097 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of KhesiniteHide

Anisotropism:
Weak
Bireflectance:
Weak
Reflectivity:
WavelengthR1 (%)R2 (%)
470nm14.05%12.73%
546nm13.17%12.08%
589nm12.78%11.76%
650nm12.48%11.55%
700nm12.32%11.42%


Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 14.05%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
Gray
Internal Reflections:
Weak, brown
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
Very weak

Chemistry of KhesiniteHide

Mindat Formula:
Ca4(Mg3Fe3+9)O4(Fe3+9Si3)O36
Element Weights:
Element% weight
Fe51.217 %
O32.607 %
Ca8.168 %
Si4.293 %
Mg3.715 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Fe
O
Ca
Si
Mg
Elements listed:
Ca, Fe, Mg, O, Si - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of KhesiniteHide

Crystal System:
Triclinic
Class (H-M):
1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:
P1
Setting:
P1
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.5363(1) Å, b = 10.9242(2) Å, c = 9.0612(1) Å
α = 106.340(1)°, β = 95.765(1)°, γ = 124.373(1)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.964 : 1 : 0.829
Unit Cell V:
780.54 ų

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event<2.4
47h : [Near-surface oxidized, dehydrated minerals]
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere<0.6
51 : Pyrometamorphic minerals (see also #54 and #56)<0.36
Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals<10 Ka
56 : Slag and smelter minerals (see also #51 and #55)

Type Occurrence of KhesiniteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Gurim anticline, Hatrurim Basin, Tamar Regional Council, Beersheba Subdistrict, Southern District, Israel
General Appearance of Type Material:
Grains, generally <200 ”m in size (rarely to 400 ”m), with an irregular outline, although a few crystal faces are usually present. Clusters in aggregates.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Type material is deposited in the collections of the Museum of Natural History in Bern, Bernastrasse 5, CH-3005 Bern, Switzerland, catalogue number NMBE 4717.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Thin veins of paralavas within fine-grained gehlenite rocks (hornfels).
Reference:
Galuskina, Irina O., Galuskin, Evgeny V., Pakhomova, Anna S., Widmer, Remo, Armbruster, Thomas, KrĂŒger, Biljana, Grew, Edward S., Vapnik, Yevgeny, DzieraĆŒanowski, Piotr, Murashko, Mikhail (2017) Khesinite, Ca4Mg2Fe3+10O4[(Fe3+10Si2)O36], a new rhönite-group (sapphirine supergroup) mineral from the Negev Desert, Israel– natural analogue of the SFCA phase. European Journal of Mineralogy, 29 (1) 101-116 doi:10.1127/ejm/2017/0029-2589

Synonyms of KhesiniteHide

Other Language Names for KhesiniteHide

Dutch:Khesiniet
German:Khesinit

Relationship of Khesinite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Sapphirine Supergroup
Other Members of Sapphirine Supergroup:
Aenigmatite GroupA subgroup of the Sapphirine Supergroup.
BeckettiteCa2V6Al6O20Tric. 1 : P1
DevilliersiteCa4Ca2Fe3+10O4[(Fe3+10Si2)O36]Tric. 1 : P1
Rhönite GroupSubgroup of the Sapphirine Supergroup.
Sapphirine GroupSubgroup of the Sapphirine Supergroup.
Surinamite(Mg,Fe)3Al4BeSi3O16Mon. 2/m
'UM1988-26-SiO:AlMg'Mg4Al2O[Si3Al2O15]

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
3 photos of Khesinite associated with GoreriteCaAlFe3+11O19
1 photo of Khesinite associated with AndraditeCa3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
1 photo of Khesinite associated with MagnesioferriteMgFe3+2O4
1 photo of Khesinite associated with KalsiliteKAlSiO4
1 photo of Khesinite associated with HematiteFe2O3

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

9.DH.DevilliersiteCa4Ca2Fe3+10O4[(Fe3+10Si2)O36]Tric. 1 : P1
9.DH.'Gageite-2M'(Mn,Mg,Zn)42Si16O54(OH)40Mon. 2/m
9.DH.BavsiiteBa2V2O2[Si4O12]Tet. 4/m : I4/m
9.DH.YuzuxiangiteSr3Fe3+(Si2O6)2(OH) · 3H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
9.DH.LouisfuchsiteCa2(Mg4Ti2)(Al4Si2)O20Tric. 1 : P1
9.DH.05LeucophaniteNaCaBeSi2O6FOrth. 222 : P212121
9.DH.10OhmiliteSr3(Ti,Fe3+)(Si4O12)(O,OH) · 2-3H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
9.DH.15HaradaiteSrVSi2O7Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
9.DH.15SuzukiiteBaVSi2O7Orth.
9.DH.20Shcherbakovite(K,Ba)KNa(Ti,Nb)2(Si4O12)O2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Imma
9.DH.20BatisiteBaNaNaTi2(Si4O12)O2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Imma
9.DH.20NoonkanbahiteBaKNaTi2(Si4O12)O2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Imma
9.DH.25TaikaniteSr3BaMn2+2(Si4O12)O2Mon. 2 : B2
9.DH.30KrauskopfiteBaSi2O5 · 3H2OMon. 2/m : P21/c
9.DH.35GageiteMn21(Si4O12)2O3(OH)20Mon. 2/m
9.DH.35Balangeroite(Mg,Fe2+,Fe3+,Mn2+)42Si16O54(OH)40Mon. 2/m
9.DH.40KuratiteCa2(Fe2+5Ti)O2[Si4Al2O18]Tric. 1 : P1
9.DH.40AenigmatiteNa4[Fe2+10Ti2]O4[Si12O36]Tric. 1 : P1
9.DH.40DorriteCa4(Mg3Fe3+9)O4(Si3Al8Fe3+O36)Tric.
9.DH.40SerendibiteCa4[Mg6Al6]O4[Si6B3Al3O36]Tric. 1 : P1
9.DH.40RhöniteCa4[Mg8Fe3+2Ti2]O4[Si6Al6O36]Tric. 1 : P1
9.DH.40'UM1991-29-SiO:FeMgNa'Na4(Mg5Fe3+7)O4[Si9Fe3+3O36]
9.DH.40HĂžgtuvaiteCa4[Fe2+6Fe3+6]O4[Si8Be2Al2O36]Tric. 1 : P1
9.DH.40'Leucorhönite'Ca2(Mg,Fe3+,Al)6(Si,Al)6O20Tric.
9.DH.40WelshiteCa4Mg9Sb3O4[Si6Be3AlFe2O36]Tric. 1 : P1
9.DH.40WilkinsoniteNa2Fe2+4Fe3+2(Si6O18)O2Tric. 1 : P1
9.DH.40KrinoviteNa2Mg4Cr3+2(Si6O18)O2Tric. 1 : P1
9.DH.40Makarochkinite(Ca,Na)4[Fe2+8Fe3+2Ti2]O4[Si8Be2Al2O36]Tric. 1 : P1
9.DH.45SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]Mon. 2/m : P21/c
9.DH.50Khmaralite(Mg,Al,Fe)16[(Al,Si,Be)12O36]O4Mon. 2/m : P21/c
9.DH.55'UM1988-26-SiO:AlMg'Mg4Al2O[Si3Al2O15]
9.DH.55Surinamite(Mg,Fe)3Al4BeSi3O16Mon. 2/m
9.DH.60DeeriteFe2+6Fe3+3(Si6O17)O3(OH)5Mon. 2/m : P21/c
9.DH.65Taneyamalite(Na,Ca)Mn2+12(Si,Al)12(O,OH)44Tric.
9.DH.65HowieiteNa(Fe2+,Fe3+,Al,Mg)12(Si6O17)2(O,OH)10Tric. 1 : P1
9.DH.70JohninnesiteNa2Mn2+9Mg7(OH)8[AsO4]2[Si6O17]2Tric.
9.DH.75AgrelliteNaCa2Si4O10FTric. 1 : P1

Fluorescence of KhesiniteHide

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for KhesiniteHide

References for KhesiniteHide

Localities for KhesiniteHide

Showing 11 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
France
 
  • Occitanie
    • Aveyron
      • Rodez
        • SĂ©vĂ©rac-d'Aveyron
publication date: November 2018 +1 other reference
Germany
 
  • Rhineland-Palatinate
    • Mayen-Koblenz
      • Vordereifel
        • Ettringen
Shchipalkina et al. (2019)
Israel (TL)
 
  • Southern District
    • Beersheba Subdistrict
      • Tamar Regional Council
        • Hatrurim Basin
Williams et al. (2014) +4 other references
KrzątaƂa et al. (2018)
Pekov et al. (2022)
Galuskina et al. (2024)
Galuskina et al. (2024)
Galuskina et al. (2026)
Palestine
 
  • West Bank
    • Jericho Governorate
Galuskina et al. (2024)
    • Quds Governorate
Galuskin et al. (2018)
USA
 
  • Wyoming
    • Campbell County
      • Reno Junction
Gunnar FĂ€rber - Mineralienliste 1-2018
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