pgsql: Reduce memory consumption for pending invalidation messages.

Reduce memory consumption for pending invalidation messages.

The existing data structures in inval.c are fairly inefficient for
the common case of a command or subtransaction that registers a small
number of cache invalidation events. While this doesn't matter if we
commit right away, it can build up to a lot of bloat in a transaction
that contains many DDL operations. By making a few more assumptions
about the expected use-case, we can switch to a representation using
densely-packed arrays. Although this eliminates some data-copying,
it doesn't seem to make much difference time-wise. But the space
consumption decreases substantially.

Patch by me; thanks to Nathan Bossart for review.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/[email protected]

Branch
------
master

Details
-------
https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/3aafc030a53621e91be2e7c1c72b5f3e8b103486

Modified Files
--------------
src/backend/utils/cache/inval.c | 514 ++++++++++++++++++++++------------------
1 file changed, 286 insertions(+), 228 deletions(-)